沥青基球形活性炭对CO2的吸脱附行为研究

考察了沥青基球形活性炭(PSAC)的孔结构与CO2吸附容量间的内在关系及其脱附性能.采用N2吸附法分析PSAC的孔结构,由穿透曲线测试其对CO2的平衡吸附量.实验结果表明:在CO2/N2混合气氛下,活性炭对CO2的吸附容量与孔径小于1nm的微孔比表面积呈线性关系;当PSAC担载5%的三聚氰胺后,对CO2(15%)的平衡吸附量由0.91mmol/g增加到1.15mmol/g,提高了26.3%;采用抽真空脱附时,循环脱附效率为74.6%,而电解吸-抽真空耦合脱附工艺可使CO2的循环脱附效率接近100%.     

CB-FC复合材料的制备及其对甲苯吸附性能研究

以稻壳炭为碳质前躯体、淀粉为粘结剂、聚氨酯泡沫为模板,制备泡沫碳(FC)材料;以FC和葡萄糖为原料,采用生物质水热法制备碳球-泡沫碳(CB-FC)复合材料。通过全自动比表面积及孔径分析仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等分析测试方法,将CB-FC复合材料与FC材料进行对比,研究CB-FC复合材料对甲苯溶液的吸附性能,通过吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温曲线探讨FC与CB-FC复合材料的吸附机理。结果表明:CB-FC复合材料具有丰富的孔洞结构,以中孔和微孔为主;生物质水热反应生成的葡萄糖碳球主要集中在FC材料表面及其大孔孔洞处,增加了中孔的比表面积,缩小了大孔的比表面积,且不影响FC材料的晶型结构;吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,以准二级动力学方程描述2种材料对甲苯水溶液的吸附过程,经拟合计算得到单位质量CB-FC复合材料的平衡吸附量为288.18mg/g,比FC材料提高了51.9%左右。     

分子筛吸附性能分析

对一种沸石分子筛样品的比表面积、孔体积以及孔分布进行了测试分析.该样品的吸附等温线呈现I型,比表面积为756.3m2/g.由αs法和t-图法得到该样品的微孔体积非常接近,约0.22 mL/g.由DFT法得到该样品的孔径为0.6 nm.     

苯酚在竹炭上的吸附平衡和动力学研究

研究了20℃下苯酚在3种竹炭上的吸附平衡和动力学。采用低温下氮气吸附法测定了3种竹炭的BET比表面积和孔径分布,并用SEM观察了其微观形貌。根据Langmuir吸附等温线模型和Freundli ch模型分别对吸附数据进行拟合,结果表明Freundli ch吸附等温线模型能较好的用来描述苯酚在竹炭上的吸附平衡,并确立了20℃下苯酚在竹炭上吸附的Freundlich模型表达式;竹炭的BET比表面积和中孔容积越大,饱和吸附量也越大;对同一种竹炭,随竹炭用量的增加,溶液中苯酚残余浓度就越低,而竹炭用量与达到饱和吸附的时间无关。     

几种活性碳纤维的结构及其吸氙性能研究

表征了几个系列的活性碳纤维及球状活性碳的孔结构，研究了这些多孔碳吸附材料在不同温度下对氙的吸附特征，并进一步研究了这些活性碳纤维对氙的吸附性能及其与孔结构的关系。结果表明，氙气在活性碳纤维上的吸附容量，并不随活性碳纤维的比表面积的增加而增大，而是与其孔径分布密切相关。其中，尤其以半径≤0.4nm的极微孔，最有利于氙的吸附，将上述的等温吸附数据用Langmuir吸附方程进行拟合，揭示这种结果是由于活性碳纤维中的窄孔（极微孔）对氙具有较高的吸附热所致。     

多孔苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物的制备与孔结构

以甲苯和正庚烷为混合致孔剂,悬浮法制备多孔苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物(St-DVB)。在77K低温下,采用氮气吸附法测定了多孔St-DVB共聚物的氮气吸附-脱附等温线。通过改变交联度和致孔剂组分(甲苯与正庚烷配比),研究了它们对共聚物微观孔结构的影响。结果表明,共聚物的孔体积和平均孔径随甲苯与正庚烷配比的增大而减小,比表面积和微孔体积在甲苯与正庚烷配比为1∶1时最大。交联度对共聚物孔结构的影响显著,比表面积和孔体积随交联度的增大而明显增加,平均孔径随交联度的增大而减小。     

沥青基球状活性炭对肌酐及维生素B12吸附行为的研究

研究了具有不同比表面积及孔结构特征的沥青基球状活性炭对水溶液中肌酐及维生素Ｂ１２（简称ＶＢ１２）的吸附行为。结果表明，随沥青基球状活性炭比表面积的增大，沥青基球状活性炭对肌酐及ＶＢ１２的吸附能力均有增大的趋势；但在具有相近比表面积的沥青基球状活性炭中，微孔含量高者对肌酐吸附有利，而中孔含量高者对ＶＢ１２的吸附作用显著增强     

钙铝和铁铝水滑石的制备及其吸附水中六价铬的性能

为寻找高效吸附水中六价铬(Cr(Ⅵ))的水滑石功能材料,以水热法制备钙铝(CaAl-LDH)和铁铝水滑石(FeAlLDH) 2种吸附剂,通过X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、扫描电镜和比表面积测定仪研究其结构和性质,采用批次平衡实验比较研究其对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能。结果表明:CaAl-LDH和FeAl-LDH具有水滑石的特征衍射峰和介孔结构,呈六边形片状,比表面积分别为8.746、159.5 m~2/g; 2种材料对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附速率较快,在30 min达到平衡,且吸附过程不受溶液pH值的影响,溶液中存在的常见阴离子对Cr(Ⅵ)影响较小;吸附动力学和等温线数据分别符合拟二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温线模型,CaAl-LDH和FeAl-LDH对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量分别为34.92、51.31 g/kg。     

H-K法研究ACFs的微结构

ＡＣＦｓ的吸附性能主要取决于比表面积和孔隙结构。在不同相对压力下的吸附行为对应不同的孔隙结构。在一定范围内微孔是决定吸附能力大小的重要因素。以Ｎ２吸附等温线为依据,采用Ｈ－Ｋ法考察了不同比表面积ＡＣＦｓ在微观结构以及吸附 的差异。     

低温吸附泵用椰壳活性炭材料的结构测试分析

活性炭的结构参数影响低温吸附泵的吸附抽气性能。为了优选适用于NBI装置低温吸附泵的吸附剂,研究分析了六种椰壳活性炭(AC1、AC2、AC3、AC4、AC5、AC6)的结构特征,经实验测试,得到低温吸附等温线。应用BET理论、t图法、DFT法对孔结构进行了分析研究,获得了各活性炭样品的比表面积、微孔比表面积份额、比孔容积、以及孔径分布等结构测试数据。结果表明,六种活性炭中,AC1和AC2结构参数性能更适合NBI装置低温吸附泵的吸附抽气性能需求。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.