Evidence for Informed Preservation Planning and Advocacy: A Synoptic View

ABSTRACT

We argue the need to demonstrate the value of preservation services to institutions, the public and funders, because it matters conceptually and needs to be supported and validated. To address this imperative, improved and focused data capture and its use by collection managers is advocated as the necessary first step towards the development of an evidence-based culture for preservation services and synoptic decision-making, where evidence enables us to optimise the outcome of planning. To do so, we need tools that enable us to evaluate diverse preservation scenarios. We demonstrate the potential of emerging cross-disciplinary tools and protocols developed in the recent years such as attitude surveys, computational modelling and demographic modelling. These offer evidence that informs prospective preservation planning and, importantly, provides a credible evidence base for advocacy. These possibilities are discussed within the wider context of well-established preservation planning protocols that have shaped collection management for three decades, broadly characterised as retrospective.     

Convergence of intrapersonal and interpersonal processes across group meetings

Recent research has addressed the extent to which group communication exhibits intrapersonal and interpersonal characteristics. The most defensible and reasonable view appears to be that group interaction exhibits characteristics that fall somewhere in between, with group interaction revealing evidence of both individual- and group-level processes. Latent group and multilevel approaches were utilized to examine the use of functional communication in product design teams, across a series of tasks. The findings provided additional evidence for this middle road, or convergence approach, in that group members’ roles, as well as the function of discussion contributions, significantly varied across time, and at both levels of analysis.     

面向决策的突发事件应急信息融合框架与实现路径--以新冠肺炎疫情信息为例

大数据环境下,如何有效实现对突发事件的信息融合,是应急决策必须解决的核心问题。文章以我国新冠肺炎疫情信息为例,分析突发事件信息多源异构、传播渠道多样、动态时变等属性,从情报学视角探讨应急决策全流程各阶段的信息融合需求,构建面向应急决策需求的多层次信息融合整体框架,从基础数据层、特征内容层、决策服务层剖析应急信息融合中的具体问题,提出面向应急需求的信息融合实现途径。研究结论有助于指导面向决策的信息需求分析,为突发事件大数据融合系统构建提供参考。     

高校图书馆为政府提供决策信息服务研究——以上海对外经贸大学图书馆为例

为政府提供决策信息服务是高校图书馆在泛在信息环境下深度开发信息资源、创新信息服务内容、拓展信息服务方式、延伸社会价值的重要途径。文章采用文献研究和案例分析相结合的研究方法,分析了图书馆为政府提供决策信息服务在理论研究、服务途径及实践案例等方面所呈现的特点,并结合上海对外经贸大学图书馆的实践,提出了高校图书馆开展政府决策信息服务的实施框架,从而为高校图书馆深入开展政府决策信息服务提供借鉴。高校图书馆可利用其自身的信息资源、馆员队伍、情报研究和用户服务优势,依托高校学科建设背景,深化与政府机构的文献信息资源和人力资源共建共享机制,为各级政府进行科学决策提供更有效的个性化信息服务。     

论高校图书馆的管理决策

高校图书馆管理者的决策水平对高校图书馆的工作产生直接的影响。高校图书馆决策的程序是：提出问题、确定目标、拟定方案、分析评价、优选方案、追踪决策、高校图书馆的决策体制是校长领导下的馆长负责制，高校图书馆的决策方式主要有个人决策和民主决策两种。     

图书馆与公共决策

通过对公共决策本质与图书馆社会职能的历史分析，指出图书馆是公共决策系统的有机组成部分，为公共决策服务是图书馆社会职能的体现，认为图书馆在公共决策过程中担当着重要角色，为公共决策提供服务是图书馆历史的传承与发展，并提出了改进我国图书馆为公共决策服务的一些措施。     

A path-dependence perspective on the adoption of Internet of Things: Evidence from early adopters of smart and connected sensors in the United States

As an integral part of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart and connected sensors are emerging information and communication technologies that collect and transmit real-time data from various urban domains to inform decision-making. While smart sensors and IoT technologies have great potential to transform public service provision, their adoption in the public sector seems to be slow and incremental. Using cross-sectional data of 65 large and mid-sized cities in the United States, we examine what affects local governments' adoption of smart and connected sensors. We propose a path-dependence explanation for the incremental adoption and test if a local government's sensor adoption behavior is shaped by its existing policy priorities and managerial practices in related fields. Our results show that local governments' early adoption of smart sensors is likely to stem from their needs in specific policy domains. We also find that a local government's historical paths on urban sustainability and data-driven decision-making practices can predict its trajectory of sensor deployment, in terms of the scope and the integration of smart sensors across different urban domains. Surprisingly, a local government's e-government progressiveness is not a significant predictor. Our results confirm the incremental change in smart sensor adoption and provide implications for local governments' IoT planning.     

政府决策信息咨询数据库建设研究

文章从政府决策信息咨询数据库建设的重要性出发,对数据库建设难度进行分析,并提出政府决策信息咨询数据库的建设方案。     

美国图书馆组织气候改进方案的决策过程案例

[目的/意义] 研究美国图书馆组织气候改进方案的决策形成过程,为国内图书馆开展组织气候测评、基于组织气候测评结果制订管理政策改进方案提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用典型案例分析法,对美国3所图书馆利用ClimateQUAL^TM 测评结果确立本馆管理活动优化方案的决策过程进行分析和归纳。[结果/结论] 3所图书馆确立管理活动优化方案的决策过程模式可以归纳为:自下而上式的决策过程模式、决策软件支持下的决策过程模式、咨询顾问主导下的决策过程模式;根据既有案例,可从管理态度重视、实施主体选择、馆员意见征集、管理方案初选和优化等视角得出对国内图书馆开展组织气候优化的启示。     

政府决策信息咨询研究

本文探讨了政府决策信息咨询的主体构成,分析了目前政府决策信息咨询存在的问题,并给出相应的解决措施。