立体定向放射治疗肝门部胆管癌疗效分析

目的探讨肝门部胆管癌立体定向放射治疗的疗效.方法 17例因内科或外科原因不能手术或患者不同意手术的肝门部胆管癌采用立体定向放射治疗,单次剂量4～8 Gy(中位剂量5.6 Gy),总剂量40～60 Gy(中位剂量48 Gy).结果 CR 8例,PR 9例,总有效率为100.0%;1年生存率为94.1%(16/17).结论立体定向放疗是肝门部胆管癌的有效治疗方法.     

肺鳞癌常规分割配合立体定向放射治疗疗效观察

目的:观察常规分割放射治疗配合立体定向放射治疗肺鳞癌的疗效和放射反应.方法:30例肺鳞癌患者采用常规分割放射治疗DT 42～44Gy后,给予残存肿瘤灶立体定向放射治疗,5～9Gy/次,隔日1次,肿瘤灶总剂量DT25～36Gy.与同期常规分割放射治疗肺鳞癌患者30例进行对照.结果:常规分割加立体定向放射治疗组与常规分割放射治疗组的有效率及1年生存率分别为86.7%、86.7%及60.0%、53.3%,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).2个组放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎、肺纤维化均无差异(P＞0.05).结论:常规分割放射治疗配合立体定向放射治疗肺鳞癌,患者近期疗效和1年生存率优于常规分割放射治疗,有望获得较好疗效.     

体部伽马射线立体定向放疗治疗肺部原发及转移瘤的疗效及毒副反应

目的:回顾性分析伽马射线体部立体定向放射治疗(stereotactic body radiotherapy,SBRT)治疗肺部原发及转移瘤的急慢性毒副反应和有效性。方法:纳入2013年5月至2015年1月32例肺部原发及转移瘤患者共计47个病灶,中位随访时间9个月,所有患者均经4DCT定位后采用伽马射线体部立体定向放射治疗。处方剂量及分割模式为63 Gy/9 f（BED10>100 Gy）,50%等剂量曲线包绕。RECIST 1.1标准评价疗效,CTC 3.0标准评价急慢性毒副反应。结果:所有患者按计划完成处方,随访率100%,完全缓解（CR）89.4%（42个病灶）,部分缓解（PR）10.6%（5个病灶）,病灶有效反应率（CR+PR）为100%,6个月生存率为93.8%。无3级以上急慢性毒副反应。结论:采用伽马射线体部立体定向放疗治疗肺部原发及转移瘤病灶局部反应率高,急慢性毒副反应可接受。     

脑转移瘤全脑放疗同步立体定向放射治疗的临床观察

目的:评价全脑放射治疗与立体定向放射治疗同步治疗脑转移瘤患者的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析22例接受全脑放射治疗同时行立体定向放射治疗的脑转移瘤患者的临床资料。所有患者全脑放疗剂量为39.6Gy/22次,单次剂量为1.8Gy,立体定向放射治疗剂量为15.4Gy/22次,单次剂量为0.7Gy。结果:近期疗效CR 3例(13.6%),PR 8例(36.4%),SD 7例(31.8%),PD 4例(18.2%)。22例患者均获得随访,随访时间为2～29个月,中位生存期为12个月(95%CI:9.27～14.73)。6个月、1年和2年的肿瘤局部控制率分别为90.9%(20/22)、50.0%(11/22)和36.4%(8/22)。治疗过程中未发现放射治疗相关致死病例。急性放射治疗相关神经系统不良反应主要是脑水肿加重引起的恶心、头痛和神经功能障碍,多为Ⅰ和Ⅱ级。结论:全脑放射治疗同步立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤,能控制脑转移病变的生长,提高患者的生活质量、局部控制率。有选择地进行全脑放射治疗同步立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤是安全有效的。     

体部大分割放射治疗肝转移癌疗效及安全性

目的 分析应用体部大分割放疗技术治疗肝转移癌的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2007-2016年间本院收治的行体部大分割放疗的45例肝转移癌患者的病历资料。其中男20例,女25例,中位年龄58岁(25~83岁),中位KPS=80。原发肿瘤部位以结直肠癌(14例)、乳腺癌(9例)和肺癌(6例)为主。观察并分析体部大分割放疗后的效果和不良反应。结果 中位随访时间为23.5个月,中位生存期26.0个月(95%CI为21.4~30.6)。45例患者中21例发生肝外转移,共治疗52个肝转移病灶,行1个病灶放疗者34例。剂量分割为45 Gy分3次、60 Gy分10~15次。中位GTV和PTV分别为 10.1 cm³(0.3~175.2 cm³)和29.8 cm³(5.0~209.6 cm³)。17例患者的肝脏CT图像与MRI图像融合,43例患者采用IMRT技术。中位PTV剂量为60 Gy (40~60 Gy),BED为90 Gy (60~132 Gy)。放疗后1年肿瘤局部控制率、无瘤生存率和总生存率分别为94%、27%和91%。末次随访时,6例患者病死于肝转移和肝功能异常。结论 体部大分割放疗对肝转移癌是安全有效的。     

非小细胞肺癌62例脑转移行全脑放射治疗联合立体定向放射治疗的疗效及预后因素分析

目的:评估全脑放射治疗联合立体定向放射治疗非小细胞肺癌合并脑转移瘤患者的生存率和肿瘤局部控制率,以及影响生存率的预后因素。方法:回顾性分析62例接受全脑联合立体定向放射治疗的非小细胞肺癌合并1～3个脑转移瘤患者的临床资料,评估生存率,并进行生存相关因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果:62例患者的中位生存期为16个月(95%可信区间为11.27～20.73)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、病理类型、病灶部位、病灶放射总剂量及全脑放射治疗后接受生物靶向治疗是影响患者生存率的独立预后因素。全组患者的中位肿瘤局部控制时间为20个月(95%可信区间为18.21～22.45),6个月、1年和2年的肿瘤局部控制率分别为96.6%、82.5%和48.9%。全组患者未发现放射治疗相关致死性病例。治疗后1个月,健康相关生活质量评分较治疗前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:年龄、病理类型、病灶部位、病灶放射总剂量及全脑放射治疗后接受生物靶向治疗是影响患者生存率的独立预后因素。对非小细胞肺癌合并1～3个脑转移瘤的患者,有选择地进行全脑放疗联合立体定向放射治疗是安全而有效的。     

X线立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤的疗效分析

目的观察立体定向放射手术治疗脑转移瘤的疗效。方法X线立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤患者47例,采用10MV的直线加速器多个非共面弧旋转照射,肿瘤剂量为18～25Gy(平均22.1Gy)。40例患者在术后接受了肿瘤剂量30～40Gy的全脑放疗。结果中位生存期为11个月,1年生存率37.5%,疗后3个月的肿瘤控制率为90.7%,KPS≥70、原发肿瘤已控和无颅外转移患者的预后较好(P<0.05)。结论立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤是安全和有效的。     

肺癌脑转移不同放射治疗方式临床分析

目的:探讨不同放射治疗方法对肺癌脑转移瘤的疗效,并结合文献分析.方法:130例肺癌脑转移患者行放射治疗,分全脑照射组(Whole brain radiotherapy WBRT),立体定向放射治疗外科组(Stereotactic radiosurgery SRS),全脑照射 立体定向放射外科治疗外科组(WBRT SRS).全脑照射1.8Gy-2Gy/次,总剂量30-40/15-20天,立体定向放射治疗外科边缘剂量8Gy-22Gy,单次或分次完成;全脑照射 立体定向放射治疗外科治疗组,先WBRT2Gy-2.2Gy/次,总剂量30Gy-44Cy/3-4周,之后SRS治疗,单次靶区边缘剂量8Gy-12Gy.结果:三组病例局部控制率分别为49.9%,81.6%和85%,中位生存期分别为5个月,11个月及12.3个月.结论:对于肺癌脑转移,SRS及WBRT SRS治疗在局部控制率和生存率上明显优于WBRT.     

立体定向放射治疗肺癌脑转移疗效分析

目的探讨不同放射治疗方法对肺癌脑转移的疗效.方法176例由病理学证实的肺癌脑转移患者分为4组:单纯全脑放疗(WBRT)组、全脑放疗加立体定向放射外科(WBRT SRS)组、单纯立体定向放射治疗(SRT)组、全脑放疗加立体定向放射治疗(WBRT SRT)组.SRS治疗单次靶区平均周边剂量8～20Gy,总剂量20～32Gy;SRT治疗单次靶区平均周边剂量2～5Gy,总剂量25～60Gy;WBRT1.8～2Gy/次,总剂量30～40Gy.结果四组的局部控制率分别为47.0%、87.7%、86.5%和78.0%;中位生存期分别为5.0,11.0,11.5和10.0个月;局部无进展生存期分别为3.33,8.33,9.33和7.67个月;颅脑无新病灶生存期分别为4.11,8.57,9.03和6.12个月.在死因分析中,WBRT组死于脑转移的比率为57.6%,较其他三组高.而WBRT SRS组的晚期放射反应的发生率为12.2%,较其他组高.结论肺癌单发脑转移瘤患者的最佳治疗方式是单纯立体定向放射治疗,治疗失败后再行挽救性全脑照射或立体定向放疗.对于多发脑转移,全脑放疗加立体定向放射治疗(WBRT SRT)在提高生存率以及减少并发症方面优于其他治疗方法.     

复发性鼻咽癌三维适形放射治疗的疗效分析

目的 分析复发性鼻咽癌三维适形放射治疗的疗效及影响疗效的因素.方法 56例复发性鼻咽癌接受三维适形放射治疗,鼻咽部剂量50～70Gy/36～52d(中位64Gy/44d).结果 全组病例随访3年以上.3年总生存率、无瘤生存率和鼻咽部局部控制率分别为48.2 %、44.6%和53.6%.复发间隔时间＞2年和复发临床分期T2期者,3年生存率和局部控制率高(P＜0.05);再程放疗剂量≥60Gy者,3年生存率和局部控制率优于＜60Gy.结论 三维适形放射治疗是复发性鼻咽癌有效的治疗手段,其复发间隔时间、复发临床分期和再程放疗剂量是影响预后的因素.     

Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for limited hepatic metastases

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for the treatment of liver metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The records of 69 patients with 174 metastatic liver lesions treated with SBRT between April 2001 and October 2004 were reviewed. The most common primary tumors were colorectal (n = 20), breast (n = 16), pancreas (n = 9), and lung (n = 5). The mean number of lesions treated per patient was 2.5 (range, 1-6). The longest diameter of the lesions ranged in size from 0.6 to 12.2 cm (median, 2.7 cm). Dose per fraction ranged from 2 Gy to 6 Gy, with a median total dose of 48 Gy (range, 30-55 Gy). Dose was prescribed to the 100% isodose line (IDL), with the 80% IDL covering the gross tumor volume with a minimum margin of 7 mm. RESULTS: The median follow up was 14.5 months. Sixty patients were evaluable for response based on an abdominal computed tomography scan obtained at a minimum of 3 months after completion of SBRT. The actuarial overall infield local control rate of the irradiated lesions was 76% and 57% at 10 and 20 months, respectively. The median overall survival time was 14.5 months. The progression-free survival rate was 46% and 24% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. None of the patients developed Grade 3 or higher toxicity. CONCLUSION: Hypofractionated SBRT provides excellent local control with minimal side effects in selected patients with limited hepatic metastases.     

Proton stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver metastases—results of 5-year experience for 81 hepatic lesions

BackgroundTo report on our institutional experience using Proton stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with liver metastases.MethodsAll patients with liver metastases treated with Proton SBRT between September 2012 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method calculated from the time of completion of Proton SBRT. LC was defined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines (version 1.1). Toxicity was graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0.ResultsForty-six patients with 81 lesions were treated with Proton SBRT. The median age was 65.5 years old (range, 33–86 years) and the median follow up was 15 months (range, 1–54 months). The median size of the gross tumor volume (GTV) was 2.5 cm (range, 0.7–8.9 cm). Two or more lesions were treated in 56.5% of patients, with one patient receiving treatment to a total of five lesions. There were 37 lesions treated with a biologically effective dose (BED) ≤60, 9 lesions with a BED of 61–80, 22 lesions with a BED of 81–100, and 13 lesions with a BED >100. The 1-year and 2-year LC for all lesions was 92.5% (95% CI, 82.7% to 96.8%). The grade 1 and grade 2 toxicity rates were 37% and 6.5%, respectively. There were no grade 3 or higher toxicities and no cases of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD).ConclusionsProton SBRT for the treatment of liver metastases has promising LC rates with the ability to safely treat multiple liver metastases. Accrual continues for our phase II trial treating liver metastases with Proton SBRT to 60 GyE (Gray equivalent) in 3 fractions.     

Experience in fractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy boost for newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma

PURPOSE: Radiotherapy is the most effective treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of fractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) boost for NPC. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty-four patients with newly diagnosed, nonmetastatic NPC were treated with conventional radiotherapy 64.8-68.4 Gy followed by fractionated SBRT boost 12-15 Gy between January 2002 and July 2004. Most patients (72%) presented with Stage III-IV disease. Fifty-two patients also received cisplatin-based concurrent (38) or neoadjuvant (14) chemotherapy. The major endpoints were local control, overall survival, and complications. RESULTS: All patients finished the planned dose of radiotherapy. After a median follow-up of 31 months (range, 22-54), 15 patients developed tumor recurrences--3 in the nasopharynx, 4 in the neck, 5 in distant sites, 1 in both nasopharynx and neck, 2 in the neck and a distant site. The 3-year actuarial rate of local control was 93.1%, regional control 91.4%, freedom from distant metastasis 90.3%, and overall survival 84.9%, respectively. There were no Grade 4 acute or chronic radiation-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Fractionated SBRT boost for NPC is technically feasible and provides good local control without any severe complications.     

立体定向放射治疗肝脏转移瘤的临床疗效

目的探讨立体定向放射(stereotactic body radiation therapy,SBRT)治疗肝脏转移瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年12月至2020年5月同济大学附属东方医院收治的43例肝脏转移瘤患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用4D⁃CT或呼吸门控技术进行CT模拟定位,共58个病灶接受SBRT治疗,总剂量为36~70 Gy,分割次数为5~10次,1天1次,1周5次。结果43例患者均顺利完成全程放疗,中位随访时间为15.6个月(范围:2.0~31.9个月)。2年总生存率、局部控制率和无进展生存率分别为55.4%、86.0%和5.9%。常见的Ⅰ~Ⅱ级不良反应为食欲减退(6例)、疲劳(6例)、骨髓抑制(3例)和肝脏疼痛(1例),未发现Ⅲ级及以上不良反应。EQ⁃5D⁃5L生活质量量表的平均效用得分为0.848(标准差=0.277)。结论立体定向放射治疗肝脏转移瘤局部控制率良好且不良反应较少,其远期疗效和安全性值得开展随机对照研究进一步探索。     

Factors important for efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy of medically inoperable stage I lung cancer. A retrospective analysis of patients treated in the Nordic countries

We reviewed results of SBRT treatment of 138 patients with medically inoperable stage I NSCLC treated during 1996-2003 at five different centres in Sweden and Denmark. Mean age was 74 years (range 56-90) with 69 men and 72 women. SBRT was delivered using a 3D conformal multifield technique and a stereotactic body frame. Doses delivered were 30-48 Gy (65% isodose at the periphery of planning target volume, PTV) in 2-4 fractions. Equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) was in the range of 50-100 Gy. Mean gross tumour volume (GTV) was 39 cm3 (2-436), and planning target volume was 101 cm3 (11-719). Overall response rate (CR, PR) was 61% (84/138). SD was noted in 36% (50/138). During a median follow-up period of 33 months (1-107), 16 (12%) local failures occurred, ten of which also included distant metastases. Local failure was associated with tumour size, target definition and central or pleura proximity. Distant metastases occurred in 25% (35/138) of the patients. Ninety-one (65%) patients died during follow-up of which 55 patients (60%) died of other causes than lung cancer. Three- and 5-year overall survival was 52 and 26% respectively. Lung cancer specific 3- and 5-year overall survival was 66 and 40% respectively. Fifty nine percent (83/138) of the patients had no side effects. Fourteen patients experienced grade 3-4 toxicity according to radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG). EQD2 (> v.s.<55.6 Gy) showed a statistically significant benefit survival for the higher doses. SBRT for stage I NSCLC results in favourable local control not inferior to fractionated RT and with acceptable toxicity.     

A phase I trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for liver metastases

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for liver metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A multicenter Phase I clinical trial was conducted. Eligible patients had one to three liver metastases, tumor diameter <6 cm, and adequate liver function. The first cohort received 36 Gy to the planning target volume (PTV) in three fractions (F). Subsequent cohorts received higher doses up to a chosen maximum of 60 Gy/3F. At least 700 mL of normal liver had to receive a total dose <15 Gy. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) included acute Grade 3 liver or intestinal toxicity or any acute Grade 4 toxicity. The MTD was exceeded if 2/6 patients in a cohort experienced DLT. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were enrolled (10 male, 8 female): median age, 55 years (range, 26-83 years); most common primary site, colorectal (6 patients); median aggregate gross tumor volume, 18 ml (range, 3-98 ml). Four patients had multiple tumors. No patient experienced a DLT, and dose was escalated to 60 Gy/3F without reaching MTD. CONCLUSIONS: Biologically potent doses of SBRT are well tolerated in patients with limited liver metastases. Results of this study form the basis for an ongoing Phase II SBRT study of 60 Gy over three fractions for liver metastases.     

MR加速器在肝脏肿瘤放疗中的临床应用北大核心CSCD

目的初步探讨MR加速器在肝脏肿瘤中的应用流程、疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2019—2021年15例采用MR加速器治疗的肝脏肿瘤患者的临床数据, 探讨肝脏肿瘤采用MR加速器治疗的流程, 分析患者肿瘤的图像识别率、疗效及不良反应。结果全组15例患者中肝细胞癌6例、结直肠癌肝转移8例、乳腺癌肝转移1例;肝内1个病灶10例、2个病灶4例、3个病灶1例;中位肿瘤最长径2.4 cm (0.8~9.8 cm)。MR加速器大体肿瘤体积(GTV)识别率达13/15, 2例患者GTV显示不清, 采用肿瘤周边大血管或胆管识别辅助仍可达精准配准。全组患者均接受体部立体定向放疗。肝细胞癌患者中位分割次数9次(5~10次), GTV或计划靶体积(PGTV)中位单次剂量6 Gy (5~10 Gy), 中位总剂量52 Gy (50~54 Gy), α/β=10的中位2 Gy等效剂量(EQD2Gy)为72 Gy (62.5~83.3 Gy)。肝转移瘤患者中位分割次数10次(5~10次), GTV或PGTV的中位单次剂量5 Gy (5~10 Gy), 中位总剂量50 Gy (40~50 Gy), α/β=5的中位EQD2Gy为71.4 Gy (71.4~107.1 Gy)。放疗后1个月野内总有效率8/13, 疾病控制率13/13, 放疗后3~6个月野内总有效率6/6。全组患者中位随访4.0个月(0.3~11.6个月), 4个月局部无进展生存、无进展生存和总生存分别为15/15、11/15和15/15。放疗不良反应轻微, 未见≥3级不良反应。结论 MR加速器对肝内肿瘤显示率高, 且可通过周边大血管或胆管的显示辅助精准配准, 在肝脏肿瘤的精准治疗上初步展现优势, 局部疗效肯定, 耐受性好。     

26例术后复发性胆管细胞癌射波刀SBRT疗效分析

目的 评价射波刀SBRT在复发性胆管细胞癌治疗中的效果及安全性。方法 回顾分析2010-2015年26例术后复发的胆管癌射波刀SBRT的患者,中位术后复发时间10个月,中位肿瘤直径为2.8 cm。中位处方剂量45 Gy,中位分割次数5次。基于增强CT或MRI评估肿瘤进展。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算OS、PFS及LC。使用CTCAE4.0版评估不良反应。结果 中位随访29.3个月,其中位OS和PFS分别为13.5个月和6.5个月,1、2年OS和PFS率分别为52%、21%和28%、15%。4例患者出现肿瘤原位进展。3例患者发生3级不良反应,包括1例胃肠道反应、1例肝功能减退、1例胆道感染;仅1例患者在晚期出现了≥4级消化道出血。结论 射波刀SBRT术后复发性胆管癌可获得较好的疗效且不良反应可耐受。