2型糖尿病并非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者血清游离脂肪酸和细胞角蛋白18的表达

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)并非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)和细胞角蛋白18(CK 18)的表达及其影响?方法:T2DM患者40例,T2DM并NAFLD患者40例,健康对照组20例?体格检查,测定静脉血空腹血糖(FPG)?胆固醇(TC)?甘油三酯(TG)? 丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)?天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)? γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)?糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)?胰岛素(FINS)以及血清FFA和CK18,并行肝脏B超检查?结果:① T2DM组的体质指数(BMI)?FPG?FINS?A1C水平和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义;TC?TG?ALT?AST?GGT水平差异无统计学意义?T2DM并NAFLD患者的BMI?FPG?FINS?TC?TG?ALT?AST?GGT水平和HOMA-IR均显著高于T2DM患者,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001);② T2DM组与正常对照组相比,FFA水平明显增高,差异有统计学意义,CK18水平差异无统计学意义?而T2DM并NAFLD组FFA和CK18水平均高于正常对照组和T2DM组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001)?结论:与T2DM相比,T2DM并NAFLD患者胰岛素抵抗?代谢紊乱更加显著,肝细胞的凋亡增加,对于进一步研究T2DM并NAFLD的发病机制具有重要的意义?     

利拉鲁肽对初诊肥胖2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效观察

目的观察利拉鲁肽对初诊肥胖2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的疗效。方法选取新诊断的30例肥胖2型糖尿病合并NAFLD患者,采用自身前后对照,给予利拉鲁肽治疗12周,对治疗前后的体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)进行比较。结果患者体质量、BMI、腰围、FPG、2 h PG、HbA1c、ALT、AST、GGT均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗过程中未观察到严重不良反应。结论利拉鲁肽治疗初诊肥胖2型糖尿病合并NAFLD患者能够有效控制血糖,降低体质量,改善肝功能。     

碳水化合物计数法对糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝患者的疗效观察

目的 探讨碳水化合物计数法对2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)患者的疗效。 方法 2014年12月—2016年12月，选取浙江医院门诊和中美糖尿病中心收治的仅口服常规药物治疗的T2DM合并NAFLD的患者共128例，采用随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组，其中，实验组65例，对照组63例。实验组实行碳水化合物计数法(包括对患者进行饮食宣教并指导患者如何管理饮食并根据碳水化合物交换份表配制标准化糖尿病套餐)，对照组实行普通饮食干预。干预6个月，每周随访1次，测定干预前后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)等生化指标以及身高、体重、体质量指数(BMI)等人体测量指标，并统计和比较2组患者干预后肝功能恢复情况。 结果 实验组经碳水化合物计数法干预后，患者的FPG、餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c、TG、LDL-C较干预前显著降低(均P<0.05)，TC、HDL-C干预前后比较差异没有统计学意义；对照组上述生化指标干预前后差异均没有统计学意义；干预后，实验组FPG、餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c、TG、LDL-C显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。干预后，实验组和对照组患者的ALT、AST较干预前显著降低，且实验组ALT、AST显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)；实验组肝功能恢复情况显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 该碳水化合物计数法饮食干预可以明显改善T2DM合并NAFLD患者的血糖、血脂水平，并可以改善其肝功能。      

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝检测同型半胱氨酸的临床价值

目的探讨分析2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝检测同型半胱氨酸的临床价值。方法选取2017年5月至2019年5月收治的30例2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝患者为A组,30例单纯2型糖尿病患者为B组,30例单纯非酒精性脂肪肝患者为C组,30例健康人群为D组,比较四组血压(收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、肝功能(ALT(谷丙转氨酶)、AST(谷草转氨酶)、GGT(谷氨酰转移酶))、血糖指标(FBG(空腹血糖)、HbA1C(糖化血红蛋白))、血脂指标(TG(总胆固醇)、TC(三酰甘油)、LDL-C(高密度脂蛋白胆固醇)、HDL-C(低密度脂蛋白胆固醇))、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)指标水平。结果四组患者性别、年龄、血压(SBP、DBP)差异无统计学意义(P0.05),四组患者HDL-C水平无统计学差异(P0.05),A、B、C组TG、TC、LDL-C水平显著高于D组,A、C组A、B组TG、TC、LDL-C水平显著高于B组,FPG、HbA1c水平显著高于C、D组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),而A、B、C组TG、TC、LDL-C水平无统计学差异(P0.05),A、B组之间、C、D组之间FPG、HbA1c水平无统计学差异(P0.05),A、C组ALT、AST、GGT、Hcy水平显著高于B、D组,且B组Hcy水平显著高于D组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),而A、C组之间、B、D组之间ALT、AST、GGT水平无统计学差异(P0.05),且A、C组之间Hcy水平无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝与患者脂代谢紊乱、高脂血症等密切相关,与脂肪肝的发生相关性显著,且Hcy水平与单纯2型糖尿病差别显著,提高2型糖尿病患者合并非酒精性脂肪肝的早期诊断准确率,准确与单纯2型糖尿病患者区别开,并且早期可纠正2型糖尿病的Hcy水平,降低并发非酒精性脂肪肝的风险。     

中青年男性非酒精性脂肪肝与颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关分析

目的 非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)和动脉粥样硬化(AS)同为脂质代谢异常的结果,颈动脉内中膜厚度(CIMT)可作为反映早期全身动脉粥样硬化的指标.本研究探讨中青年男性NAFLD与CIMT的相关性.方法 选取体检的20～ 50岁中青年男性为研究对象,分为NAFLD组(34例)和正常对照组(32例).测量人体基本参数和空腹血糖(FPG)、血甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)和胰岛素(INS)等代谢相关指标,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).应用彩色超声仪检测NAFLD与CIMT.结果 NAFLD组体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、TG、TC、LDL-C、ALT、GGT、INS、HOMA-IR及CIMT均高于对照组,HDL低于对照组,FPG、AST比较差异无显著性.多因素logistic回归分析显示,BMI、LDL和HOMA-IR是NAFLD的独立危险因素.对多元线性回归分析显示,BMI、TG和HOMA-IR是CIMT的独立危险因素.结论 中青年男性NAFLD与CIMT密切相关,对已存在NAFLD的中青年男性应早期预防、诊治动脉粥样硬化.     

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者的血内皮素-1水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者的内皮素-1(ET-1)与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的相关性.方法 将99例T2DM患者分为单纯糖尿病组(A组)51例,合并NAFLD组(B组)48例,分别测定身高、体重、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP),抽空腹血检查内皮素-1(ET-1)、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白A1c(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT).并计算体重指数(BMI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素作用指数(IAI)及定量胰岛素敏感性指数(QUICKI).结果 B组的体重、BMI、FINS、HOMA-IR、ET-1、SBP、DBP、ALT、AST、GGT均明显高于A组(P＜0.05),IAI、QUICKI明显低于A组(P＜0.05).两组之间年龄、HbA1 c、FPG、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C差异无统计学意义.Pearson相关分析结果显示,ET-1与体重、BMI、FINS、HOMA-IR呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),与IAI、QUICKI呈显著负相关(P＜0.01).结论 T2DM合并NAFLD患者ET-1水平升高,IR程度明显加重.因此,T2DM合并NAFLD患者更需及早进行内皮功能障碍与IR干预,预防动脉粥样硬化的发生.     

水飞蓟宾联合阿托伐他汀治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病临床观察研究

目的 探讨水飞蓟宾联合阿托伐他汀钙片治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)疗效.方法 选取2015年1月至2017年1月间该院的200例NAFLD门诊患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法把入选病例分为试验组(水飞蓟宾联合阿托伐他汀钙片)和对照组(水飞蓟宾),每组100例.观察治疗3个月,比较两组患者的临床疗效、肝功能指标及血脂水平变化情况.结果 试验组(91.0％)总有效率明显高于对照组(79.0％),比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组患者的天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均比治疗前降低(P＜0.05),且试验组患者血清AST、ALT、ALP、GGT、TG、TC、LDL-C水平比对照组降低更为明显(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)水平与治疗前相比均无明显变化(P＞0.05).治疗后,两组患者肝酶异常、横纹肌溶解与胃肠道症状等不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 水飞蓟宾联合阿托伐他汀钙片治疗NAFLD临床疗效较好.     

多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合还原型谷胱甘肽治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的效果

目的:观察多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合还原型谷胱甘肽治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的效果。方法:选取78例NAFLD患者作为研究对象,采用抽签法将其分为对照组和观察组各39例。对照组采用多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用还原型谷胱甘肽治疗。对比两组疗效、治疗前后的BMI、肝功能[谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)]、血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]水平。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为94.87%(37/39),明显高于对照组的71.79%(28/39),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后的AST、ALT、TBIL、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均明显低于对照组,HDL-C水平明显高于对照组,BMI明显小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合还原型谷胱甘肽治疗NAFLD的效果优于单用多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊的治疗效果。     

视黄醇结合蛋白与非酒精性脂肪肝的相关性研究

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)与血清视黄素结合蛋白4(RBP4)水平的相关性。方法选取2012年1月12月在北京小汤山医院健康体检的人员中随机选取68例NAFLD作为观察组,并随机选取同期健康体检人员中非NAFLD者65例为对照组,比较两组生化指标、血压以及体质量指数(BMI)的差异;采用双变量相关性分析RBP4与收缩压、舒张压、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂胆固醇(HDL-C)等指标的相关性;采用Logistic线性回归分析对RBP4与NAFLD的相关性进行分析。结果观察组BMI、TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、GGT、RBP4显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而HDL-C水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者间收缩压、舒张压,FBG比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);经双变量相关性分析可知,RBP4水平与BMI、TC、LDL-C、GGT、ALT呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关,且与GGT、TC、ALT具有密切相关性(P<0.05);经Logistic线性回归分析发现,RBP4与NAFLD呈正相关且是NAFLD唯一的独立变量因子。结论血清RBP4与NAFLD具有密切相关性,可作为检测、判断NAFLD的重要指标。     

健肝消脂颗粒对非酒精性脂肪肝胰岛素抵抗的影响研究

目的主要研究健肝消脂颗粒治疗NAFLD胰岛素抵抗的疗效。方法将患者分为治疗组与对照组,观察分析两者IR,ALT、AST、GGT,TG、TC、LDL-C,WC、BW、BMI的改善情况。结果1．两组IRI变化程度的差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,治疗组显著优于对照组。2．两组ALT、AST、GGT下降的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。3．两组TG、TC下降的差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,LDL-C下降的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,治疗组显著优于对照组。4．两组WC下降的差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）,BW下降的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,BMI下降的差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,治疗组优于对照组。结论健肝消脂颗粒可以有效治疗NAFLD,可以改善其IR,可以降低ALT、AST、GGT,TG、TC,WC、BMI水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.