水热法制备TiO_2/g-C_3N_4及其光催化性能

采用水热法合成了可见光响应的TiO_2/g-C_3N_4复合催化剂,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附-脱附(BET)法、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-vis DRS)、荧光光谱(PL)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对样品进行了表征。并以亚甲基蓝为降解对象,考察了在可见光条件下不同催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解能力。研究结果表明,锐钛矿型二氧化钛均匀地负载在石墨相氮化碳片层上,TiO_2/g-C_3N_4复合材料的光吸收带边扩展到470nm,具有优异的可见光催化效率,它对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解率达到99.0%。     

热处理温度对纳米TiO2粉体的晶相及光催化性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯Ti（OC4H9）4、冰醋酸、去离子水和无水乙醇为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制得纳米二氧化钛粉体，并用不同的温度对纳米二氧化钛粉体进行热处理，得到不同晶相的TiO2粉体。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和紫外可见光谱（UV／vis）对纳米二氧化钛粉体进行表征。结果表明，在500℃退火时，TiO2粉体中是单一的锐钛矿相结...     

烘干温度对氮掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂性能的影响

以Ti(SO4)2为原料,通过氨水水解法制备氮掺杂二氧化钛前驱体,煅烧前驱体制备氮掺杂纳米二氧化钛。用X射线衍射、紫外-可见吸收光谱、透射电镜、热重-差热分析和比表面等方法对制备的样品进行表征。以蓝色发光二极管为光源,用甲醛降解反应考察了光催化剂的活性。结果表明,制备的样品均为锐钛矿,氮掺杂使二氧化钛在可见光区的光吸收明显增强;低温烘干制备的催化剂相对高温烘干的具有较小的粒子尺寸和较大的比表面。烘干温度显著影响光催化性能,低温烘干的催化剂活性较高。     

晶粒尺寸可控的纳米二氧化钛的制备

采用微乳法和溶胶-凝胶法相结合的方法制备纳米二氧化钛,通过改变制备参数可以将纳米二氧化钛的晶粒尺寸控制在6~30 nm之间。采用X射线衍射、透射电镜等表征手段,对不同的制备条件与晶粒尺寸的关系进行研究。通过在可见光下对亚甲基蓝水溶液的降解测试其光催化活性。结果表明:补充结论纳米二氧化钛具有良好的光催化性能。     

溶胶-凝胶微波辅助水热处理合成纳米TiO2

以钛酸丁酯作为前躯体,采用溶胶-凝胶经微波加热水热处理制备纳米二氧化钛,通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）分析研究了微波加热相对于传统加热方法的优势,同时考察了pH和加热时间对二氧化钛晶型的影响。     

有机表面修饰温度对纳米二氧化钛微结构的影响

首先制备出纳米二氧化钛水分散液, 然后通过蒸馏的方法, 把纳米二氧化钛粒子由水分散液转移到溶有硬脂酸的甲苯溶液中, 以确保纳米二氧化钛在有机相中进行表面修饰. 然后升温到不同的温度, 利用硬脂酸对纳米二氧化钛进行有机表面修饰, 研究了有机表面修饰温度对纳米二氧化钛微结构的影响. 采用红外光谱(FT IR)、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、热分析(TG DTG)、X 射线粉末衍射（XRD）和透射电镜(TEM)等对有机表面修饰前后的纳米二氧化钛进行分析表征. 结果表明, 硬脂酸与纳米二氧化钛表面之间存在双齿配位方式的化学键作用, 硬脂酸在纳米二氧化钛表面形成了均匀的单分子化学修饰层. 随着表面修饰温度的升高, 纳米二氧化钛的晶粒逐渐长大, 硬脂酸在纳米二氧化钛表面的化学包覆量逐渐下降, 硬脂酸分子间排列更加紧密, 硬脂酸包覆层由1nm变为2～3nm. 表面修饰温度对硬脂酸与纳米二氧化钛表面的结合方式影响不大.     

TiO2/硅灰复合材料的制备及其光催化性能的研究

以钛酸四丁酯为主要原料,无水乙醇做溶剂,冰醋酸做抑制剂,盐酸做负催化剂,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了负载量不同的TiO2/硅灰复合纳米粒子。以甲基橙的降解为模型反应,评价了试样的光催化活性,并采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜等测试手段对其进行了性能表征。结果表明,以硅灰为载体,负载型二氧化钛催化剂较未负载二氧化钛催化剂有更高的光催化活性。     

CdS-K2La2Ti3-xAgxO10复合物及其光催化制氢的性能

采用硬脂酸法合成Ag掺杂的K2La2Ti3-xAgxO10复合催化剂,并通过微波辅助法进行酸交换、胺柱撑、离子交换以及硫化等步骤制备了CdS插层的K2La2Ti3-xAgxO10。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光致发光光谱(PL)等技术对催化剂进行表征,考察了催化剂的光催化制氢活性。结果表明,Ag离子掺杂和CdS插层的协同作用拓展了催化剂的可见光吸收范围,提高了光催化活性,催化剂在可见光照射3h的产氢量为3.27mmol/(g.cat)。     

N掺杂ZnIn_2S_4光催化剂的制备及可见光催化性能

采用水热法合成的ZnIn2S4作为前驱体,以尿素为氮源,制备了系列不同N掺杂量的N-ZnIn2S4光催化剂。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析技术对样品进行表征。考察了N掺杂量对催化剂的晶体结构和在可见光条件下催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)性能的影响。结果表明,N的掺入能够影响催化剂的晶体结构和形貌,提高催化剂在可见光范围内的吸收强度。N-ZnIn2S4降解MB的活性比ZnIn2S4明显提高,并且具有良好的催化稳定性。同时分析了N掺杂ZnIn2S4光催化活性提高的机理。     

氨基化碳量子点与二氧化钛复合催化性能研究

利用反应釜制备碳量子点并通过氨水和乙二胺使其表面氨基化,在水热反应条件下制备二氧化钛,然后将氨基化碳量子点与二氧化钛复合得到复合催化剂。氨基化碳量子点荧光强度增强;复合催化剂的荧光猝灭,可见光区吸收增强。在可见光的照射下单独的量子点和二氧化钛没有明显的催化作用,而复合催化剂加快了亚甲基蓝的降解。氨水修饰的碳量子点与二氧化钛复合能够在15 min内降解完亚甲基蓝,乙二胺修饰的碳量子点与二氧化钛复合只需要10 min,由此可见氨基化量子点与二氧化钛复合能够促进对可见光的利用。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.