消岩汤不同时段联合化疗对Lewis肺癌小鼠免疫功能的影响

[目的]观察消岩汤对不同时段联合化疗对Lewis肺癌小鼠免疫功能的影响。[方法]60只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为空白对照组、荷瘤空白组、单纯顺铂组、提前7d运用消岩汤加顺铂组、化疗前3d运用消岩汤加顺铂组和消岩汤同时加顺铂组。消岩汤灌胃第12天后,处死小鼠,观察小鼠生长活动情况、体质量、抑瘤率、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、血清干扰素(IFN-γ)、白介素-2(IL-2)含量的变化。[结果]消岩汤提前介入化疗对Lewis肺癌小鼠有较好的抑瘤作用,生长活动状况也较好。化疗前运用消岩汤介入治疗Lewis肺癌小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数及IL-2、IFN-γ细胞因子分泌水平显著高于单纯化疗组。[结论]消岩汤能保护实验动物的细胞免疫器官,提高小鼠的免疫功能。     

调气消积汤对Lewis肺癌小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

[目的]探讨调气消积汤对Lewis肺癌小鼠免疫功能的影响。[方法]C57BL/6小鼠常规接种Lewis肺癌,随机分为:荷瘤对照组(MG)、调气消积汤组(TG)、顺铂组(DG)、综合组(ZG);健康的小鼠组成空白对照组(CG),每组10只。观察各组对脾脏指数的影响,计数小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞转化率及脾T淋巴细胞的增殖情况,检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达。[结果]调气消积汤可使荷瘤小鼠的脾脏指数降低并趋向正常,与空白组比较无差异(P>0.05)。从小鼠T淋巴细胞转化率及增殖活性来看,调气消积汤组比荷瘤对照组明显升高,差异显著(P<0.01)。调气消积汤组移植瘤TNF-α蛋白的表达,与荷瘤对照组比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。[结论]调气消积汤对Lewis肺癌小鼠的免疫器官(脾)有一定的保护作用;可以通过提高荷瘤小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞转化率、脾T淋巴细胞增殖活性,来增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能;对肿瘤组织中TNF-α蛋白的表达无明显促进和抑制作用。     

雷帕霉素对动脉粥样硬化小鼠斑块面积影响及机制探讨

[目的]探讨雷帕霉素对ApoE基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块面积影响及机制。[方法]选取30只雄性ApoE基因敲除（ApoE^-/-）小鼠为研究对象,将其随机分为模型组、雷帕霉素组、阳性药物（瑞伐他汀）组。高脂饮食12周后灌胃干预4周。处死后取主动脉斑块组织油红O和苏木精-伊红（HE）染色评估斑块脂质情况、斑块面积;采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定外周血中促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、γ干扰素（INF-γ）、白介素-6（IL-6）和转化因子β（TGF-β）、白介素-10（IL-10）表达情况。[结果]雷帕霉素组斑块面积明显小于模型组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在炎症因子方面,雷帕霉素组能有效降低外周血TNF-α、INF-γ、IL-6表达,增加IL-10、TGF-β表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。[结论]雷帕霉素可通过增加抗炎因子含量、降低促炎因子含量来调控炎症反应,进而抑制斑块发展,降低血管狭窄程度。     

银翘散调节呼吸道病毒感染相关性哮喘Th1/Th2细胞因子的临床观察

[目的] 观察银翘散对呼吸道病毒感染相关性哮喘（RVA）的临床疗效及对Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响。[方法] 将68例RVA患者随机分为对照组32例,常规西药治疗;治疗组36例,在常规西药的基础上加用银翘散治疗。2组均治疗10 d。观察治疗前后患者的哮喘控制评分（ACT）,肺功能[第1秒时间肺活量（FEV1）、一秒率（FEV1/FVC%）、呼气峰流速（PEF）]、中医证候疗效及Th1/Th2细胞因子[分泌性免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）、白介素-4（IL-4）、γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、IFN-γ/IL-4]的变化。[结果] 治疗后两组患者的ACT评分均较治疗前明显改善,且治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗组对肺功能的改善优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗组中医证候有效率为94.44%（34/36）,对照组中医证候有效率为71.87%（23/32）。治疗后,治疗组sIgA水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。IFN-γ及IFN-γ/IL-4低于对照组（P<0.05）,IL-4水平两组之间未见差异（P>0.05）。[结论] 银翘散联合常规西药治疗RVA的临床疗效优于单用常规西药治疗,可能与银翘散可调节患者Th1/Th2细胞因子,逆转因子间的失衡,进而减少气道炎症相关。     

扶正胶囊提取物对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫低下小鼠免疫调节作用研究

[目的] 探讨扶正胶囊提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。[方法] 将60只昆明小鼠进行随机分组,每组10只,分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组以及扶正胶囊提取物低、中、高剂量组。采用环磷酰胺腹腔注射建立小鼠免疫功能低下模型,检测各组小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数、单核细胞吞噬能力、血清中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、白细胞介素10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）水平和脾T淋巴细胞亚群CD3⁺T淋巴细胞（CD3⁺）、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞（CD4⁺）、CD8⁺T淋巴细胞（CD8⁺）的分布与比例。[结果] 扶正胶囊提取物能提升由环磷酰胺诱导的免疫低下小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数,增强单核细胞吞噬功能,显著提高小鼠细胞免疫因子IL-4、IL-10、IFN-γ含量,降低IL-17、TNF-α含量,上调脾淋巴细胞亚群CD3⁺CD4⁺的表达程度和提升CD3⁺CD4⁺/CD3⁺CD8⁺比值。[结论] 扶正胶囊提取物能够提升环磷酰胺所致的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能。     

十全大补汤多糖成分抑瘤及免疫调节作用的初步研究

目的：研究十全大补汤总多糖抗肿瘤及对脾细胞功能的调节作用。方法：40只昆明种小鼠,以皮下接种H22细胞的方法制备荷瘤小鼠模型,24 h后随机分为5组,即阴性对照组、顺铂（1 mg/kg）化疗组、顺铂联合高（168.4 mg/m L）、中（84.2 mg/m L）、低（42.1 mg/m L）剂量十全大补汤总多糖组。十全大补汤总多糖采取灌胃给药,0.5 m L/只,1次/d,10 d后眼球放血处死小鼠,称取体质量和瘤质量,计算抑瘤率;分离血清,并分别制备肿瘤细胞和脾细胞悬液,流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞和脾细胞的凋亡;ELISA法检测血清中IL-2,IFN-γ和TNF-α含量。结果：顺铂联合各剂量十全大补汤总多糖组小鼠体质量均高于单纯顺铂组,而中、高剂量多糖组的瘤质量均低于单纯顺铂组;顺铂联合各剂量十全大补汤总多糖组肿瘤细胞的凋亡率明显高于单纯顺铂组,而脾细胞的凋亡率均明显又低于单纯顺铂组（P〈0.05）;顺铂联合各剂量十全大补汤总多糖组IL-2,IFN-γ和TNF-α的分泌水平均明显高于单纯顺铂组（P〈0.05）。结论：十全大补汤总多糖可促进顺铂诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,并能保护顺铂对脾细胞的损伤作用、促进荷瘤小鼠IL-2,IFN-γ和TNF-α的分泌,与顺铂联合应用具有减毒增效作用。     

红花多糖对人PBMC增殖活性及分泌细胞因子的影响

[目的]探讨红花多糖(SPS)对人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)的增殖作用及PBMC诱生细胞因子的影响。[方法]采集健康成人外周血,常规分离PBMC,体外与不同浓度的SPS共同培养,检测PBMC的增殖活性及白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)的水平。[结果]SPS对PBMC增殖有促进作用,以1.25g/L和0.625g/L剂量组增殖活性增加明显(P<0.05);红花多糖(SPS)各组IL-2和IFN-γ水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而各组TNF-α的水平无显著性差异。[结论]SPS可促进PBMC的增殖,提高IL-2和IFN-γ水平,增强免疫功能。     

裂蹄木层孔菌抗肿瘤作用及其机制研究

目的 研究裂蹄木层孔菌的抗肿瘤作用及其机制。方法 制备S₁₈₀、H₂₂、MFC实体瘤小鼠模型和S₁₈₀腹水瘤小鼠模型。将3种实体瘤模型小鼠均分为模型组,裂蹄木层孔菌低、中、高剂量（0.5、1.0、2.0 g/kg）组和环磷酰胺（CTX）阳性对照组,S₁₈₀腹水瘤小鼠模型加设对照组。观察裂蹄木层孔菌对腹水瘤小鼠生存时间以及实体瘤小鼠瘤质量、胸腺和脾脏指数、血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平的影响。结果 与模型组比较,裂蹄木层孔菌低、中、高剂量均能延长S₁₈₀腹水瘤小鼠的生存时间（P＜0.05）,抑制肿瘤生长（P＜0.05）,提高胸腺和脾脏指数（P＜0.05）及血清IL-2（P＜0.05）和TNF-α水平（P＜0.01）。结论 裂蹄木层孔菌对小鼠肉瘤S₁₈₀、肝癌H₂₂细胞、前胃癌MFC肿瘤的生长有明显抑制作用,显示一定的抗肿瘤效应,其可能通过提高免疫器官指数及血清中IL-2、TNF-α的水平达到抗肿瘤目的。     

调气消积汤对Lewis肺肿瘤小鼠抑瘤作用及细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

[目的]探讨调气消积汤对Lewis肺肿瘤的抑瘤作用及细胞凋亡的影响。[方法]C57BL/6小鼠常规接种Lewis肺肿瘤,随机分为:荷瘤对照组(MG)、调气消积汤组(TG)、顺铂组(DG)、综合组(ZG),每组10只。每天分别予饮用水、调气消积汤各0.4 mL灌胃,共12 d;隔日1次腹腔注射生理盐水、顺铂0.13 mL共3 d。观察其日常生活状况和肿瘤生长情况,应用原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)检测调气消积汤对Lewis肺肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响。[结果]调气消积汤能改善Lewis肺肿瘤小鼠一般状况,与荷瘤对照组比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各治疗组的瘤质量均低于荷瘤对照组,差异显著(P<0.01)。光镜下观察,各治疗组与荷瘤对照组比较,异型细胞较少,染色质浓缩边集,病理性核分裂较少。TUNEL法结果显示,各治疗组与荷瘤对照组相比凋亡细胞明显增多,绿色荧光强度高;尤以综合组增多最为明显。[结论]调气消积汤可以改善荷瘤小鼠的一般生活状况,对Lewis肺肿瘤有抑制作用,能促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

清热利湿外治法对宫颈癌荷瘤裸鼠抗肿瘤作用与MARK信号通路的关系

[目的] 探讨清热利湿外治法对HPV（+）宫颈癌荷瘤裸鼠模型抗肿瘤作用及对ERK及P38/MAPK信号通路的影响。[方法] 建立人宫颈癌Siha细胞荷瘤裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,裸鼠成瘤后,按随机数字表法分为5组,即顺铂组、空白对照组和清热利湿外治法高剂量（0.942 8 mg/kg）、中剂量（0.471 4 mg/kg）、低剂量组（0.235 7 g/kg）,连续用药观察28天。停药24小时后处死裸鼠,完整取出肿瘤组织,测量肿瘤体积及体质量,计算抑瘤率。将肿瘤组织切片后,HE染色法观察肿瘤的形态学变化,运用免疫组化SP的方法,检测肿瘤组织中的p-ERK及p-p38蛋白表达水平。[结果] 清热利湿外治法用药组的移植瘤体积均明显小于空白对照组（P<0.05）,高、中、低剂量组抑瘤率分别为36.23%、31.24%和14.94%;HE染色法显示清热利湿外治法用药组裸鼠的移植瘤组织出现明显坏死改变;清热利湿外治法中剂量、高剂量治疗组的p-ERK及p-p38蛋白水平明显下降,与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。[结论] 清热利湿外治法对人宫颈癌Siha细胞移植瘤的生长具有明显抑制作用;其作用机制可能与下调ERK/P38 MARK（丝裂原活化蛋白激酶）信号转导通路的磷酸化水平有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.