爆炸喷涂Cr3C2-25NiCr涂层的微观结构及性能

为了使Cr_3C_2-NiCr涂层能够应用于水力机械表面,采用爆炸喷涂技术在0Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢基材表面制备了Cr_3C_2-25NiCr涂层,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相分析仪、拉伸试验机、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、电化学工作站等手段研究分析了该涂层的微观形貌、孔隙率、结合强度、显微硬度、耐磨性能、耐蚀性能等。结果表明:爆炸喷涂Cr_3C_2-25NiCr涂层具有高致密结构,平均孔隙率仅为0. 76%,并且其结合强度高达82 MPa;涂层平均显微硬度为1 026 HV2 N,远高于基体;且在相同试验条件下,涂层的磨损量仅为基体的1/72;同时涂层还具有远高于基体的耐腐蚀性能。     

铝合金内表面电爆炸喷涂不同比例钼-高碳钢的性能对比研究

为了提高铝合金工件内表面的耐磨损能力,采用电爆炸喷涂技术在LY12基体上进行了制备钼和80号高碳钢复合涂层的实验研究.通过钼/高碳钢交替喷涂制备了钼和高碳钢的喷涂次数比分别为1:1和1:2的复合涂层,并对涂层进行了检测.结果表明,电爆炸喷涂的复合涂层形成了良好的冶金结合,涂层具有硬度高、抗磨损、粗糙度小、结合强度好的优点,层数比为1:2时涂层的性能更加优越.     

Ti-Al球磨粉反应等离子喷涂涂层的组织与性能

为制备Ti-Al金属间化合物复合涂层并研究其性能,以机械球磨的Ti-Al混合粉在Q235钢表面进行反应等离子喷涂实验,分别采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜对涂层的成分、显微组织进行了分析,并测试了涂层的结合强度、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层由Al3Ti、TiN、Al2O3、少量TiAl与Ti3Al、以及残留的Al和Ti组成;球磨可促进喷涂时的反应,但喷涂时Al和Ti仍未完全反应,且在空气环境中喷涂容易氧化和氮化;涂层与基体之间是镶嵌式的机械结合,结合强度平均为30.24 MPa;涂层表面的显微硬度平均为206.1 HV,涂层的耐腐蚀性优于基体.总体上看,当球磨时间较长、电流较大、喷涂距离较大、气流量较小时,喷涂时的反应较充分,且涂层比较均匀、致密,其强度、硬度以及耐腐蚀性能较高.     

Mikrostruktur und Eigenschaften lichtbogengespritzter Schichten auf Eisenbasis

Microstructure and properties of Fe‐based wire arc sprayed coatings Innovative iron based feedstocks for wire arc spraying are a promising alternative for conventional carbide reinforced feedstocks for wear applications. Recently the main area of research is focused on improving the properties of deposited functional coatings by varying the wire composition. The influence on the crystalline structure and the dimension of the hard phases in the resulting microstructure is of particular interest in this context. The objective of the investigation is to produce coatings with an amorphous phase, submicron and nanocrystalline structure. The forming of the amorphous phase is influenced by high cooling rates of the molten and partly molten particles impinging on the substrate. Thus, the achieved coatings are characterized by high hardness as well as high corrosion and wear resistance. The present paper introduces iron based coatings produced by wire arc spraying. Due to the application of cored wires with a modified alloy composition the forming of an amorphous phase as well as a submicron‐ and nanocrystalline structure is promoted. The filling of the cored wires are based on FeB with a eutectic composition and is varied by adding Cr₃C₂, FeSi, FeCrC and AlMg. The adding of further elements like Cr, C, Si, Al and Mg should improve the forming of the amorphous phase. The deposited coatings are analyzed regarding to the resulting coating properties and phase composition in connection with the composition of the cored wires. XRD‐analysis’ proved that the Fe‐based coatings contain an amorphous phase.     

纳米Al2O3封孔对电弧喷涂3Cr13涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用电弧喷涂技术在Q235钢基体上制备了约150μm厚的3Crl3涂层,并采用3种添加不同含量的纳米AlO3异丙醇溶液的有机硅树脂对其进行封孔处理,利用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对涂层的微观组织和物相组成进行分析,采用全浸泡腐蚀、乙酸盐雾腐蚀以及电化学腐蚀试验研究了未封孔及封孔涂层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明：3Crl3涂层的物相组成主要为α—Fe（Cr）和Cr2O3涂层为典型的层状堆积结构,孔隙率约为11％;涂层封孔后的耐腐蚀性能明显优于未封孔涂层的,而且添加质量分数为6％的纳米AIz03异丙醇溶液的有机硅封孔剂对3Crl3涂层耐腐蚀性能的提高最为显著。     

Adhesion behavior of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings on Al-6061 and cast iron substrates

In this work an investigation was carried out on adhesion strength and micro-hardness of plasma sprayed coatings on Al-6061 and cast iron substrate materials. For the adhesion test, ASTM C633, and for the micro hardness, ASTM E384 standards were used. From the results obtained it was found that the main failure locations were in the bond coat-substrate interface, which is considered as adhesion strength. The various parameters affecting adhesion strength are also discussed.     

高速电弧喷涂再制造曲轴用复合涂层的设计与研究

为提高再制造曲轴的涂层性能和使用寿命,设计了FeAlCrNi/3Cr13、Ni95Al/3Cr13和1Cr13/3Cr13的3种复合涂层和不喷涂过渡层的3Cr13涂层,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和微动摩擦磨损设备等测试技术分析了4种涂层的微观组织和微区成分组成,研究了喷涂不同过渡层对复合涂层结合强度的影响,重点考察了FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层的耐磨性能.结果表明, FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层组织致密,孔隙率约3.2%,氧化物含量低,涂层平均结合强度达到46.6 MPa,复合涂层在高载荷油润滑摩擦条件下的耐磨性能远高于基体45钢.FeAlCrNi/3Cr13复合涂层可以应用到高速电弧喷涂再制造修复曲轴产业中.     

45钢表面超音速电弧喷涂Ti-Al涂层的组织与性能研究

采用自行开发研制的超音速电弧喷设备，在45钢表面制成了钛铝合金复合涂层。并利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、电子探针，对涂层的成分、相结构、显微组织及其结合强度、显微硬度进行了研究。结果表明，利用超音速电弧喷涂设备，可以在45钢表面形成 度高、孔隙率低，结合强度较好和硬度高的Ti-Al合金涂层。     

Improvement of adhesion of plasma-sprayed Al2O3 coatings by using dry-ice blasting

Dry-ice blasting, as an environment-friendly method, was introduced for the first time into atmospheric plasma spraying for improving properties of Al₂O₃ coatings. The tensile adhesion of the coating was examined. The microstructure of the coating was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The temperature evolutions during the spraying were measured using an infrared pyrometer measurement system. The adhesive strength of Al₂O₃ coating deposited with dry-ice blasting exceeded 60 MPa, which was nearly increased by 30% compared with that of the coating deposited with conventional air cooling. The comparison of adhesions and microstructures of Al₂O₃ coatings plasma-sprayed with dry-ice blasting and with air cooling revealed that dry-ice blasting can optimize the coated substrate besides a cooling effect, and consequently resulted in the improved adhesion of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ coatings.     

高速电弧喷涂FeAlNbB非晶纳米晶涂层的组织与性能

为了提高钢铁材料的耐磨性和硬度,利用高速电弧喷涂技术在45钢基体上制备了FeAlNbB非晶纳米晶涂层.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDAX),透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪等设备对涂层的组织结构和相组成进行了分析,研究了非晶纳米晶的形成机制.实验结果表明:FeAlNbB非晶纳米晶涂层是非晶相、α-Fe、FeAl纳米晶和Fe3Al微晶共存的多相组织,涂层中非晶相含量约36.2%,纳米晶尺寸约14.1 nm;涂层组织均匀,结构致密,平均孔隙率约2.3%;非晶纳米晶涂层具有较高的硬度,其耐磨性是相同实验条件下制备的3Cr13涂层的2.2倍.     

热喷涂涂层和基体中残余应力预报与控制研究

分析研究了热喷涂涂层和基体中残余应力产生的原因并发展建立了相应的理论模型。依据该模型,不但可以计算骤冷过程和冷却过程在涂层/基体结构内引发的残余应力,而且首次分析了沉积过程中,基体/涂层因喷射冲击(即喷涂粒子高速撞击基体及形成的涂层表面)而产生的残余应力,以及因基体/涂层热膨胀系数不匹配产生的残余应力。理论计算结果与实验结果基本吻合。通过理论计算,可以预报涂层/基体中残余应力的大小,并根据需要控制涂层/基体中残余应力的分布。对即将进行的热喷涂工艺具有一定的指导意义。     

ZrO2-Ni等离子喷涂涂层的残余应力

对不同镍含量的ＺｒＯ２－Ｎｉ等离子喷涂层应用Ｘ射线应力分析技术测试涂层表面应力,用曲率测试应力分析方法测定涂层平均应力,两者有较好的相关性,均表明涂层的残余应力为较小张应力。据测试的曲率半径估算了二层、三层、和六层阶梯涂层各层的平均残余应力和涂层喷涂的平均温度,结果表明多层过渡结构以残余应力作用甚微,所估算的喷涂温度与实际操作条件基本相符。     

等离子喷涂 AP40生物活性玻璃陶瓷涂层的结构和性能

采用大气等离子喷涂技术，在TiA16V4基体上制备了AP40玻璃陶瓷涂层．利用光学显微镜、SEM和XRD分析技术对涂层形貌、显微组织结构和相组成进行了研究．探讨了热处理工艺对涂层组织结构及其性能的影响，并按德国DIN 50160标准进行涂层的拉伸强度试验．结果表明：等离子喷涂AP40玻璃陶瓷涂层在喷涂态，只有较低的结晶度．喷涂工艺对涂层的孔隙率和粉末沉积率有较大的影响．合适的热处理工艺可提高涂层的结晶度，减少孔隙以及提高结合强度．     

铝合金表面Ti-Al双丝超音速电弧喷涂涂层的组织与性能研究

利用SAS－1型超音速电弧喷涂设备和钛、铝丝在适当的工艺条件下，在LY12铝合金表面制成了钛铝合金复合涂层。并利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪、电子探针等，对涂层的成分、相结构、显微结构、孔隙率及其结合强度、显微硬度和耐磨性进行了研究。结果表明，利用超音速电弧喷涂设备，可以在铝基表面形成低孔隙率小于2.8%，结合强度为29MPa，显微硬度HV0.2为631和干滑动磨损体积仅为LY12基体1／7的TiAl合金涂层。显微组织观察发现，涂层与基体间有冶金结合的迹象，组织结构分析表明，涂层由TiN（TiO)，Al,Ti,TiAl,Ti3Al等相组成。涂层的磨损机制可能以化合物等硬质相的剥落引起的磨粒磨损和氧化磨损为主。     

Preparation of Metallurgical Ceramic Coatings on Steel Using a Combined Technique

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a novel surface technique for producing ceramic coatings on valve metals and their alloys. But this promising technique can not be used to steel directly. In this paper metallurgically wedded ceramic coatings was prepared on steel surface with a combined method of arc spraying and microarc oxidation for the first time. The results show that, adhesive strength of the arc spraying aluminum coatings to steel substrate was enhanced after induction remelting, and a metallurgically wedded region was formed between arc spraying coatings and steel substrate. After MAO, ceramic coatings was formed on aluminum coatings, and the ceramic coatings is mainly composed of α-Al2 O3 ,γ-Al2 O3 , θ-Al2 O3 and a little amorphous phase.     

Effect of substrate surface roughening and cold spray coating on the fatigue life of AA2024 specimens

The effects of cold spray coating and substrate surface preparation on crack initiation under cyclic loading have been studied on Al2024 alloy specimens. Commercially pure (CP) aluminum feedstock powder has been deposited on Al2024-T351 samples using a cold-spray coating technique known as high velocity particle consolidation. Substrate specimens were prepared by surface grit blasting or shot peening prior to coating. The fatigue behavior of both coated and uncoated specimens was then tested under rotating bend conditions at two stress levels, 180 MPa and 210 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze failure surfaces and identify failure mechanisms. The results indicate that the fatigue strength was significantly improved on average, up to 50% at 180 MPa and up to 38% at 210 MPa, by the deposition of the cold-sprayed CP-Al coatings. Coated specimens first prepared by glass bead grit blasting experienced the largest average increase in fatigue life over bare specimens. The results display a strong dependency of the fatigue strength on the surface preparation and cold spray parameters.     

碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料表面梯度涂层制备与组织性能研究

在碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺基体上设计了Ni-Ni/Cr-WC/Co和PI-Ni/Cr-WC/Co两种表面梯度涂层,并对其进行微观组织分析和抗热震性能测试,结果表明,采用化学镀镍和超音速火焰喷涂复合工艺得到的Ni-Ni/Cr-WC/Co梯度涂层结构较为致密,与基体结合较好,涂层经300次热震后无明显变化;采用超音速火焰喷涂得到的PI-Ni/Cr-WC/Co梯度涂层结构疏松,与基体结合力差,涂层经273次热震后完全脱落.镀镍层与基体能够通过机械力和原子力结合,也可以与镍铬合金层通过冶金结合、机械嵌合结合,同时在缓解涂层应力等方面起到重要作用,从而有效提高了梯度涂层的结合强度.     

电弧喷涂Al,45CT及其复合涂层的抗高温氧化性能与机理

为获得抗氧化性能优良的涂层,采用电弧喷涂方法制备了Al,45CT及其复合涂层,探讨了3种涂层过渡层的形貌、物相及其相应的作用,分析了3种涂层的组织结构、抗氧化性能与机理。结果表明:Al涂层和复合涂层高温氧化后表面氧化膜有剥落现象,涂层中的抗氧化元素Cr含量很低;45CT涂层中的抗氧化元素Cr含量仍然很高,涂层的自我修复能力很强,表面生成的Cr2O3氧化膜具有优异的抗氧化性能;在涂层与基体结合处有一层过渡层,不仅增强了涂层与基体的结合力,还能进一步阻止氧化性气体向基体入侵,起到二次保护作用。     

等离子喷涂工艺参数对FeCrBSi合金涂层结合强度的影响

采用等离子喷涂工艺在Q235钢基体上直接制备了FeCrBSi合金涂层,使用正交试验法研究了喷涂工艺参数对涂层结合强度的影响,并对喷涂工艺参数进行了优化,同时在优化参数的基础上进一步研究了涂层厚度对结合强度的影响。结果表明：等离子喷涂制备FeCrBSi合金涂层的最佳工艺参数为喷涂电流900A,主气流量44．8L·min-1,辅气流量27．8L·min-1,喷涂距离110mm;采用最佳工艺制备的涂层与基体的结合强度为18．2MPa,内聚强度为33．5MPa;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层与基体的结合强度明显下降,而涂层的内聚强度先上升后下降,较佳的涂层厚度为347．2μm。     

Fe3Al-Al2O3陶瓷梯度涂层性能研究

利用等离子喷涂制备了不同成分设计的多种Fe3Al-Al2O3陶瓷复合涂层，采用金相显微镜、SEM、XRD及电子探针等手段，研究了涂层的微观组织及成分分布，并对涂层的结合强度、显微硬度及抗热震性能进行了试验研究。结果表明，Fe3Al过渡层的引入可有效地改善涂层的质量，Fe3Al金属间化合物是钢基体上制备陶瓷涂层较为理想的过渡材料。涂层成分的梯度化有利于涂层结合强度和抗热震性能的提高。