动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血脑血管痉挛的原因分析及治疗

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后影响症状性血管痉挛发生的危险因素及治疗方法 .方法 对56例已行血管内介入治疗的动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 共18例患者(32.14%)发生症状性血管痉挛,Hunt-Hess≥Ⅲ级,Fisher≥Ⅲ级症状性血管痉挛发生率高(P<0.05);入院及住院期间血糖水平越高,出现血管痉挛的比例越高(P<0.05),超过发病3d手术者其发生血管痉挛的几率也高于3d内手术者(P<0.05).结论 Hunt-Hess≥Ⅲ级、Fisher≥Ⅲ级、入院时血糖水平、住院期间血糖水平、手术时机是迟发性脑血管痉挛发生的独立危险因素.     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛的影响因素研究

目的:探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛的影响因素。方法:对我院84例动脉瘤破裂出血后发生脑血管痉挛的患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果:单因素分析表明,年龄、吸烟史,糖尿病史、高血压史、Fisher分级、Hunt-Hess分级、术中动脉瘤破裂、白细胞计数、血钾、血钙等因素在CVS组与无CVS组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素分析表明,Fisher≥Ⅲ级、Hunt-Hess≥Ⅲ级、吸烟史、高血压病史和白细胞计数>15×109/L均为CVS的危险因素。结论:在临床中对于Fisher≥Ⅲ级、Hunt-Hess≥Ⅲ级、吸烟史、高血压和白细胞增高的患者应加强早期监测。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛的影响因素

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后腩血管痉挛的影响因素.方法 回归分析本院3年来收治的96例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的临床、生化及影像学资料,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析症状性脑血管痉挛(SCVS)的危险因素.结果 单因素分析表明,年龄、Fisher分级、Hunt-Hess分级、吸烟、高血压、高血糖和白细胞计数等7个因素在SCVS组与无SCVS组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).进一步多因素分析表明,Fisher≥Ⅲ级、吸烟、高血压和白细胞计数>15×10 9/L均为SCVS的危险因素.结论 在临床中对于FisherⅢ级以上、吸烟、高血压和白细胞增高的患者,应加强早期监测.     

前循环动脉瘤夹闭术后迟发性癫痫的 相关因素分析

目的 探讨前循环动脉瘤夹闭术后迟发性癫痫的相关影响因素。方法 选取2012年1月至2022年1月于南昌大学第四附属医院接受开颅夹闭动脉瘤治疗的动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,aSAH）患者250例纳入研究,根据是否发生迟发性癫痫将其分为癫痫组（12例）和非癫痫组（238例）,记录患者的年龄、性别、入院时世界神经外科联盟（World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies,WFNS）分级和改良Fisher量表分级、出院后3个月的格拉斯哥预后量表（Glasgow outcome scale,GOS）评分、术中电生理检测情况。结果 癫痫组患者的神经电生理监测异常、症状性脑血管痉挛、术后脑水肿比例均显著大于非癫痫组（P<0.05）;两组患者的改良Fisher量表评分分布比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;aSAH患者术后癫痫发生率与WFNS分级呈正相关（r=0.958,P<0.05）,与GOS评分呈负相关（r=–0.951,P<0.01）;两组患者的动脉瘤位置比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 神经电生理监测下开颅夹闭动脉瘤能有效降低患者术后癫痫发生率,改善患者预后。WFNS分级越高、GOS评分越低的患者癫痫发生率越高,应对此类患者予以重点关注。     

自发性蛛网膜下腔出血后低钠血症发生率分析及治疗

目的 :研究自发性蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH)后低钠血症总发生率及颅内动脉瘤破裂出血后低钠血症发生率以及与Fisher分级和脑血管痉挛的关系。方法 :自 1998年 3月至 2 0 0 1年 11月SAH患者 2 6 5例 ,分为动脉瘤性出血和非动脉瘤性出血 ;对颅内破裂动脉瘤 15 0例 ,按解剖部位分成前交通 (ACoA)、后交通 (PCoA)和大脑中动脉 (MCA)动脉瘤三组 ,分析低钠血症发生率。结果 :自发性SAH低钠血症总发生率为 19% ,动脉瘤性和非动脉瘤性SAH低钠血症发生率分别为 30 %、5 %。A CoA、PCoA、MCA三组低钠血症发生率分别为 4 8%、15 %和 16 % ,重度低钠血症发生率分别为 30 %、6 %和 6 %。ACoA组中Fisher分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级和Ⅰ～Ⅱ级低钠血症的发生率分别为 6 7%和 32 % ;有脑血管痉挛和无脑血管痉挛患者低钠血症的发生率分别为 71%和 2 4 %。结论 :动脉瘤性和非动脉瘤性SAH低钠血症发生率差别有显著意义 ,ACoA组低钠血症与重度低钠血症发生率明显高于PCoA组和MCA组 ,ACoA动脉瘤破裂出血Fisher分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级或并发脑血管痉挛患者低钠血症发生率高 ,应注意观察并及时纠正     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血手术疗效分析

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血手术方式和手术时机对临床预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析符合人选标准的动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者168例,按照Hunt-Hess分级方法对患者入院时的情况进行分级,分为Hunt-Hess Ⅰ～Ⅲ级组和Hunt-HessⅣ～Ⅴ级组,手术方式包括开颅动脉瘤夹闭术和血管内介入栓塞手术,手术时机分为早期手术组(发病后3d内),中期手术组(发病后4～7d内)和晚期手术组(发病7d以后),按格拉斯哥预后评分方法对手术临床预后进行评价.分别比较不同的手术方式和手术时机对两组患者临床预后的影响.结果 不同手术方式的预后良好率无显著性差异(P＞0.05);在Hunt-Hess Ⅰ～Ⅲ级患者中,不同手术时机的预后良好率无显著性差异(P＞0.05);在Hunt-HessⅣ～Ⅴ级患者中,早期手术的预后良好率高于晚期手术,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 手术方式对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的疗效无明显影响,手术时机对Hunt-Hess Ⅰ～Ⅲ级患者的预后无明显影响,早期手术可提高Hunt-HessⅣ～Ⅴ级患者的预后良好率.     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血预后的研究

目的 探讨电解可脱性微弹簧圈(GDC)血管内栓塞治疗颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的患者预后.方法 本组63例均证实为颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血,均行GDC血管内栓塞治疗,观察GDC血管内栓塞治疗并发症的发生情况,栓塞结束后临床随访结果和影像学随访结果.观察患者性别、年龄、动脉瘤部位、Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher分级、症状性脑血管痉挛、手术时间、急性脑积水程度、迟发性脑积水程度、术后颅内压力与临床预后的关系.结果 63例患者中,栓塞治疗中1例弹簧圈部分脱出瘤腔,无术中动脉瘤破裂和无动脉栓塞或血栓发生.临床随访恢复良好39例,轻、中度残疾22例,重度残疾或死亡2例,均无栓塞后动脉瘤再次破裂出血;影像学随访42例,1例动脉瘤栓塞术后瘤颈复发,41例动脉瘤均保持手术栓塞结束当时的状态.影响患者临床预后因素依次是:①症状性脑血管痉挛;②发病后的Hunt-Hess分级;③术后颅内压力.结论 GDC血管内栓塞治疗小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血是安全和有效的治疗方法,症状性脑血管痉挛是影响小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血预后的决定性因素.     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者再出血的危险因素研究

背景　蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）是神经系统的常见急症,颅内动脉瘤破裂是造成自发性SAH的首位病因,而动脉瘤再出血是动脉瘤性SAH（aSAH）最常见、最严重的急性并发症,然而关于aSAH患者再出血危险因素的研究目前仍未达成共识。目的　对aSAH患者再出血的危险因素进行分析,为aSAH患者再出血的预防提供指导。方法　对中国医科大学附属第四医院2010年1月-2017年7月收治的200例aSAH患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据首次出血后1个月内是否发生再出血分为再出血组46例和非再出血组154例,对比分析患者临床指标、Hunt-Hess分级、改良Fisher分级及影像学指标,对发生再出血的影响因素进行单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果　单因素分析结果显示两组平均收缩压、Hunt-Hess分级、改良Fisher分级、责任动脉瘤直径比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,两组性别、年龄、血糖水平、白细胞计数、动脉瘤位置比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示平均收缩压与aSAH患者再出血无关（P>0.05）,Hunt-Hess分级、改良Fisher分级、责任动脉瘤直径及后循环动脉瘤是aSAH患者再出血的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　Hunt-Hess分级、改良Fisher分级、责任动脉瘤直径及后循环动脉瘤是aSAH患者再出血的影响因素,应关注并积极预防以上因素。     

老年患者发生迟发性脑缺血前多种影响因素的探究

目的  探究老年患者发生迟发性脑缺血（DCI）的危险因素,防止迟发性脑缺血的发生。方法  回顾性分析120例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者。年龄60～79岁,Fisher分级>1。将患者分为DCI组和非DCI组。分析患者的相关指标（性别、吸烟史、局部脑氧饱和度等）,找出迟发性脑缺血的独立危险因素,并用受试者工作曲线评估其预测性能。结果  所有入组患者中,69例患者伴有DCI。单因素分析结果表明,DCI组患者中,有吸烟史、低钠、局部脑氧饱和度<50的患者比例明显大于非DCI组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,钠离子浓度（■=3.011,95%CI：1.123,8.070）与局部脑氧饱和度（■=3.324,95%CI：1.734,6.372）是迟发性脑缺血的独立危险因素,且局部脑氧饱和度预测性能更佳。结论  局部脑氧饱和度是老年患者动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血较好的预测指标。

     

颅内动脉瘤破裂致蛛网膜下腔出血预后不良的危险因素研究

目的探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂致蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者预后不良的危险因素。方法我院神经外科2007年1月—2009年8月颅内动脉瘤破裂致SAH的所有住院患者359例,行开颅动脉瘤夹闭术的患者288例,选择符合入选标准者268例为本研究对象。采用格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)评价患者预后,依据预后不同分为两组:预后不良组(GOS≤3分)和预后良好组(GOS 4~5分),收集患者的临床资料,并随访1个月、3个月和1年的GOS评价患者预后。结果颅内动脉瘤破裂致SAH患者预后不良有统计学意义的临床因素为:大量饮酒、围术期高血糖、临床病情分级(Hunt-Hess分级)Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、蛛网膜下腔出血分级(CT Fisher分级)Ⅳ~Ⅴ级和Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级患者中晚期手术(P<0.05)。而高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、吸烟、动脉瘤家族史和Hunt-Hess分级为Ⅰ~Ⅲ级患者手术时机与SAH患者预后不良无关,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大量饮酒、围术期高血糖、临床Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、颅脑CT Fisher分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、动脉瘤多发以及术后再出血、脑血管痉挛均是动脉瘤破裂致SAH患者预后不良的危险因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.