碳中和背景下配电网差异化节能降耗潜力评估分

为了提高配电网差异化节能降耗效果，解决现有潜力评估方法存在的应用性能差的问题，提出碳中和背景下配电网差异化节能降耗潜力优化评估方法。根据配电网的空间结构，构建相应的等值电路模型。在该模型下，从设备损耗和运行附加损耗2个方面计算配电网的损耗量。根据损耗量计算结果，确定配电网差异化碳中和节能降耗方式。从静态和动态2个角度设置潜力评估指标，通过指标数据处理、指标权重求解等步骤，得出配电网差异化节能降耗潜力的综合量化评估结果。将设计潜力评估方法应用到配电网的差异化节能降耗改造工作中，能够有效降低配电网的实际线损量、降低区域损耗费用，并具有较高的应用价值。     

Co-precipitation synthesis of ZnAl2O4: Cr3+ phosphor for better light penetration in pc-LED

Cr doped ZnAl₂O₄ spinel samples were prepared by the traditional solid state reaction and co-precipitation synthetic route, and the results suggest that the co-precipitation method has some superiority in contrast to the solid state reaction method. XRD, FT-IR, and XPS spectra confirmed that the well-crystallized spinel cubic phase of ZnAl₂O₄: Cr³⁺ samples were successfully formed. The morphology of the samples was investigated by FE-SEM and FE-TEM, and the results show that the samples by the co-precipitation route can generate a smaller size of particles compared to the solid state reaction. Photoluminescence excitation spectra monitored at 686 nm are comprised of two broad excitation bands near 530 nm and 395 nm, and the emission spectra show emissions ranging from 640 to 780 nm, due to the ²E?→?⁴A₂ spin-forbidden transition of Cr³⁺ ions in spinel lattices. The optimized concentration monitored at 686 nm is 1%, while at 693 nm is 3.5%. Compared with the samples by solid state reaction method, the samples by co-precipitation method show preferable luminescent properties, such as the higher photoluminescence intensity and higher quantum efficiency. Several phosphor-converted LEDs were to investigate the applicability of the prepared samples. The results confirm that the phosphor has potential applications in plant growth and supplementing the red region in white-LEDs and the phosphors prepared by co-precipitation are more suitable to be used in phosphor-converted LED devices due to their preferable luminescent properties.

     

Characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of porcine skin gelatin affected by thermal action

Thermal action in extraction process had effects on characteristic tryptic peptides identification and gelling properties of porcine gelatin. SDS-PAGE, HPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, texture analyser and rheometer were used to evaluate collagen depolymerisation degree, characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of gelatins prepared in various thermal actions. Results showed that with increasing temperature and time, depolymerisation degree enlarged, while gel strength, gelling and melting temperature decreased. Mass spectra showed that 47 and 49 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in gelatins extracted at 50 °C and 100 °C with various times, respectively. Moreover, 34 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in all gelatin samples. Further comparison between this work and our previous investigations yielded 20 common characteristic tryptic peptides, which stably exist in various thermal actions. These common characteristic tryptic peptides may be very helpful for the accurate authentication of porcine gelatin.     

新型防屈曲高强钢腹板可更换钢连梁抗震性能研究

文章率先提出一种新型防屈曲高强钢腹板可更换钢连梁(简称“新型钢连梁”)：腹板采用高强钢，可提高钢连梁的屈服抗剪强度，连梁变形减小，从而减小可更换结构整体变形，便于更换；加劲肋紧贴腹板(但不焊接)提供约束，仅与上下翼缘焊接，可减少60%以上的焊接量。其次，设计并开展了11个试件的拟静力试验，研究了加劲肋间距(规范限值dmax、0.85dmax)、腹板厚度(6mm、8mm)、腹板钢材强度(Q460、Q550)和构造形式(加劲肋与腹板贴紧或焊接)等参数对新型钢连梁抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明：试件均发生剪切破坏；满足加劲肋间距限值的新型钢连梁，滞回曲线饱满，峰值时腹板未发生鼓曲且极限转角均超过0.1rad，大于规范限值0.08rad，表现出良好的耗能和变形能力；缩小加劲肋间距、增加腹板厚度或提高腹板钢材强度，新型钢连梁刚度及承载力提高；新型钢连梁峰值承载力较传统构造试件低约5%。最后，基于试验结果建立了有限元模型并开展了分析，研究结果表明：对腹板采用Q460、Q550高强钢材的新型钢连梁，峰值承载力计算时超强系数建议取1.43(长度比为0.5～1.0)或1.39(长度比为1.0～1.6)、1.25，以期为实际工程设计提供依据。     

A high-throughput chaotic advection microreactor for preparation of uniform and aggregated barium sulfate nanoparticles

A high-throughput (105.5 g/h) passive four-stage asymmetric oscillating feedback microreactor using chaotic mixing mechanism was developed to prepare aggregated Barium sulfate (BaSO₄) particles of high primary nanoparticle size uniformity. Three-dimensional unsteady simulations showed that chaotic mixing could be induced by three unique secondary flows (i.e., vortex, recirculation, and oscillation), and the fluid oscillation mechanism was examined in detail. Simulations and Villermaux–Dushman experiments indicate that almost complete mixing down to molecular level can be achieved and the prepared BaSO₄ nanoparticles were with narrow primary particle size distribution (PSD) having geometric standard deviation, σ_g, less than 1.43 when the total volumetric flow rate Q_total was larger than 10 ml/min. By selecting Q_total and reactant concentrations, average primary particle size can be controlled from 23 to 109 nm as determined by microscopy. An average size of 26 nm with narrow primary PSD (σ_g = 1.22) could be achieved at Q_total of 160 ml/min.     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中依克多因的含量

建立高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中依克多因的分析方法,采用Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C₁₈色谱柱（100 mm×3.0 mm,2.7μm）分离,以甲醇和p H为3.0的40 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠-10 mmol/L 1-庚烷磺酸钠缓冲溶液梯度洗脱,流速0.8 m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长210 nm。采用外标法定量测定化妆品中的依克多因含量。结果表明,依克多因在5～800 mg/L的质量浓度范围内呈现良好线性关系,相关系数为0.999 8,方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.3和1.0 mg/L。该方法具有分离效率高、分析时间短、节省溶剂等优点,解决了依克多因在C₁₈色谱柱上保留弱的问题。     

纯净美妆产品的设计理念

以消费者、行业专家、各品牌商以及全球各个美妆相关行业对纯净美妆的认识为依据,从配方设计、关键的原料筛选、生产过程、包材选择以及测试评估等方面,对如何实现纯净美妆产品进行了较为详细的阐述,无疑为纯净美妆的标准建立和定义提供很好的参考.