HPLC法快速测定保健食品中化学药物添加的研究

采用酸化甲醇超声萃取减肥保健食品中12种可能非法添加的化学药物,固相萃取柱Oasis MCX净化,经二极管阵列检测器测定,利用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定减肥保健食品中12种非法添加化学药物的含量,并采用液相色谱-串联质谱法对阳性样品进行确证。结果显示:在1.0μg/mL～50.0μg/mL范围内,12种可能非法添加化学药物质量浓度与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.999 5;方法定量限在0.25 mg/kg～1.0 mg/kg,方法检出限在0.08 mg/kg～0.30 mg/kg;回收率在88.6%～102.6%,相对标准偏差在1.2%～3.6%。     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定食品中甘露糖醇、麦芽糖、木糖醇、山梨糖醇

天然甜味剂是从天然植物中提取出来的,在安全性和营养功能方面远好于人工合成的甜味剂.本文采用液相色谱串联质谱法测定了食品中甘露糖醇、麦芽糖、木糖醇、山梨糖醇的残留量,并采用选择离子检测进行阳性确证.液体试样用水超声提取,离心定容后,固体和半固体样品采用水溶解定容,再经固相萃取柱净化,样液经洗脱定容后,供液相色谱-质谱/质谱仪测定,外标法定量.本方法的最低检出限、线性范围和方法回收率分别为:0.10mg/kg、0.10～1000.0mg/kg和89.0～94.9％.本研究建立了食品中甘露糖醇、麦芽糖、木糖醇、山梨糖醇的检测方法,可以快速、灵敏、一次同时测定多个、多类别天然甜味剂及其阳性确证.也为打破国外技术性贸易壁垒、增强我国出口产品在国际市场竞争力提供了有力的保障.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测速冻调制肉制品中糖皮质激素类药物残留

建立液相色谱-串联质谱法检测速冻调制肉制品中糖皮质激素类药物残留的方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取后,过Silica固相萃取柱净化,最后用乙腈定容,经液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定。样品采用外标峰面积法进行定量,该方法的最小检出限量分别为0.2、0.5、1.0μg/kg,定量限分别为0.5、1.0、2.0μg/kg,添加回收率范围为85.0%～96.4%,RSD为2.3%～6.1%。     

UPLC-MS-MS法测定八宝粥罐头中乙二胺四乙酸二钠残留量

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定八宝粥罐头中乙二胺四乙酸二钠（ethylenediaminetetraacetic aciddisodium,EDTA-2Na）残留量的检测和确证方法。试样中残留的EDTA-2Na用水高速匀浆提取,提取液经三氯化铁衍生化、三氯甲烷和MAX阴离子交换柱净化后,用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪检测和确证,外标法定量。EDTA-2Na质量浓度在1.0～50.0 μg/mL范围内时,线性关系良好,EDTA-2Na的相关系数（R2）为0.992 2。在20～400 mg/kg添加范围内,样品平均加标回收率在79.4%～105.3%之间,相对标准偏差为7.93%～9.94%。EDTA-2Na的最低检出限为20 mg/kg。该方法具有灵敏、准确、稳定等优点,可用于八宝粥罐头中EDTA-2Na残留量测定。     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定玉米及其制品中的烟嘧磺隆残留

采用凝胶净化技术和液相色谱串联质谱联用相结合技术,建立了玉米及其制品中烟嘧磺隆的残留量检测方法。试验采用乙腈提取样品,提取液经凝胶色谱仪净化,用液相色谱串联质谱仪测定,外标法定量,并采用选择离子监测进行阳性确证。结果表明,该方法的定量限达0.010 mg/kg,线性范围为0.01～1.00 mg/kg,方法回收率为84.0%～101.6%。该方法检测结果准确可靠,线性范围宽,适用范围广,能够满足高质量检测的要求。     

肉类食品中乙氧喹啉残留的液相色谱检测及质谱确证

为测定猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉等肉类食品中残留的乙氧喹啉,采用高效液相色谱仪配荧光检测器进行测定,同时利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪对其结果进行确证。样品经10%碳酸钠溶液和丙酮振荡提取后,用正己烷进行液-液萃取分配,提取液经浓缩定容后,供高效液相色谱仪和高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定,外标法定量。结果表明,该方法中乙氧喹啉残留量在0.01～2.00mg/kg范围内线性良好,在添加水平0.01～1.00mg/kg时,平均回收率为90.46%～98.60%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为2.2%～8.7%。方法的检测低限均为0.01mg/kg。该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏和回收率高。     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定纸制品中PFOS

采用ASE-300快速溶剂取革仪提取样品中全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS),经浓缩、净化、过膜、定容后,用液相色谱串连质谱法测定,外标法定量.采用选择离子检测进行阳性确证,提出了纸制品中PFOs的检测方法.本方法的最低检出限、线性范围和方法回收率分别为:0.10mg/kg、0.10～10.0mg/kg和71.0%～103.0%.     

HPLC法同时测定红曲色素中的红曲素和安卡红曲黄素

目的：建立同时测定红曲混合色素中的红曲素和安卡红曲黄素的高效液相色谱方法。方法：采用Shim-Pack HRC-ODS色谱柱,甲醇-水溶液(80:20)为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,检测波长394nm,以自制的两种色素标准品定性定量。结果：该方法在10～500mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程和相关系数分别为：红曲素：Y=0.00015X+0.82365,R2=0.99988;安卡红曲黄素：Y=0.00031X－0.45,R2=0.99987。多次测定的相对标准偏差均小于4%,采用该方法对收集到的国内部分企业的红曲色素产品进行了检测。结论：该方法具有较好的重复性和稳定性,可用于红曲色素中红曲素和安卡红曲黄素的检测,进而可用于红曲色素产品组成和质量分析。     

免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定猪肉和鸡蛋中的12种磺胺类药物

建立了猪肉和鸡蛋中12种磺胺类药物的免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱的确证方法。样品用超声提取后,直接过磺胺类药物免疫亲和净化柱净化;氮气吹干后用1∶9（v/v）的甲醇/水溶液定容,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）测定,电喷雾正离子（ESI＋）、多反应模式下监测;实验结果表明,样品中磺胺类药物浓度在10～200μg/kg范围内时与其峰面积成良好线性关系,仪器检出限为0.4～2.0μg/L,方法的检出限为1.0～5.0μg/kg,3个加标水平下平均回收率为67%～100%,相对标准偏差为0.9%～10.0%,符合痕量分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱- 电喷雾三级四极杆质谱测定苹果、山楂、番茄制品中棒曲霉素的研究

建立了苹果、山楂、番茄制品中棒曲霉素总量的提取方法和液相色谱串联质谱确证方法。清汁样品用乙腈稀释后直接过MycoSep 228 真菌霉素多功能净化柱;浊汁、固体样品用果胶酶水解后,再用乙酸乙酯提取样品中棒曲霉素,浓缩后经MycoSep 228 柱净化,用Atlantis dC18 色谱柱分离,液相色谱串联质谱测定,电喷雾负离子(ESI －)多反应模式下监测;实验结果表明,样品中棒曲霉素浓度在1.0～200μg/kg 范围内时与其峰面积成良好线性关系,检测低限为2.0μg/kg,3 个加标水平下回收率为76.0%～95.3%,相对标准偏差为5.4%～11.2%。该方法选择性好,灵敏度高,定性可靠,可满足苹果、山楂、番茄制品中棒曲霉素测定的要求。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.