化疗致味觉改变评估及护理的最佳证据总结

目的总结化疗所致味觉改变(CITA)评估及护理的相关证据,为临床护理人员对味觉改变展开规范化评估和管理提供参考。方法针对CITA的护理提出循证问题,通过美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)、Best Practice、美国指南网(NGC)、澳大利亚循证卫生保健中心(JBI)、Cochrane数据库检索近10年CITA的相关研究。对符合质量标准的文献进行资料提取和证据归纳。结果纳入8篇文献,包含2篇证据总结、1篇最佳实践推荐及5篇系统评价。总结出在特定临床情景下具备可行性及适宜性的最佳证据共7条,包括CITA的筛查与评估、预防及干预等。结论护理人员可遵循最佳证据来完善肿瘤内科CITA的管理,促进化疗相关症状的循证实践。     

Diagnostic value of RASSF1A hypermethylation in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Purpose

Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A), a member of Ras association domain family, plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The goal of our meta-analysis was to assess the diagnostic value of RASSF1A hypermethylation in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Proximal vs Distal Approach of Ultrasound-guided Suprascapular Nerve Block for Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

ObjectivesTo evaluate the early clinical outcomes of ultrasound (US)-guided suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) using a proximal approach compared with a distal approach for outpatient treatment of adhesive capsulitis.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingOutpatient clinicParticipantsParticipants (N=47) with symptomatic adhesive capsulitis.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to either US-guided SSNB using a proximal approach (n=23, proximal group) or a distal approach (n=24, distal group).Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at week 12. Secondary outcomes included the American Shoulder Elbow Surgeon’s (ASES) score, University California Los Angeles score, Short Form-36 mental and physical component summaries, and range of motion. All patients completed clinical follow-up at 2, 6, and 12 weeks after treatment. On US images, depth and insertion angle of needle during injection were measured.ResultsThe VAS significantly improved in both groups at week 12. After treatment, no significant differences were found in early clinical outcomes (weeks 2, 6, and 12) between groups (all P>.05), except that ASES at 2 weeks showed a significantly higher score in the distal group than in the proximal group (87.1±4.8 and 83.0±6.3, respectively; P=.014). The mean depth and insertion angle of needle was significantly lower (depth: 13.4±3.9 and 30.6±4.3 mm, respectively; P<.001; insertion angle: 19.6°±6.4° and 38.7°±5.8°; P<.001) in the proximal group than in the distal group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that proximal approach of US-guided SSNB provided favorable short-term outcomes of pain and functional improvement and that outcomes were comparable to those of the distal approach in adhesive capsulitis. The suprascapular nerve was located more superficially and easily identified in the proximal approach, suggesting that this method might improve the accuracy of injection.     

数据分析技术在中药谱效关系中的应用进展

中药活性成分较为复杂,加之配伍后的药理活性多样,使得阐明化学成分间的活性成分及其协同作用较为困难,即使单味中药的成分间配伍关系研究也是一个庞大的工程。谱效关系是一种新兴的方法,目前已逐渐应用于单味药及复方药效物质基础、组分配伍、炮制机制、药效预测及工艺优化等方面的研究中。它是一种采用数据分析技术,将多维多息的指纹图谱数据与药理指标进行关联和分析的研究方法,是药学与数学的交叉领域。该方法的研究依赖于数据分析技术。客观合理的选择数据分析技术是必不可少的环节。该文对近年来数据分析技术在中药谱效关系中的应用进展进行了归类综述,其中包括,预测各成分与药效间关联度的分析方法:灰关联度分析法,人工神经网络,双变量相关分析法;阐明各成分对药效贡献率的分析方法:多元线性回归法,偏最小二乘回归分析法;简化数据结构寻找主要活性成分的分析方法:主成分分析法,典型相关分析法。并总结了目前常用的数据分析技术的特点,研究思路及其适用研究对象等。最终针对各分析技术存在的局限性进行了讨论,为谱效关系中数据分析技术的选择提出了建议。推荐合理地联用多种数据分析技术来建立较为理想的谱效关系模型,进而保证结果的客观性与真实性。     

Bayesian meta-analysis across genome-wide association studies of diverse phenotypes

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful tool for understanding the genetic basis of diseases and traits, but most studies have been conducted in isolation, with a focus on either a single or a set of closely related phenotypes. We describe MetABF, a simple Bayesian framework for performing integrative meta-analysis across multiple GWAS using summary statistics. The approach is applicable across a wide range of study designs and can increase the power by 50% compared with standard frequentist tests when only a subset of studies have a true effect. We demonstrate its utility in a meta-analysis of 20 diverse GWAS which were part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2. The novelty of the approach is its ability to explore, and assess the evidence for a range of possible true patterns of association across studies in a computationally efficient framework.     

津沽推拿流派学术概要

发源于天津地区的津沽推拿流派,具有历史悠久、底蕴深厚、风格独特、学术特点突出等特点。作为全国具有代表性的推拿流派,津沽推拿流派已有百余年发展历史,现已形成津沽伤科推拿、津沽脏腑推拿、津沽小儿推拿3大稳定的学术分支。津沽推拿流派注重理论传承,强调道术结合,又具有典型的手法特点。津沽推拿流派对近代推拿的发展贡献突出,目前该流派的传承推广应用工作成绩卓著,引起了推拿学界的广泛关注。     

贾英杰教授应用“圣愈汤”治疗晚期前列腺癌经验总结

前列腺癌是男性泌尿生殖系统中发病率较高的恶性肿瘤，极大威胁着男性健康。由于其发现时常为晚期，故内分泌治疗是主要治疗手段，但几乎都不可避免的将发展成去势抵抗性前列腺癌。晚期前列腺癌由于其生存时间较短、治疗效果欠佳，一直是现代医学的难题。中医学根据前列腺癌特点将其归属于“癃闭”“痛症”“癥积”“淋证”等病范畴。贾英杰教授总结晚期前列腺癌病机为“气血亏虚为主，兼毒瘀互结”，临床以补气养血为主、辅以祛瘀散结为治疗原则，采用圣愈汤加减，疗效颇佳，充分发挥了中医学的优势。     

郭利平教授治疗血管神经性头痛经验采菁

郭利平教授治疗血管神经性头痛,详审病因病机,有一定的临床诊治特色,平肝潜阳、滋补肝肾,补中益气、时时顾护脾胃,熟知经络、详辨部位,善用活血药、虫类药及藤类中药,疗效显著,现进行系统阐述,以推动临床实践。     

第三届北京口腔种植长城论坛暨口腔种植联盟工作会议纪要

第三届北京口腔种植长城论坛暨口腔种植联盟联席工作会于2020年11月在北京召开,来自长城沿线15个省市的口腔种植领域的专家和代表120多人参加了会议。会议就当前中国口腔种植发展的热点问题进行了探讨交流,对今后发展方向形成了共识。论坛将以长城为基线,传播先进的口腔种植理念和技术,带动口腔种植行业发展。围绕"前牙骨增量后的种植修复远期效果"大会主题进行的学术研讨,收到很好的效果。会议论证了刘洪臣教授主持的《口腔种植牙的保健与维护指南》并广泛征求了意见。北京口腔医学会第四届口腔种植专业委员会第四次常务委员会也同期召开,对2020年口腔种植专委会的工作进行总结,通报了新增青年委员,通过了专委会工作制度并讨论了2021年专委会的工作规划和换届工作。