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采用正交设计方法,试验研究了4种因素对溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响,确定了各因素所对应的最佳水平,得到了溶胶-凝胶法制备高光催化活性纳米TiO2的最佳工艺条件;且对最佳工艺条件制备的TiO2和商业粉P-25进行了XRD和UV-Vis吸收光谱分析.结果表明,自制的TiO2由纯锐钛矿组成,其平均晶粒尺寸为18.2 nm,比混晶型的P-25 TiO2晶粒尺寸(24.7 nm)要小.自制TiO2粉在330~370nm的紫外光区的吸收增强,在可见光区的吸收也较P-25有所增强.两者都有利于光催化活性的提高,使得光催化降解甲基橙的活性与P-25相当. 相似文献
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《化工新型材料》2015,(7)
以四氯化钛为钛源,在酸化凹凸棒石(HATP)的诱导作用下,采用低温水解-结晶的方法制备了海胆状混晶型二氧化钛光催化材料,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)手段对其表征,考察了酸改性凹凸棒石的不同添加量对二氧化钛微观结构和形貌的影响。结果表明:当二氧化钛与酸改性凹凸棒石的质量比为0.7∶1时,得到海胆状混晶型二氧化钛,每一个海胆状二氧化钛都是以纳米球为核,表面呈放射状生长的纳米针组成,晶粒尺寸约100nm,纳米针直径2~5nm。通过Fourier红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表明酸改性凹凸棒石表面基团影响着二氧化钛的结晶生长过程。此外,海胆状混晶型二氧化钛在紫外光下对罗丹明B具有较好的光催化降解效果,80min后去除率达95.7%。 相似文献
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以聚乙二醇(PEG)为软模板剂,采用一步水热法合成了具有异质结构的铜–二氧化钛复合纳米粒子.利用X射线衍射谱(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分别对制备材料的相组成、微观结构进行了研究.结果表明,一步水热法制备的异质纳米粒子由单一立方相铜和锐钛矿相二氧化钛组成.高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)在单一粒子中观测到清晰的铜(101)和二氧化钛(111)晶面构成的界面.该界面有助于二氧化钛光生电子–空穴对的分离.同时,所制备纳米粒子的颗粒尺寸和光吸收特性可以通过改变PEG分子链长进行微调.本研究还对水热过程的反应机理进行了讨论,结果表明:PEG与铜氨络合物通过氢键连接,其链长对于粒子尺寸的影响在于PEG对Cu颗粒的尺寸进行的调节,而此过程中二氧化钛的晶粒尺寸并无明显变化.紫外–可见吸收光谱表明该异质纳米粒子与普通二氧化钛纳米粉体相比,对可见光区光谱有较为强烈的吸收.该界面纳米材料是一种有潜在应用价值的光催化材料和太阳能电池材料. 相似文献
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研究了晶粒粒径相近的金红石相、锐钛矿相和混晶纳米二氧化钛对苯胺、甲萘胺和邻氯苯胺3种物质的光催化降解。结果表明,晶粒粒径相近的金红石相和锐钛矿相二氧化钛纳米粒子对胺类化合物的光催化效果相近,特别是在反应的开始阶段,两者的差异很小;随着反应时间的增加,金红石相纳米二氧化钛的催化能力稍优于锐钛矿相纳米二氧化钛。成分不同的混晶的催化能力相差较大,随着混晶中的金红石相含量增加,催化剂的催化效果有了显著的提高。实验中还发现,不同的催化剂对苯胺、甲萘胺和邻氯苯胺3种物质同时催化过程中,3种有机物降解程度的顺序均为甲萘胺>邻氯苯胺>苯胺。 相似文献
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Gujar TP Anand C Shinde VR Ye J Ariga K Vinu A 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2010,10(12):8124-8129
Mesoporous TiO2 powder materials with a high crystallinity have been prepared by evaporation induced self assembly (EISA) process using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and pluronic P123 surfactant (EO20PO70EO20) as titanium source and structure-directing reagent, respectively. The prepared materials were characterized by low and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical absorption, and N2 adsorption-desorption experiments. The crystallinity of the materials was controlled by varying the calcination temperature. The resulting TiO2 materials showed highly crystalline structure with uniform particle size which increases from 11.8 to 23.8 nm with increasing the calcination temperature from 400 to 600 degrees C, respectively, whereas the specific surface area decreases from 125 to 40 m2/g. TEM and XRD results revealed that the calcination temperature of 600 degrees C is the best condition to obtain highly crystalline mesoporous TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 mesoporous materials with different crystallinity and textural parameters has been studied in the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye molecules under visible light irradiation. Among the mesoporous TiO2 materials studied, the material with the highest crystallinity, prepared at 600 degrees C, showed the best photocatalytic performance in the decomposition of MB under visible light in a short time. 相似文献
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为了研究双微乳液法在制备纳米级光催化剂的应用,以TiCl4和NH3.H2O为原料,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-正丁醇-环己烷-水微乳体系制备Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO2,对粉末的晶体结构进行X射线衍射表征,并以其对p-甲酚的降解考察其光催化活性。结果表明,在较小的掺杂量时,Fe3+掺杂量的提高可以提高TiO2的光催化活性,进一步提高掺杂量将引起光催化活性的降低;掺杂Fe3+可导致纳米TiO2的粒径减小;Fe3+的半径较小以及Fe2O3的熔点较低均有利于TiO2从锐钛矿向金红石的相变;当Fe3+掺杂摩尔分数为0.06%,煅烧温度为550℃时,纳米TiO2的光催化活性最高,此时形成TiO2的锐钛矿和金红石相的混晶;乳液中含水量也会影响晶相的组成和粒径大小,随着含水量增加产物中出现了一定比例的金红石相。 相似文献
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Van HU Chunwei YUAN 《材料科学技术学报》2006,22(2):239-244
Anatase TiO2 sol was synthesized under mild conditions (75℃ and ambient pressure) by hydrolysis of titaniumn-butoxide in abundant acidic aqueous solution and subsequent reflux to enhance crystallization. At room temperature and in ambient atmosphere, crystalline TiO2 thin films were deposited on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), SiO2-coated PMMA and SiO2-coated silicone rubber substrates from the as-prepared TiO2 sol by a dip-coating process. SiO2 layers prior to TiO2 thin films on polymer substrates could not only protect the substrates from the photocatalytic decomposition of the TiO2 thin films but also enhance the adhesion of the TiO2 thin films to the substrates. Field-emission type scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) investigations revealed that the average particle sizes of the nanoparticles composing the TiO2 thin films were about 35-47 nm. The TiO2 thin films exhibited high photocatalytic activities in the degradation of reactive brilliant red dye X-3B in aqueous solution under aerated conditions. The preparation process of photocatalytic TiO2 thin films on the polymer substrates was quite simple and a low temperature route. 相似文献