房室结折返性心动过速射频消融后的电生理改变与复发率的关系

目的：探讨房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）射频消融术后的电生理改变及不同手术终点与复发率的关系。　方法：本组５６ 例ＡＶＮＲＴ患者慢径消融前、后作各项电生理参数测定,并随访观察远期疗效。　结果：３８ 例慢径消失者（Ａ组）无一例复发,残存慢径１２ 例（Ｂ组）有一例复发（８．３３％ ）,残存慢径有１～２ 个心房回波者６例（Ｃ组）有２例复发（３３．３％ ）。５３ 例无复发者消融前后的房室束最大值（Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ ）分别为（２８０±２７）和（１９６±５６）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＜０．０１）,快径不应期分别为（３３０±４４）和（２８７±３１）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。而３ 例复发者消融前、后的Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ分别为（２８７±３１）和（２６２±３８）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）,快径不应期分别为（３２４±３８）和（３１３±２８）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。　结论：ＡＶＮＲＴ的复发与慢径残存和Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ 及快径不应期无明显改变有关。     

射频消融房室结慢径治疗室上性心动过速

２６例室上性心动过速（ＳＶＴ）采用导管射频消融（ＲＦＣＡ）房室结（ＡＶＮ）慢径治疗。２６例均为慢快型房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ），其中１例合并Ⅰ型心房扑动（ＡＦ），１例合并房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）。结果全部成功，无并发症出现，随访１～２０月无复发。结论：经导管ＲＦＣＡ房室结慢径是治疗ＡＶＮＲＴ首选的非药物根治方法，采用下位法定位简单、成功率高、复发率低。ＡＶＮＲＴ合并Ⅰ型ＡＦ者根治ＡＶＮＲＴ后ＡＦ同时也可能得到根治。     

房室结改良术终点、快径传导功能与 复发率三者关系的回顾性研究

探讨射频消融（ｒａｄｉｏｆｒｅｑｅｎｃｙ　　ｃａｔｈｅｔｅｒ　ａｂｌａｔｉｏｎ,　ＲＦＣＡ）房室结慢径终点、快径前向传导功能与心动 过速复发率的关系。方法：对７６例经系统电生理检查、ＲＦＣＡ证实为房室结折返性心动过速（ａｔｒｉｏｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒ ｔａｃｈｙ－ ｃａｒｄｉａ,ＡＶＮＲＴ）的患者根据消融终点分为三组：①Ａ组,为４４例慢径消融后慢径完全消失病人;②Ｂ组,为１７例慢 径消融后慢径尚残存,但无心房回波病人;③Ｃ组,为１５例慢径消融后慢径残存且有心房回波病人。对以上三组 病人进行回顾性研究,探讨慢径消融终点、房室结快径传导功能及复发率三者关系。结果：①Ａ组和Ｂ组,慢径 消融后其快径前传功能不应期和有效不应期明显缩短,随访期间无心动过速发作;②Ｃ组,慢径消融后其快径前 传功能不应期和有效不应期缩短不明显,随访期间有５例复发心动过速。结论：房室结双径路是彼此关联的两 条径路,功能慢径的存在可能在一定程度上抑制快径的传导功能;ＡＶＮＲＴ慢径消融最好达到慢径消失,若慢径残 存,亦应消融到无心房回波和快径传导功能明显改善。     

导管射频消融治疗房室结折返型心动过速

目的 对３４例房室结折返型心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）患者施行射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）。方法 采用解剖定位和标测定位相结合的方法，应用下位法和（或）后位消融慢径。结果 ３２例ＡＶＮＲＴ被根治，成功率９４．１％，。随访０．５￣５年，１例复发，再次ＲＦＣＡ成功，结论 ＲＦＣＡ是治疗ＡＶＮＲＴ的有效方法，安全可靠。     

房室结折返性心动过速的电生理特点及其射频消融

目的：本文报道射频消融（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗２３例房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）的经验和结果，并对ＡＶＮＲＴ的电生理特点及射频治疗ＡＶＮＲＴ的方法学进行探讨。方法：本研究男性１０例，女性１３例，电生理检查证实为慢－快型ＡＶＮ－ＲＴ者２１例，快－慢型ＡＶＮＲＴ者２例。均在ＤＳＡ下采用下位法消融慢征，以放电初始出现交界区性心律作为成功靶点标志，以心内电刺激加异丙肾上腺素激发试验不能再诱发出ＡＶＮＲＴ作为其ＲＦＣＡ治疗终点。结果：２０例获成功，３例未成功者中有１例因术中发作房颤而另１例因靶点太靠近希氏束而被迫放弃治疗。结论：本文结果表明，下位法消融慢征作房室结改良术治疗ＡＶＮＲＴ是一种安全有效的方法     

逆向型房室结双径路的电生理特征

目的：研究逆向型房室结双径路的电生理特征。方法：对１５０例房室结双径路伴房室结折返性心动过速患者行常规高右房递增起搏（Ｓ１Ｓ１）及程序刺激（Ｓ１Ｓ２）和右心室心尖部递增起搏及程序刺激。结果：１８例（１２％）出现逆向型房室结双径路，右室Ｓ１Ｓ１起搏时发生经慢径逆传的Ｓ１Ｓ１周长为（４３０±５７）ｍｓ，快、慢径逆传的Ｖ－Ａ值差为（１５０±５６）ｍｓ，右室Ｓ１Ｓ２刺激发生快、慢径跳跃时Ｓ１Ｓ２间期为（３３０±５８）ｍｓ，Ｖ－Ａ值延长（１７０±６５）ｍｓ。当心室激动经快径逆传时ＨＢＥ上的Ａ波较ＣＳｐ上Ａ波早（２０±９）ｍｓ，经慢径逆传时ＣＳｐ上Ａ波较ＨＢＥ上Ａ波早（１０±９）ｍｓ。其中１６例激动经慢径逆传时仅能逆传１～２个心室激动就发生阻滞，仅２例在右室Ｓ１Ｓ１刺激时可持续经慢径逆传。所有１８例均可见逆向型房室结折返性心室回波。１８例中，１４例发生慢－快型房室结折返性心动过速，２例发生慢－慢型房室结折返性心动过速，仅２例为典型的快－慢型房室结折返性心动过速。结论：房室结双径路患者的房室结内慢径虽有逆传功能，但绝大多数病例慢径的逆传功能脆弱，慢径有逆传功能并不意味着就能发生快－慢型房室结折返性心动过速     

房室结折返性心动过速的电生理特点及其射频消融

目的：本文报道射频消融（ＲＥＣＡ）治疗２３例房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）的经验和结果，并对ＡＶＮＲＴ的电生理特点及射频治疗ＡＶＮＲＴ的方法学进行探讨。方法：本研究男性１０例，女性１３例，电生理检查证实为慢－快型ＡＶＮＲＴ者２１例，快－慢ＡＶＮＲＴ者２例。均在ＤＳＡ下采用下位法消融慢征，以放民初始出现交界区性心律失作为成功靶点标志以人电刺激加异丙肾上腺素激发试验不能再诱发出ＡＶＮＲＴ作为其ＲＦ     

中间隔法射频消融慢径路治疗房室结折返性心动过速

射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）已成为房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）和房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）安全而有效的根治方法。房室结双径路的射频消融,从过去的快径路改良到目前提倡的慢径路改良,以达到安全有效的目的。作者报告２５例ＡＶＮＲＴ的ＲＦＣＡ结果,并对其消融方法及消融终点进行讨论。１　资料和方法１．１　一般资料　本组２５例患者中男８例,女１７例。年龄１５～６０岁,平均年龄（３５±２０）岁。发作时心电图呈窄ＱＲＳ心动过速,频率１５０～２２０次·ｍｉｎ１。常规检查未发现器质性心脏病。１．２　方法　经…     

射频消融慢径治疗房室结折返性心动过速80例回顾分析

房室结折返性心动过速 (ＡＶＮＲＴ)消融慢径严重并发症为完全性房室阻滞 ,发生率为 0 %～ 3 % ,多发生于消融过程中[1 ] 。ＡＶＮＲＴ消融慢径的终点是否以彻底阻断慢径传导为指标 ,尚有分歧[1 ,2 ] ,本文回顾性分析慢径消融终点与复发率的关系及房室传导阻滞发生的相关因素。1　资料与方法1 .1　病例资料　 1 996年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 3月接受射频消融的ＡＶＮＲＴ病人 80例 ,其中慢 快型 77例 ,快 慢型 3例。男 43例 ,女 3 7例。年龄 47.5± 1 5 .2(1 4～ 6 5 )岁。阵发性心动过速病史 1 7.6± 5 .4年 ,5例合并冠心病。1 .2　消融方法　…     

小影像Koch三角病人房室结折返性心动过速的射频消融

对于绝大部分房室结折返性心动过速 (ａｔｒｉｏｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒｎｏｄａｌｒｅｅｎｔｒｙｔａｃｈｙｃａｒ ｄｉａ ,ＡＶＮＲＴ)病人 ,依照常规的“下位法”或“后位法”标测消融慢径 ,不难获得理想的消融终点 ,即慢径传导消除 ,房室传导跳跃现象消失 ,ＡＶＮＲＴ不能诱发[1-4] 。然而 ,对于ＡＶＮＲＴ病人 ,如何防止和避免手术相关的房室传导阻滞(ａｔｒｉｏｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒｂｌｏｃｋ ,ＡＶＢ)却是一个始终需要提高警惕的问题 ,特别是对于某些因解剖异常或结构变异使影像Ｋｏｃｈ三角相对狭小的ＡＶＮＲＴ病人 ,射频消融时…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.