成年大鼠骨骼肌成肌细胞的培养和鉴定

目的探索成年大鼠骨骼肌成肌细胞的高浓度培养方法。方法以成年同种系Wistar大鼠为研究对象,采用两步消化法获取大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞,进行体外培养,对获得的细胞进行形态学研究,以免疫组织化学方法进行鉴定。结果细胞增殖旺盛,分化良好,可融合成肌管。免疫细胞化学染色显示,骨骼肌卫星细胞呈弱阳性,肌管呈强阳性。结论两步消化法体外培养的骨骼肌卫星细胞具有良好的增殖与分化能力,用此种方法可培养出高纯度的骨骼肌成肌细胞,操作简单、污染少。     

成年大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞的原代培养、鉴定及体外增殖

目的探讨成年大鼠原代骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养方法,观察细胞的增殖、成肌分化特性。方法采用改进的两步酶消化法结合差速贴壁技术,获得较高纯度的骨骼肌卫星细胞。免疫组化鉴定所获取细胞的肌源性标志desmin。MTT法观察骨骼肌卫星细胞的体外增殖特性并绘制生长曲线图。同时观察不同培养条件下骨骼肌卫星细胞的成肌分化特性。结果所分离的原代骨骼肌卫星细胞纯度在90%以上。细胞体外培养时在第3天进入对数生长期,5～6d进入增殖平台期。细胞体外培养时无须特殊诱导可以自发出现成肌定向分化,相互融合形成具有自发收缩特性的肌管细胞。结论体外培养获取的骨骼肌卫星细胞数量可以满足组织工程研究的需要。     

成年大鼠骨骼肌成肌细胞的原代培养

目的 探索成年大鼠骨骼肌成肌细胞的原代培养方法.方法 取成年Wistar大鼠的后肢肌肉,利用组织块法培养成肌细胞.并对培养细胞进行形态学研究和细胞鉴定.结果 采用组织块培养成肌细胞的密度可达118/ml, 成肌细胞的分化鉴定显示94%以上的细胞呈骨骼肌特异的肌细胞.结论 利用组织块法成功培养成年大鼠原代骨骼肌成肌细胞,该方法实用性强,所得成肌细胞纯度高,为深入研究心力衰竭骨骼肌成肌细胞自体移植奠定了基础.     

大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养生长和成肌特性

目的 建立大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞分离和纯化方法,并观察骨骼肌卫星细胞的体外增殖和成肌特性.方法 采用改良两步酶消化法结合差速贴壁技术,获得高纯度的骨骼肌卫星细胞.免疫组化染色鉴定体外培养的骨骼肌卫星细胞;MIT法检测体外培养骨骼肌卫星细胞的生长情况;倒置显微镜观察不同培养条件下骨骼肌卫星细胞的分化特性.结果 获取的骨骼肌卫星细胞纯度高,细胞中肌源性标志中间丝蛋白desmin呈强阳性表达.体外培养时,骨骼肌卫星细胞有1～2 d的潜伏期,5～6 d进入平台期.细胞汇合至60%～70%或降低培养基血清浓度时,开始相互融合形成肌管细胞.结论 酶两步消化法和差速贴壁技术是一种简便易行、获得较高纯度的骨骼肌卫星细胞的方法.骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养时无需特殊诱导即可相互融合,形成具有骨骼肌收缩特性的肌管细胞.     

大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养生长和成肌特性

目的建立大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞分离和纯化方法,并观察骨骼肌卫星细胞的体外增殖和成肌特性。方法采用改良两步酶消化法结合差速贴壁技术,获得高纯度的骨骼肌卫星细胞。免疫组化染色鉴定体外培养的骨骼肌卫星细胞;MTT法检测体外培养骨骼肌卫星细胞的生长情况;倒置显微镜观察不同培养条件下骨骼肌卫星细胞的分化特性。结果获取的骨骼肌卫星细胞纯度高,细胞中肌源性标志中间丝蛋白desm in呈强阳性表达。体外培养时,骨骼肌卫星细胞有1~2 d的潜伏期,5~6 d进入平台期。细胞汇合至60%~70%或降低培养基血清浓度时,开始相互融合形成肌管细胞。结论酶两步消化法和差速贴壁技术是一种简便易行、获得较高纯度的骨骼肌卫星细胞的方法。骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养时无需特殊诱导即可相互融合,形成具有骨骼肌收缩特性的肌管细胞。     

组织块贴壁法行SD大鼠肺内动脉段平滑肌细胞的原代培养及其鉴定

目的研究采用组织块贴壁法进行SD大鼠肺内动脉段平滑肌细胞（PASMCs）原代培养的方法特点及其生物学特性。方法将SD大鼠消毒后剖开胸腹腔,无菌下取出心肺组织,然后分离出肺血管段,用组织块贴壁法培养,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态、普通免疫组织化学法（SP法）和免疫荧光法进行细胞鉴定。结果组织块贴壁法培养的SD大鼠PASMCs为典型的＂峰-谷＂样生长状态,细胞的胞核较大,免疫组织化学法和免疫荧光法检测α-actin均为强阳性表达,免疫荧光法检测传至三代以后的细胞纯度可达98%以上,传代细胞生长未见明显异常改变。结论在不使用显微技术情况下,用组织贴块法成功培养大鼠PASMCs,得到稳定生长、纯度高的PASMCs,且培养与纯化可以同时进行,可获得稳定传代的细胞。     

骨骼肌卫星细胞的纯化、培养、鉴定及生物学特性的研究

目的 研究骨骼肌卫星细胞体外纯化、培养、鉴定的方法及其生物学特性。方法 采用Ⅰ型胶原酶和胰蛋白酶两步消化法纯化出大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞（SC）,进行体外原代和传代培养,借此观察SC的增殖、分化特点并进行免疫细胞化学染色鉴定。结果 两步消化法是获取SC可靠的方法。生长培养基促使细胞的增殖;延迟分瓶或分化培养基促使细胞分化形成肌管。骨骼肌肌球蛋白（myosin）单克隆抗体免疫细胞化学染色SC呈弱阳性,而肌管呈强阳性。结论 体外培养的大鼠SC在合适的培养条件和传代比例下能够增殖与分化并保持其生物学特性,为其在组织工程和基因治疗中的应用奠定了基础。     

兔骨骼肌卫星细胞的分离、培养及成肌特性

目的建立高纯度、高丰度的兔骨骼肌卫星细胞的分离、培养方法,并对培养的肌卫星细胞体外增殖和成肌特性进行观察。方法采用改良I型胶原酶和胰蛋白酶混合消化法结合差速贴壁培养以分离、纯化1周龄幼兔小腿三头肌来源的骨骼肌卫星细胞。镜下观察肌卫星细胞生长形态,结蛋白(Desmin)免疫组化染色鉴定体外培养的肌卫星细胞,MTT法绘制细胞生长曲线,并对分离培养的肌卫星细胞成肌特性进行诱导培养观察。结果差速贴壁后的悬浮肌卫星细胞折光性强,呈透亮球形,数量较多,贴壁生长后逐渐变为长梭形;免疫组化染色检测分离培养的细胞高表达Desmin,证明为肌卫星细胞,纯度高达95%;传代培养的肌卫星细胞24 h后开始增殖,第3~7天处于对数生长期,第8天后进入平台期;不经诱导分化培养基培养的肌卫星细胞也可融合形成肌管,但形成肌管速度不及诱导分化培养组快速。结论成功建立了具有操作简便、不易污染和纯度高的兔骨骼肌卫星细胞分离、培养方法,为采用肌卫星细胞为种子细胞的再生医学研究奠定实验基础。     

骨骼肌卫星细胞的分离、培养及鉴定

目的 探讨骨骼肌卫星细胞的分离、培养及鉴定方法。方法 从外科手术中获取患者骨胳肌3—5g,采用胶原酶和透明质酸酶消化的方法获取骨骼肌卫星细胞,进行体外培养、扩增,并观察所培养细胞的形态;降低培养液中胎牛血清浓度,观察肌管形成;免疫组化方法检测Desmin的表达;RT—PCR法检测肝细胞生长因子受体c—met的表达。结果 卫星细胞在体外生长、增殖良好,刚分离出的卫星细胞呈球形,折光性强,12小时后开始贴壁,仍为圆形,48小时后贴壁完全,细胞呈梭形,生长缓慢。随时间延长,细胞增殖、迁移,逐渐有规律地平行排列。降低细胞培养液中胎牛血清浓度至2％,卫星细胞可融合成肌管,免疫组化显示培养的细胞Desmin阳性,这些细咆表达c—met。结论 酶消化法适用于卫星细胞的培养。     

成年大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞原代培养及鉴定

目的：探讨骨骼肌卫星细胞体外培养，鉴定的方法。方法：采用I型胶原酶和胰蛋白酶两步消化法分离大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞，经差速贴壁法纯化后，在培养液中进行培养，观察不同血清浓度下，卫星细胞生长融合的情况，倒置显微镜观察细胞形态，利用结蛋白免疫细胞化学染色方法鉴定肌卫星细胞。结果：细胞经过两步消化和差速贴壁后，纯度在90%以上，在生长培基中，细胞分裂增生；在融合培基中，细胞发生融合，形成肌管。结论：成年大鼠肌卫星细胞在不同的培养条件下可增生或分化，结蛋白免疫细胞化学染色可以早期鉴定骨骼肌卫星细胞。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.