Box-Behnken效应面法优化姜黄素正负离子固体脂质纳米粒的处方

目的 采用Box-Behnken效应面法筛选姜黄素正负离子固体脂质纳米粒的最优处方.方法 采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备姜黄素的固体脂质纳米粒,以固体脂质的质量、卵磷脂的质量和混合表面活性剂为考察对象,以包封率和脂质载药量为考察指标,利用3因素3水平Box-Behnken效应面设计法筛选姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒的最优处方.结果 按最优处方制备固体脂质纳米粒的包封率为94.20％ ±2.55％、脂质载药量为3.49％±0.11％,平均粒径为194.9 ±12.0 nm,Zeta电位为-28.15 ±2.72 mV.结论 采用Box-Behnken效应面法优化姜黄素正负固体脂质纳米粒的处方是有效、可行的.     

布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒的制备

目的制备布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒(IBU-PACA-NP)。方法采用乙醚界面缩聚法制备布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒;以包封率、载药量为指标,在单因素考察处方及工艺条件基础上,采用正交设计法L9(34)对处方进行优化。结果按优化处方制备的纳米粒平均粒径为166 nm,包封率为96.60%,载药量为17.83%,Zeta电位为-20.2 mV。结论乙醚界面缩聚法制备的布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒粒径小,包封率和载药量符合要求,可用于口服或注射给药。     

采用星点设计-效应面法优化及制备阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒

目的采用星点设计-效应面法优化阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒的制备工艺。方法采用去溶剂化-固化交联法制备阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒。以白蛋白质量浓度(X1:1ρ,g.L-1)、阿霉素的质量浓度(X2:2ρ,g.L-1)、pH值(X3)及白蛋白理论交联度(X4,%)为考察对象,以纳米粒平均粒径(Y1:d,nm)、zeta电位(Y2:V,mV)、载药量(Y3:w1,%)和包封率(Y4:w2,%)为评价指标,以四因素五水平的星点设计-效应面法筛选出最佳制备工艺;并采用透射电镜观察制得纳米粒的形态。结果优化后的处方工艺为:白蛋白质量浓度为17 g.L-1、阿霉素质量浓度为2 g.L-1、pH值为9、白蛋白理论交联度为125%。以此条件制得的纳米粒平均粒径为(151±0.43)nm,zeta电位为-(18.8±0.21)mV,载药量为(21.4±0.70)%,包封率为(76.9±0.21)%,均与预测值偏差较小。结论阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒的制备采用星点设计-效应面法设计并优化是可行的。     

半乳糖化阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒的制备及其质量评价

目的:制备半乳糖化阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒,并考察了其形态、粒径、载药量、包封率和体外释药特性.方法:采用相分离法制备阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒,并在其表面偶联半乳糖苷,使之成为半乳糖化白蛋白纳米粒.激光扫描电子显微镜观察纳米粒的形态,马尔文激光粒度仪测定其粒径分布.采用紫外分光光度法测定纳米粒的载药量和包封率,并初步研究其体外释药特性.结果:电镜结果显示阿霉素纳米粒呈类球型,平均粒径为316.3 nm,纳米粒载药量为3.12%,包封率达91.82%,48 h体外累积释药率为55.71%.结论:本方法制备阿霉素纳米粒工艺简单且包封率较高.体外释药结果显示半乳糖化阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒具有明显的缓释作用.     

星点设计-效应面法优化美斯地浓聚乳酸纳米粒处方

目的星点设计-效应面法优化美斯地浓聚乳酸纳米粒处方。方法以复乳液中干燥法制备美斯地浓聚乳酸纳米粒,以包封率和载药量为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上,用星点设计对显著性因素进行优化,并进行二项式方程拟合,以效应面法选取较好的工艺条件进行预测。结果以效应面法优选出的最佳工艺为:美斯地浓投药量为49.20 mg,PLA浓度为3.31%,PVA浓度为3.41%。制备的美斯地浓聚乳酸纳米粒平均包封率和载药量分别为(51.98±1.28)%和(7.01±0.31)%(n=3),与二项式拟合方程预测值相差<2%。结论应用星点设计-效应面法优化美斯地浓聚乳酸纳米粒制备工艺,能够快速、准确的得到最佳制备工艺,预测性良好。     

多西紫杉醇白蛋白纳米粒的制备及体外评价

目的：制备多西紫杉醇白蛋白纳米粒，考察白蛋白和多西紫杉醇的处方量及乙醇加入量等因素对其形态、粒径、Zeta电位、收率、包封率、载药量和体外释药特性的影响，并对处方工艺进行优化。方法：采用去溶剂化-化学交联法制备多西紫杉醇白蛋白纳米粒，透射电镜观察纳米粒形态，马尔文激光粒度仪测定其粒径分布及Zeta电位，考马斯亮兰-酶标仪法测定纳米粒收率，HPLC法测定纳米粒包封率和载药量；以累积释药百分率为指标，通过方程拟合释药曲线，考察制剂的体外释药特性。处方优化采用星点设计-效应面优化法，应用SAS统计软件对数据进行处理。结果：优化处方制得的纳米粒为类球形，平均粒径65．3nm，Zeta电位-31．4mV，纳米粒收率95．0％，包封率74．3％，载药量4．65％，制剂24小时体外累积释药百分率为74．4％。结论：难溶性抗癌药物多西紫杉醇可以采用去溶剂化-化学交联法制备成白蛋白纳米粒，其粒径小，稳定性高，可显著提高多西紫杉醇在水相中的浓度。其优化处方中药物的释放显著慢于原料药磷酸盐缓冲溶液的释放，具有缓释效果。     

5-氟尿嘧啶共聚物纳米粒的制备及其药剂学性质

目的 以生物可降解材料Pluronic P105-PAGA共聚物制备5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)纳米粒,并考察纳米粒的药剂学特性.方法 采用透析法制备纳米粒,以包封率和载药量为指标,应用星点设计效应面优化法优化处方,并考察其表面特征、包封率、载药量、粒径、体外释放等性质.结果 5-FU-Pluronic P105-PAGA纳米粒为圆整的类球形实体粒子,平均粒径为175 nm,载药量为22.37%,包封率为95.26%,有突释现象,体外12 h累积释放率为80.4%.结论 所制纳米粒具有高包封率和载药量,粒径适宜,具有一定的缓控释作用.     

改良自乳化-溶剂扩散法制备甲基莲心碱纳米粒的研究

目的制备甲基莲心碱纳米粒(NEF-NP),并采用正交试验设计对甲基莲心碱纳米粒制备工艺进行优化。方法以包封率和载药量为评价指标,采用聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为载体,丙酮-无水乙醇为有机溶剂,通过正交设计优化改良自乳化-溶剂扩散法制备载NEF的PLGA载药纳米粒的处方工艺。结果优化的最佳处方工艺为:PLGA的浓度为20 mg.mL-1,NEF的投药量为3.3 mg,PVA浓度为1.0%,水相与有机相的体积比为8∶1。最佳条件下制得的纳米粒平均包封率达(70.35±1.16)%,载药量(2.33±1.08)%,平均粒径为(213.5±2.7)nm。结论最佳处方工艺制备的NEF-PLGA纳米粒具有较高的包封率、载药量和较小的粒径。     

姜黄素长循环纳米结构脂质载体的处方优化及理化性质研究

目的采用Box-Behnken效应面优化姜黄素长循环纳米结构脂质载体(mPEG2000-Cur-NLC)处方,并考察其理化性质。方法采用薄膜-超声法制备mPEG2000-Cur-NLC,以粒径、包封率和载药量为评价指标,以混合脂质的用量、乳化剂的用量和脂药质量比为考察对象,采用Box-Behnken效应面法筛选其最佳处方,并考察其粒径、包封率、zeta电位及体外释放。结果最优处方为混合脂质用量为质量分数2.5%、乳化剂的用量质量分数3.5%和脂药质量比40∶1,按最优处方制备的m PEG2000-Cur-NLC粒径为(135.33±2.52)nm、包封率为(96.70±0.146)%、载药量为(2.41±0.587)%,体外释放72h药物累积释放量为58.37%,呈缓释释放,Weibull方程拟合结果最好。结论 m PEG2000-Cur-NLC采用Box-Behnken效应面法优化是可行的,体外缓释效果良好。     

因子设计-效应面法优化紫杉醇聚乳酸-羟基乙酸纳米粒处方和制备工艺

目的:优化紫杉醇聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)纳米粒处方和制备工艺.方法:以PLGA为载体,采用溶剂扩散法制备紫杉醇PLGA纳米粒,用32满因子设计实验,考察因素PLGA在有机相中的浓度和理论载药量对纳米粒的粒径、载药量和包封率的影响,实验数据分别采用线性方程和二次多项式拟合,根据最佳数学模型绘制效应面并选出最优处方.结果:2个影响因素和3个评价指标之间存在定量关系,最优处方为:紫杉醇的理论载药量为9.09%、有机相中PLGA浓度为2%,制备得到的纳米粒粒径为281 nm,实际载药量为7.73%,包封率为57.43%.结论:采用因子设计-效应面法完成了紫杉醇纳米给药系统的多目标同步优化.     

Preparation, characterisation and maintenance of drug efficacy of doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles

Human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles represent promising drug carrier systems. Binding of cytostatics to HSA nanoparticles may diminish their toxicity, optimise their body distribution and/or may overcome multidrug resistance. In the present study, doxorubicin-loaded HSA nanoparticle preparations were prepared. Doxorubicin was loaded to the HSA nanoparticles either by adsorption to the nanoparticles' surfaces or by incorporation into the particle matrix. Both loading strategies resulted in HSA nanoparticles of a size range between 150nm and 500nm with a loading efficiency of 70-95%. The influence on cell viability of the resulting nanoparticles was investigated in two different neuroblastoma cell lines. The anti-cancer effects of the drug-loaded nanoparticles were increased in comparison to doxorubicin solution. Based on these result a standard protocol for the preparation of doxorubicin-loaded HSA nanoparticles for further antitumoural studies was established.     

Treatment of glioblastoma with poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles

Glioblastomas belong to the most devastating cancer diseases. For this reason, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)-coated poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) (PIHCA) (Monorex) nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin were developed and tested for their use for the treatment of glioblastomas. The preparation of the nanoparticles resulted in spherical particles with high doxorubicin loading. The physico-chemical properties and the release of doxorubicin from the PIHCA-nanoparticles were analysed, and the influence on cell viability of the rat glioblastoma 101/8-cell line was investigated. In vitro, the empty nanoparticles did not show any toxicity, and the anti-cancer effects of the drug-loaded nanoparticles were increased in comparison to doxorubicin solution, represented by IC(50) values. The in vivo efficacy was then tested in intracranially glioblastoma 101/8-bearing rats. Rats were treated with 3 × 1.5mg/kg doxorubicin and were sacrificed 18 days after tumour transplantation. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were carried out to assess the efficacy of the nanoparticles. Tumour size, proliferation activity, vessel density, necrotic areas, and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein demonstrated that doxorubicin-loaded PIHCA-nanoparticles were much more efficient than the free drug. The results suggest that poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles hold great promise for the non-invasive therapy of human glioblastomas.     

Ophthalmic drug-loaded N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels: synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation

Aim:

To investigate the ability of drug-loaded N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) hydrogels to modulate wound healing after glaucoma filtration surgery.

Methods:

The drug-loaded CMCS hydrogels were in situ synthesized using genipin as the crosslinker in the presence of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or bevacizumab. Their structures were characterized by FTIR, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In-vitro drug release experiments and in vivo evaluation in rabbits were performed.

Results:

The results of FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy and SEM analyses indicated that 5FU was encapsulated into the CMCS hydrogels that were crosslinked by genipin. The in vitro drug release experiments showed that nearly 100% of 5FU was released from the drug-loaded hydrogels within 8 h, but less than 20% bevacizumab was released after 53 h. The in vivo evaluation in rabbits indicated that the drug-loaded CMCS hydrogels were nontoxic to the cornea and were gradually biodegraded in the eyes. Furthermore, the drug-loaded CMCS hydrogels effectively inhibited conjunctival scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery and controlled postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP).

Conclusion:

The drug-loaded CMCS hydrogels provide a great opportunity to increase the therapeutic efficacy of glaucoma filtration surgery.     

pH敏感释药两亲性壳聚糖共聚物胶束的制备及其性质考察

目的在合成了两亲性接枝共聚物丁酰基-羧甲基-壳聚糖(butyryl-carboxymethyl-chitosan,BR-CM-CS)的基础上,采用化学键合载药方式结合透析法制备了阿霉素pH敏感两亲性共聚物胶束并对其相关性质进行考察。方法利用芘荧光探针技术测定胶束的临界胶束浓度(CMC);通过透析法结合紫外分光光度法测定胶束的载药量及包封率;分别利用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、动态光散射法(DLS)和zeta电位分析仪对胶束及其冷冻干燥产品的形态、粒径和表面电位进行了表征;采用透析法考察了载药聚合物胶束的体外释放行为。结果胶束的CMC值为1.0 mg.L-1,载药量可达12.5%,包封率为89.1%;胶束的粒度分布很窄,平均粒径为205.2 nm;胶束粒子为类球形且分散良好,其表面zeta电位值为25.94 mV;胶束释药行为体现pH敏感性。结论以壳聚糖为载体的化学腙键释药胶束作为抗肿瘤药物的传递系统具有可行性及良好的应用前景。     

载药纳米粒的研究进展

综述了聚合物、固体脂质及长循环3种纳米粒的载体材料、制备方法的研究进展。     

双亲性环糊精纳米粒的制备和应用

本文阐述了双亲性环糊精纳米粒的制备、影响因素和应用，及其它衍生物在纳米粒载药系统中的应用。     

泊洛沙姆188-PLGA纳米给药系统对抗耐药肿瘤的研究

目的 利用泊洛沙姆188对PLGA进行化学修饰,制备包载阿霉素的纳米粒,并评价纳米粒在人耐药乳腺癌细胞中的摄取能力及毒性。方法 通过EDC/NHS法合成泊洛沙姆188-PLGA,通过核磁共振对其结构进行表征并测定临界胶束浓度;通过纳米沉淀法制备包载阿霉素的纳米粒,通过粒度仪对纳米粒的粒径及分布进行分析,通过细胞摄取实验及细胞毒性实验对纳米粒的摄取效果及毒性进行评价。结果 成功合成了泊洛沙姆188-PLGA,并制备了粒径在140 nm左右的纳米粒,该纳米粒在人耐药乳腺癌细胞中有较好的摄取效果及较强的毒性。结论 泊洛沙姆188能够逆转耐药,增强耐药细胞对化疗药物的敏感程度。     

磁性纳米粒阿霉素微球制备的初探

目的:制备靶向抗癌药物即磁性纳米粒阿霉素白蛋白微球.方法:以阿霉素(ADR)、人血清白蛋白(HSA)和纳米Fe3O4为材料,采用乳化高温固化法制备出磁性纳米粒阿霉素白蛋白微球,并利用Hrtem对其包裹结合性能进行了观察,同时采用HPLC法对其载药量进行测试.结果:有效载药量为2.35%、表观载药量为3.55%.结论:采用乳化高温固化法能制备出磁性纳米粒阿霉素白蛋白微球.     

Preparation and characterization of paclitaxel palmitate albumin nanoparticles with high loading efficacy: an in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor study in mouse models

BackgroundCombination of the prodrug technique with an albumin nano drug-loaded system is a novel promising approach for cancer treatment. However, the long-lasting and far-reaching challenge for the treatment of cancers lies in how to construct the albumin nanometer drug delivery system with lead compounds and their derivatives.MethodsIn this study, we reported the preparation of injectable albumin nanoparticles (NPs) with a high and quantitative drug loading system based on the Nab^TM technology of paclitaxel palmitate (PTX-PA).ResultsOur experimental study on drug tissue distribution in vivo demonstrated that the paclitaxel palmitate albumin nanoparticles (Nab-PTX-PA) remained in the tumor for a longer time post-injection. Compared with saline and paclitaxel albumin nanoparticles (Abraxane^®), intravenous injection of Nab-PTX-PA not only reduced the toxicity of the drug in normal organs, and increased the body weight of the animals but maintained sustained release of paclitaxel (PTX) in the tumor, thereby displaying an excellent antitumor activity. Blood routine analysis showed that Nab-PTX-PA had fewer adverse effects or less toxicity to the normal organs, and it inhibited tumor cell proliferation more effectively as compared with commercial paclitaxel albumin nanoparticles.ConclusionsThis carrier strategy for small molecule drugs is based on naturally evolved interactions between long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and Human Serum Albumin (HSA), demonstrated here for PTX. Nab-PTX-PA shows higher antitumor efficacy in vivo in breast cancer models. On the whole, this novel injectable Nab-PTX-PA has great potential as an effective drug delivery system in the treatment of breast cancer.