制何首乌多糖的脱蛋白研究

目的:对制何首乌多糖进行脱蛋白处理,筛选出最佳的脱蛋白方法。方法:以多糖损失率和蛋白去除率为衡量指标,选用了Sevag法、三氯乙酸法和酶法对制何首乌多糖提取物进行脱蛋白处理。结果:酶法、三氯乙酸法和Sevag法的蛋白去除率分别为87.62%,73.12%,62.65%,多糖损失率分别为8.13%,29.36%,20.24%。结论:酶法除蛋白是去除制何首乌多糖提取液中蛋白质的较理想方法。     

Efficient preparation of alkali-insoluble (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan

The alkali-insoluble (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan was prepared by alkaline–acid method and followed deproteinization by alkaline method using yeast cell wall as the starting material. The deproteinized product was characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and the polysaccharide components were analysed by paper chromatography. It indicated that the alkaline–acid method was an ideal way for preparing (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan. The obtained glucan had high purity and good yield.     

靶向病毒核糖核蛋白的抗流感病毒药物研究进展

多糖由于其独特的生物活性受到广泛的关注,成为近年来的研究热点之一。但是,从天然资源中提取的多糖组分常含有蛋白质杂质,而蛋白质的存在将对多糖结构和生物活性研究造成干扰。因此,采用高效、低污染、且对多糖结构和活性不造成破坏的脱蛋白方法十分重要。本文主要对传统的多糖脱蛋白方法和新颖的脱蛋白方法进行介绍。     

脱蛋白方法对蜘蛛香多糖总抗氧化能力的影响

目的:研究3种脱蛋白方法对蜘蛛香多糖总抗氧化能力的影响。方法:采用Sevag法、三氯乙酸法和盐酸法对蜘蛛香粗多糖脱蛋白,测定蛋白质脱除率、多糖损失率和总抗氧化能力损失率。结果:采用Sevag法脱蛋白,多糖总抗氧化能力损失率最小。Sevag法处理6次,蛋白质脱除率为41.71%,多糖损失率为46.38%,总抗氧化能力损失率为11.62%。结论:蜘蛛香粗多糖适宜用Sevag法脱蛋白。     

枸杞多糖的精制工艺优选

目的:优化枸杞多糖(LBP)的精制工艺,为LBP的开发提供参考。方法:以多糖提取率为指标,采用正交试验考察提取次数、提取时间、料液比对多糖提取工艺的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,以糖损失率为指标,利用正交试验优化活性炭除色素工艺,以蛋白清除率和糖损失率的综合评分为指标,采用正交试验优化酶-sevag法脱蛋白工艺。结果:最佳提取工艺为提取次数2次、提取时间30 min、料液比1∶10。最佳除色素工艺为活性炭用量1.0%、温度100℃、时间20 min;糖损失率为28.6%。最佳除蛋白工艺为酶用量1.5%、温度50℃、时间60 min;蛋白质清除率为28.2%,糖损失率为10.9%。结论:优选的LBP精制工艺稳定可行,适用于LBP产品开发。     

以异种脱蛋白型松质骨为支架构建组织工程骨修复骨缺损实验研究

目的:探讨以异种脱蛋白型松质骨为支架接种成骨细胞悬液构建的组织工程骨对骨缺损修复的能力。方法:以28天胎兔颅骨为骨源,用酶消化法分离成骨细胞,在体外培养、增殖后,取第三代成骨细胞制成细胞悬液,以5 × 106mL-1浓度接种于异种脱蛋白型松质骨中,体外培养一周,然后用此复合物修复兔颅骨缺损1,5cm × 1.5cm,本组作为实验组(共10只)。对照组I(共10只),仅用异种脱蛋白型松质骨修复兔颅骨缺损。对照组Ⅱ(共10只),缺损区注射相同浓度的成骨细胞悬液。对照组Ⅲ(共10只)为空白对照。术后4、8周从X片上观察对X-Ray阻射情况。8周取材,进行大体标本、扫描电镜及组织学评价。结果:实验组:4、8周X摄片均显示骨缺损周围有骨小梁通过,支架上有钙化阴影并随时间延长密度增高。术后8周,大体标本观察:缺损周围与正常骨组织之间无分界线,植入物硬度接近于正常骨组织,扫描电镜观察:支架上有胶原纤维及成骨细胞附着,组织学分析:支架上有大量新骨形成,支架有部分被降解吸收,四环素荧光标记证实在支架上有新生骨。所有对照组均无新生骨,仅见缺损区有纤维样组织覆盖。结论:以异种脱蛋白型松质骨为支架构建的组织工程骨可以用来修复骨缺损。     

Addition of metal chlorides to a HOCl conditioner can enhance bond strength to smear layer deproteinized dentin

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of smear layer deproteinization using hypochlorous acid (HOCl) with/without metal chlorides (SrCl₂ and ZnCl₂) on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of two simplified adhesives to dentin.MethodsHuman dentin surfaces with a standardized smear layer were pretreated using a 105 ppm HOCl solution with/without SrCl₂ (0.05 M, 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.4 M) or ZnCl₂ (0.05 M, 0.1 M, 0.2 M) for 5 s, 15 s, or 30 s. After the deproteinizing solution was washed out with water for 5 s, 15 s, or 30 s, pretreated surfaces were bonded with one-step self-etch adhesive Bond Force II or universal adhesive Clearfil Universal Bond Quick, and µTBS was measured after 24 h. Additionally, the deproteinizing effects of HOCl solutions with/without the metal chlorides were compared by measuring changes in the amide:phosphate ratio using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using multifactor ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc tests and t-tests (p < 0.05).ResultsPretreatment with pure HOCl for 15 s and 30 s significantly decreased the amide:phosphate ratio (p < 0.05), indicating effective deproteinization, but the µTBS of both adhesives increased significantly only if HOCl was washed out for 30 s (p < 0.05). Increasing the concentrations of metal chlorides enabled shortening of the wash-out time down to 5 s while maintaining the improved µTBS (p < 0.05). The deproteinizing effect of HOCl was not significantly altered by the addition of metal chlorides (p > 0.05).SignificanceThe effectiveness of smear layer deproteinization using HOCl can be improved by the addition of metal chlorides, as their increasing concentration allowed to shorten the wash-out time from 30 s down to 5 s     

小牛血去蛋白提取物治疗脑脊液漏

目的研究应用小牛血去蛋白提取物治疗脑脊液漏的效果,尽量保守治疗脑脊液漏,减少行手术修补的人数。方法回顾分析2000年1月到2009年1月脑脊液漏在2周以上的患者32例,应用小牛血去蛋白提取物静脉滴注7～14d,并对16例患者先用一般药物治疗1周作为对照组。结果32例患者治愈20例,好转4例,无效8例,总有效率75％。对照组16例治愈4例,好转2例,无效10例,总有效率37．5％。结论小牛血去蛋白提取物治疗脑脊液漏,可促进漏口愈合,减少需手术修补的患者,效果显著好于对照组（P〈0．05）,早期应用,效果更好。     

大孔吸附树脂纯化野菊花多糖工艺

目的:研究大孔吸附树脂对野菊花多糖中所含色素和蛋白质的脱除性能.方法:比较LSA-700B,LSA-21,D101,XDA-8,AB-8,XDA-76种不同型号大孔吸附树脂对野菊花多糖的纯化效果;以脱色率、蛋白质去除率和多糖保留率作为考察指标,探讨温度、多糖质量浓度、pH、转速、流速5个因素对其纯化性能的影响.结果:LSA-21树脂对野菊花多糖的纯化效果较为理想;最佳工艺为温度40℃,多糖质量浓度7 g·L-1,pH 5,转速180 r·min-1,流速3 BV·h-1,径高比1∶8.在此条件下脱色率80.90％,蛋白质去除率52.84％,多糖保留率82.59％.结论:LSA-21大孔吸附树脂对野菊花多糖可以获得较高的纯化效率和多糖保留率.     

Extraction and deproteinization of pumpkin polysaccharide

Extraction and deproteinization methods of polysaccharide from pumpkin were studied. We extracted crude polysaccharide by the method of hot water extraction. The percentages of deproteinization and polysaccharide loss were compared as indexes using the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method, the NaCl method, the and CaCl₂ method, respectively. The results showed that the TCA method exhibited the lowest percentage of deproteinization, and a little higher percentage of polysaccharide loss than the other two methods. The CaCl₂ method excelled over the NaCl method in deproteinization.