HPLC测定三七提取液中三七皂苷R2(S)、七叶胆苷XVII和人参皂苷F2的含量

目的 建立同时测定三七提取液中三七皂苷R₂(S)、七叶胆苷XVII及人参皂苷F₂含量的高效液相色谱法。方法 色谱柱为Waters Acquity UPLC CSH-C₁₈(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm),流动相为0.01%甲酸-水(A)和0.01%甲酸-乙腈(B),梯度洗脱,检测波长为203 nm,进样量为5 μL,流速为0.35 mL·min^-1,柱温为40 ℃。结果 在43 min内可完成三七皂苷R₂(S)、七叶胆苷XVII和人参皂苷F₂的分离测定。3种皂苷峰面积和浓度线性关系良好(r²>0.999 8);日内和日间精密度RSD<3.4%;回收率为98.4%~102.1%。结论 该方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于三七提取液中皂苷成分的测定。     

中国辽宁栽培西洋参化学成分的研究

中国辽宁栽培西洋参(Panax quinquefolius Linn)的总皂甙用低压硅胶柱和反相Rp18Labar柱层析分离得到18种化合物,用IR,MS(FD-MS,FAB-MS),¹³C-NMR及化学方法鉴定了16种化合物的化学结构;分别为棕榈酸(1),齐墩果酸(2),胡萝卜甙(daucosterin 3),人参皂甙-Rh₁(4),—Rg₃(5),—Rg₂(6),—Rg₁(7),—Rf(8),—Re(9),—Rd(10),—Rb₂(11),—Rb₁(12)、—R₀(13),蔗糖(14),人参三糖(15)及一种新皂甙(16),结构为:20(s)原人参二醇-3-[-O-β-D-吡喃糖基(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基],20-[-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→6)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙,命名为人参皂甙-RAO(ginsenoside-RA₀)。化合物(4)和(5)系首次从西洋参中分离出的已知皂甙。     

HPLC梯度法测定复方三七维康胶囊中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1的含量

摘 要 目的:建立HPLC梯度法同时测定复方三七维康胶囊中三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷R_b1、R_g13种皂苷的含量。方法: 色谱柱：大连Spherisorb C¹⁸分析柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相：乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 ml·min^-1;检测波长 203 nm。结果:三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷R_g1和R_b1分别在1.06～18.55 μg（r=0.997 3）、2.02～35.35 μg（r=0.998 2）和2.02～35.35 μg（r=0.998 2）之间线性关系良好。平均回收率三七皂苷R₁为100.8%（RSD=1.53%,n=5）,人参皂苷 R_g1为98.9%（RSD=1.87%,n=5）,人参皂苷R_b1为99.7%（RSD=1.90%,n=5）。结论:HPLC梯度洗脱法能够将多种皂苷很好地分离检测,该方法准确可靠,重复性好,可用于控制其质量。     

三七根、叶、花皂甙对麻醉犬血流动力学的影响

本文研究了三七根、叶、花总甙及三七皂甙C₁和E₁对麻醉犬血流动力学的作用。结果表明:根总甙明显降低动脉血压和总外周阻力,增加心输出量和减慢心率,降低心肌耗氧指数。根总甙中含量最多的单体皂甙C₁(即人参皂甙Rg₁)可使血压短时下降,但LV dp/dt_max和心输出量显著增加,伴总外周阻力明显下降。叶总甙及其含量较多的皂甙E₁(即人参皂甙Rb₁)对上述指标均无明显影响。花总甙的作用温和短暂。这些结果提示三七根皂甙是心血管药理作用的活性成分,地上部分皂甙无明显心血管作用,且毒性较大。     

HPLC-ELSD同时测定跌打丸中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1的含量

目的 建立同时测定跌打丸中三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁和人参皂苷Rb1含量的HPLC-ELSD检测方法。方法 采用Phenomenex Kinetex C₁₈色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.6 μm),柱温30 ℃,流速0.5 mL·min^-1,流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱,ELSD检测器,漂移管温度110 ℃,载气(空气)体积流量3.0 L·min^-1。结果 三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁、人参皂苷Rb1分别在0.158~3.16 μg(r=0.999 8),0.407~8.14 μg(r=0.999 5),0.446~8.92 μg(r=0.999 9)内呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为97.55%(RSD=1.04%),98.09%(RSD=1.03%),97.34%(RSD=0.81%)。结论 该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于跌打丸的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定人参三七颗粒中人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1和三七皂苷R1的含量

摘 要 目的: 建立同时测定人参三七颗粒中人参皂苷Rg₁、Re、Rb₁和三七皂苷R₁含量的方法。方法: 采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Sunfire C₁₈（150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）分析柱,流动相以乙腈-水梯度洗脱;检测波长为203 nm;柱温30℃;流速1.0 ml·min^-1。结果:人参皂苷Rg₁,Re,Rb₁和三七皂苷R₁之间有较好的分离度,4种成分在线性范围内与峰面积之间线性关系良好,人参皂苷Rg₁、Re、Rb₁和三七皂苷R₁加样回收率分别为99.83%,97.84%,98.43%,97.34%,RSD分别为2.08%,1.66%,1.73%和1.42%（n=5）。结论:本方法可同时测定人参三七颗粒中的人参皂苷Rg₁,Re,Rb₁和三七皂苷R₁含量。     

三七绒根中皂甙B1及B2的分离和鉴定

从三七Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen绒根中分得二种微量皂甙,三七皂甙B₁和B₂三七皂甙B₁为一种新皂甙,证明其结构为达玛20(22)-烯3β,12β,25三醇6-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅰ),其皂甙元亦为一种新皂甙元,其结构为达玛20(22)-烯-3β,12β,6 C,25四醇。三七皂甙B₂经鉴定为已知皂甙人参皂甙(ginsenoside—Rh₁,Ⅱ)。     

人参叶微量新成分的研究

从人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)叶中分离出14种单体化合物。其中4种微量成分用IR、MS、¹HNMR、13CNMR及化学方法等分别鉴定为20(R)-原人参三醇(Ⅰ)、胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ)、3β,12β-二羟基-20(22),24-达玛二烯—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅲ)及20(R)-原人参二醇—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅳ)。其中Ⅲ及Ⅳ系新化合物,分别命名为人参皂甙-Rh₃(ginsenoside-Rh₃)及20(R)-人参皂甙-Rh₃[20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh₂]。     

HPLC法同时测定舒血灵胶囊中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷RG1及人参皂苷Rb1的含量

摘 要 目的： 建立舒血灵胶囊中三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷RG₁及人参皂苷Rb₁的含量测定方法。方法: 采用Hypersil ODS-2 C₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm）色谱柱;以乙腈(A)-水(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流动相梯度为：0～8 min,20%A→20%A,8～40 min,20%A→30%A,40～60 min,30%A→45%A;流速：1.0 ml·min^-1;柱温：25℃;检测波长：203 nm;进样量：20 μl。结果: 三七皂苷R₁在浓度0.05～0.50 mg·ml^-1范围内,人参皂苷RG₁和Rb₁在浓度0.20～2.00 mg·ml^-1范围内,与峰面积呈较好的线性关系（r=0.999 9）;三种成分的平均加样回收率分别为98.79%、98.42%、98.89%,RSD分别为0.85%、0.97%、0.74%（n=6）;日内精密度分别为0.49%、0.20%和0.39%;日间精密度分别为0.75%、0.56%和0.51%;稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<1%。结论:本试验建立的测定方法简便、准确性高、重复性好,可用于该制剂的含量测定。     

UFLC法测定复方丹参片中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1及Rb1

目的 探索建立超快速液相色谱（UFLC）法测定复方丹参片中三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁及Rb₁。方法 采用SHIMADZU Shim-pack XR-ODS Ⅲ（2.0 mm×75 mm, 1.6 μm）色谱柱;以乙腈-水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱;体积流量为0.4 mL/min;检测波长为203 nm;进样体积为3 μL。结果 三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁及Rb₁分别在0.025 7～0.257 0、0.101 2～1.012 0、0.104 4～1.044 0 μg与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为96.7%、98.1%、98.8%。结论 本方法在15min内可以将三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rg₁及Rb₁有效分离,节省了大量人力和流动相的消耗,为中药的质量控制技术提供参考方法。     

秦岭珠子参叶的达玛烷型皂甙的进一步研究

前已报道秦岭产珠子参(Panax japonicus var.mojor (Burk.) Wu et Feng)叶的九个达玛烷型皂甙成分。本文继续报告得自珠子参叶的另外两个新的同类皂甙成分。珠子参甙F_σ(Ⅰ) 由甲醇中得白色粉末,分子式:C_(48)H_(82)O_(19);正、反相薄层层析示为单一斑点;PPC检查Ⅰ的酸水解物中有葡萄糖和鼠李糖存在:FAB-MS给出分子离子峰m/z 985 (M Na)~ 及碎片峰716(M-162-2H_2O 2H)~ ,619(M-162-146-2H_2O H)~ ,439(M-2×162-146-3H_2O 2H)~ ,说明Ⅰ中含有二个葡萄糖和一个鼠李糖。     

Ginsenoside Rg5, a genuine dammarane glycoside from Korean red ginseng

A genuine dammarane glycoside, named ginsenoside Rg₅, has been isolated by repeated column chromatography and preparative HPLC from the MeOH extract of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). The chemical structure of ginsenoside Rg₅ was determined as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] dammar-20(22),24-diene-3β,12β-diol by spectral and chemical methods. The stereostructure of a double bond at C-20(22) of ginsenoside Rg₅ was characterized as (E) from the chemical shift of C-21 in the¹³C-NMR and a NOESY experiment in the¹H-NMR.     

黑种草子化学成分研究

从民族药黑种草子(Semen nigellae)中分离得到七个化合物,其中两个为新化合物,分别命名为黑种草甙(nigeglanoside)和黑种草糖(nigelancae)。经理化常数测定和光谱解析确定其结构分别为山萘酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙和2-O-α-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-β-D-呋喃果糖甙。另外五个已知化合物分别为附子碱的氯化物(fuzitinechloride)、常春藤皂甙、蔗糖(sucrose)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)和环劳顿醇(cyclolandenol)。     

喙果绞股蓝中皂甙成分的研究

首次从喙果绞股蓝(Gymostemma yixingense CY Wu et SK Chen)中分得四个皂甙成分(Ⅰ～Ⅳ),经理化常数测定、光谱解析和化学方法确定了它们的结构。其中Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为喙果皂甙A(yixinosideA),Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ分别鉴定为绞股蓝皂甙XLIVXLII(gypensideXLIV,XLII)和具明显调脂作用的人参皂甙Rb₁(ginsenosideRb₁)。此外,Ⅰ经酸水解得到一新皂甙元1β-羟基人参二醇(1β-hydroxylpanaxadiol)(Ⅴ)和一新次级甙,命名为喙果皂甙B(yixinosideB,VI)。     

A Pair of 24-hydroperoxyl Epimeric Dammarane Saponins from Flower-buds of Panax Ginseng

Abstract

Further investigation on the saponins of the flower-buds of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer has resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of a pair of new 24-epimers of dammarane type saponins named ginsenoside I and II. The structures of the epimers were characterized on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-S-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β12β20(S)-trihydroxy-24ξ-hydroperoxydammar-25-ene, except for their C-24 configurations. Ginsenoside I is a new triterpene glycoside, and ginsenoside II is a known compound first isolated from a natural plant.     

Saponins from the roots ofPulsatilla koreana

From the roots ofPulsatilla koreana, three monodesmosides(pulsatilla saponins A, B and D) and two bisdesmosides(pulsatilla saponins F and H) were isolated. The structure of these saponins have been determined as hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside(A), hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranoside(B), hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside(D), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (F) and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(H) on the basis of chemical and spectral studies. Pulsatilla saponin B is the first report of its presence in plants but saponins A, D, F, and H have recently been isolated from the same genusP. cernua.     

Four new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng and their cytotoxicity on HL-60 cells

Four new triterpene saponins, ginsenosides Rh(14)-Rh(17)(1- 4), along with two known compounds, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg? and dammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene-3 β,6 α,12 β-triol, were isolated from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 3 β,6 α,12 β,24 ξ-tetrahydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),25-diene 6- O- α- L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?→?2)- β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3 β,12 β,24 ξ-trihydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),25-diene 3- O- β- D-glucopyranosyl-(1?→?2)- β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3 β,6 α,12 β-trihydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and 3-oxo-6 α,12 β,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-24-ene 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?→?2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) by means of extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods, respectively. The isolated compounds were tested for IN VITRO cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells.     

Saponins from the stem bark ofKalopanax pictum var.magnificum (I)

Three triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark ofKalopanax pictum Nakai var.magnificum (Araliaceae). The structures of these saponins were identified as hederagenin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, hederagenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester.     

薯蓣属植物化学成分的研究——Ⅱ.叉蕊薯蓣中甾体皂甙的分离和鉴定

从叉蕊薯蓣(D.collettii HooK.f.)根茎的乙醇提取物分离到四个甾体皂甙,根据理化性质、光谱数据,推定化学结构为3-O-(β-D-葡萄吡喃糖)-约莫皂甙元(3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-yamogenin)[Ⅰ];3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖]-约莫皂甙元(3-O-[α-L-rahmnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-yamogenin)[Ⅱ];3-O-{α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→4)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-约莫皂甙元(3-O-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopranosyl}-yamogenin)[Ⅲ];3-O-{β-D-葡萄吡喃糖(1→3)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)3-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-约莫皂甙元(3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-yamogenin)[Ⅳ]。其中Ⅰ为已知物,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为首次从植物界得到的新甾体皂甙。     

Two new steroidal saponins from the tubers ofLiriope spicata

Two novel steroidal saponins designated as spicatosidesA(1) andB(2) were isolated from the tubers ofLiriope spicata and their structures were clucidated as 25(S)-ruscogenin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→3)]-β-D-fucopyranoside (1) and 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl 25(S)-22-O-methyl-furost-5-en-1β, 3β, 26-triol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→3)]-β-D-fucopyranoside (2), respectively.