糙米-籽粒苋挤压米的制备研究

以糙米为主要原料,复配籽粒苋,通过双螺杆挤压机制备出糙米-籽粒苋挤压米。将套筒温度、螺杆转速、单甘酯添加量、籽粒苋添加量、水分添加量作为主要因素,以糊化度作为评价指标,研究制备出糙米-籽粒苋挤压米最佳的工艺参数。结果表明:螺杆转速130r/min、水分添加量19%、套筒温度50℃、单甘酯添加量0.1%、籽粒苋添加量10%条件下,制得的产品糊化度低,同普通大米一样具有一定的蒸煮性。通过快速黏度仪(RVA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等方法对产品品质进行检测。     

糙米籽粒苋脆片的敷料工艺研究

以蔗糖和蒸馏水为原料,研究糙米挤压脆片的甜味敷料配方;以食盐、孜然粉、五香粉、辣椒粉等为原料,研究糙米挤压脆片咸味敷料配方;以感官评价得分作为评价指标,进行了单因素和正交试验,从而确定糙米籽粒苋脆片甜味及咸味敷料的最佳工艺及配方。结果表明:糙米籽粒苋脆片甜味敷料配方为:10 g蔗糖:25 ml蒸馏水;咸味敷料配方为盐0.3 g、辣椒粉1.5 g、五香粉0.2 g、孜然粉0.1 g。制得的糙米籽粒苋脆片风味俱佳、口感爽脆。     

籽粒苋脆片的制备及品质研究

将糙米-籽粒苋挤压米、籼米-籽粒苋挤压米挤压成型,进行传送式烘烤。两种原料均设定烘烤温度为220℃,以烘烤时间为单因素,以感官评价为指标,得到制备的最佳工艺条件,并检测产品的营养成分、黏度特性、热处理过程中物理化学性质的变化及微观结构等,评价产品品质。     

籽粒苋在食品工业中的研究进展及前景

对籽粒苋的营养价值及国内外学者对其在食品工业中的应用研究进行了综述,从膳食纤维的提取与研究、检测等角度提出了由籽粒苋茎中提取膳食纤维的可能性,并初步分析了籽粒苋茎中膳食纤维的含量,期望能为今后膳食纤维的提取、籽粒苋的开发及其在食品中的应用奠定基础。     

双螺杆食品挤压机的应用与研究进展

双螺杆食品挤压机的应用日益广泛。本文介绍了双螺杆食品挤压机的应用、双螺杆食品挤压试验的系统分析模型、双螺杆食品挤压机挤压机理的研究进展。     

婴幼儿米粉选购常识

婴幼儿米粉是母乳或婴儿配方食品不能满足婴儿营养需要以及婴儿断奶期间，为补充婴幼儿营养的辅助食品。它是以大米为主要原料，以白砂糖、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、肉类等选择性配料，加入钙、磷、铁等矿物质及维生素等加工制成的婴幼儿补充食品。婴幼儿米粉的主要加工工艺为泡米、打浆、配料、均质、干燥、粉碎、包装等；另有挤压喷爆、粉碎、混合、包装的干法生产工艺。     

籽粒苋蛋白质功能特性的理论研究(II)—籽粒苋蛋白质发泡性的理论研究

采用碱性提取和等电点法分离出籽粒苋蛋白质 ,测定了不同浓度、pH值、离子强度、蔗糖浓度条件下的蛋白质发泡力和泡沫稳定性 ,探讨了籽粒苋蛋白质在不同条件下发泡性的变化规律 ,为籽粒苋蛋白质在食品加工中的应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

籽粒苋蛋白质功能特性的研究(I)——籽粒苋蛋白质乳化性、持水力的研究

采用碱性提取和等电点法分离出籽粒苋蛋白质,测定了不同浓度、pH值、离子强度、蔗糖浓度条件下的蛋白质乳化能力、乳化稳定性、持水力,探讨了籽粒苋蛋白质在不同条件下乳化性和持水力的变化规律,为籽粒苋蛋白质在食品加工中的应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

籽粒苋中微量元素成分分析及评价

籽粒苋是一种新型的一年生粮食作物,其营养价值极为丰富,高于一般的粮食作物 。籽粒苋中含有丰富的微量元素,铁、钾、钙、镁含量尤其高,是人类补钙补铁的优质食品。     

籽粒苋与大米混合料膨化产品的研究

以不同配比的籽粒苋和大米为原料，就双螺杆挤压式膨化机工艺参数的改变对该膨化产品性能的影响进行了研究。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

Focus on China's Paper Industry

In the English section of this issue, 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 will introduce ＂National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the ＇13th Five-Year Plan＇＂, ＂2013 Annual Report of China＇s Paper Industry＂, and news of projects and other policies.     

Listen to downstream & search for innovation

正Nowadays,textile enterprises are all taking efforts in transformation and upgrading,like improving producing capacity and optimizing production structure to face market downturn.It claimed a higher request to the standard of textile equipments.In the upcoming of ITMA ASIA+CITME 2014exhibition,this magazine have interviewed several branch associations and a series of relative enterprises,to summarize industrial developing status