一种基于交互式遗传算法的图书经费分配群决策模型

提出一种基于交互式遗传算法的大学图书馆藏书建设中图书采购经费分配群决策系统模型,通过人工智能技术把定性决策与定量决策结合起来,解决文献经费分配决策中优化目标非定量化、难以较高效率获得专家群体意见共识的问题。模拟实验反映出该模型能以较高效率达成专家群体意见共识。     

图书供应商的混合型多人多准则多层次评价

针对图书馆图书供应商选择由多个专家根据多个指标进行决策的特点,考虑每个指标下的决策者权重,建立一种混合型多准则多层次群决策模型。首先,对各决策者以数值进行评价的定量指标,用线性加权和法求得决策群体对供应商的排序;然后,对定性指标,以逼近群体理想解法集结各决策者的序数偏好得到供应商的群体排序;最后,考虑各指标权重,用逼近群体理想解法求得供应商的最终排序结果,并以算例说明本方法的应用。本研究考虑多种偏好形式同时存在且具有多级指标的情形,定性与定量结合,为供应商选择提供群决策方法支持,可提高其科学性和有效性。     

一种基于范畴论的应急决策概念建模方法

向决策者提供高可靠性的领域知识是辅助应急决策的一项重要内容.基于应急问题情境,将应急政策文档中的片断性知识进行重组是实现这种可靠性的重要手段.同时,实现这种可靠性需要较高的知识处理精度,也就离不开具有完备语义信息和有效复杂性控制的领域概念模型.范畴论与定型范畴论是知识管理领域的数学基础和形式化描述语言,具有较强复杂关系处理、语义处理和知识可视化的能力.基于范畴论与定型范畴论,从概念模型中的关系定型和复合角度,提出一种辅助应急决策知识供给的概念建模方法(CCM).该方法定义具有范畴化结构特性的知识片断,从范畴论的关系复合约束角度来建立分布式概念模型,降低概念模型的复杂程度,减少由于关系约简所造成的信息缺失.     

面向决策的档案知识库构建研究

[目的/意义]构建面向决策的档案知识库可以深层次开发利用档案,发挥档案知识价值效用,深化档案的资政服务作用。[方法/过程]分析档案知识库构建的理念、原则和目标,将档案知识库的构建过程划分为知识单元的准备、知识单元的描述与揭示、知识单元的再组织以及知识单元的评价和存储等4个阶段。[结果/结论]最终提出档案知识库系统的系统结构,详细解释该结构的4个关键组成部分以及档案知识库的6个功能模块。     

国内外图书馆嵌入式服务实践进展

泛在知识环境下,嵌入用户教育环境、融入科研人员/科研团队的研究过程、深入政府机构、企事业单位的决策过程,已经成为图书馆学科服务变革的方向。国内外图书馆嵌入式服务的实践进展,主要表现为嵌入专业课程课堂教学和嵌入网络教学平台开展嵌入式信息素养教育,融入教师/科研人员以及学生的研究过程,提供嵌入式科学研究服务,并面向政府机构、企业单位为他们提供辅助决策服务。     

以用户信息需求为中心的学科情报定题服务

阐述以用户信息需求为中心的学科情报定题服务的原则、服务方式和成效。     

Understanding the assembly of interdisciplinary teams and its impact on performance

Interdisciplinary teams are assembled in scientific research and are aimed at solving complex problems. Given their increasing importance, it is not surprising that considerable attention has been focused on processes of collaboration in interdisciplinary teams. Despite such efforts, we know less about the factors affecting the assembly of such teams in the first place. In this paper, we investigate the structure and the success of interdisciplinary scientific research teams. We examine the assembly factors using a sample of 1103 grant proposals submitted to two National Science Foundation interdisciplinary initiatives during a 3-year period, including both awarded and non-awarded proposals. The results indicate that individuals’ likelihood of collaboration on a proposal is higher among those with longer tenure, lower institutional tier, lower H-index, and with higher levels of prior co-authorship and citation relationships. However, successful proposals have a little bit different relational patterns: individuals’ likelihood of collaboration is higher among those with lower institutional tier, lower H-index, (female) gender, higher levels of prior co-authorship, but with lower levels of prior citation relationships.     

社会心理学视角下的数字图书消费决策过程模式研究

[目的/意义]数字图书消费已成为必然趋势,对数字图书消费决策过程阶段重新进行路径规划和厘清,并对关键环节开展可控的干预,可为出版商引导消费者消费决策提供路径,指导数字图书的生产及营销。[方法/过程]从数字图书消费特征出发,利用社会心理学中认知失调、决策后失调、从众、接触假说等理论对数字图书消费决策过程进行分析,最终构建数字图书消费购买决策过程新模式。[结果/结论]该模式具有符合社会心理学的认知失衡理论、涵盖现有购买模式、明晰各个决策环节间的相互联系、刻画现实生活中的从众现象、使数字出版商对消费者心理可进行有效干预等优点。     

文献采访决策信息谈

文献采访决策属于风险型决策,掌握相关信息是正确决策的基础和条件.这些信息包括出版发行、用户需求、馆藏文献、馆际协作、政策法规、决策反馈等六个方面.     

ELIMINATION OF IDEAS AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIALISATION

This article investigates and interprets social and cultural production and reproduction as we turn our attention to an important part of routinised practice in the newsroom: the early newsroom meetings. These meetings are essential sites for the building of the craft ethos and professional vision. Our aim is to study how this building of expertise takes place at meetings with a particular focus on the decision-making process concerning ideas for new news stories. In order to do this, we perform linguistic analysis of news production practices, as we investigate how the journalists' ideas for potential news stories are eliminated by the editor at the daily newsroom meetings. The elimination of ideas for news stories are not just eliminations; they are also corrections of culturally undesirable behaviour producing and reproducing the proper perception of an important object of knowledge—what constitutes “a good news story”—in this community of practice.