Cytopathological and immunocytochemical findings of pancreatic anaplastic carcinoma with ZEB1 expression by means of touch imprint cytology

Pancreatic anaplastic carcinoma (PAC) is rare and has an aggressive clinical course. We report an autopsy case of PAC focusing on the cytopathological characteristics of the tumor and immunocytochemical staining for vimentin, E‐cadherin, and zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), which markers are associated with epithelial markers of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). A 50‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of jaundice. A pancreatic head tumor and multiple liver nodules were detected on abdominal computed tomography. Biliary cytology under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography suggested ductal adenocarcinoma. Three months after admission, she died of multiorgan failure. At autopsy, touch imprint cytology using squash preparation of the pancreatic tumor identified two different cell types; numerous isolated malignant cells with large and pleomorphic nuclei and a few clusters showing irregularly overlapped nuclei and irregular contours within the necrotic background. Immunocytochemically, isolated cells were positive for vimentin and ZEB1, and negative for E‐cadherin. Conversely, clusters were negative for vimentin and ZEB1, and positive for E‐cadherin. Histologically, the tumor was composed of sarcomatous cells with small foci of adenocarcinoma, which were consistent with a diagnosis of PAC. Immunohistochemical staining of the adenocarcinoma and sarcomatous cells corresponded to those of the clusters and isolated malignant cells, respectively. Immunostaining of these EMT markers is useful to distinguish sarcomatous cells from adenocarcinoma and can contribute to the accurate diagnosis of pancreatic tumors with EMT.     

Cytological findings of ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma

ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma has been recently identified. We report a case of ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma with special emphasis on cytological findings. Here, we report a case of young woman with ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by cytology and discuss the clinical, cytological, and molecular findings. Cytologically, the tumor consisted of small tight clusters of cells with high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Nuclei were enlarged and small nucleoli were occasionally observed. Signet‐ring cells were focally identified. Neoplastic cells were positive for ROS1 immunocytochemistry. Subsequently, the translocation of ROS1 gene was confirmed in a histological specimen. In conclusion, the specific histology of adenocarcinoma on cytological materials should promote testing for ROS1 immunohistochemistry. Immunocytochemical detection of ROS1 protein helps identify patients suitable for molecular targeted therapy.     

螺旋CT血管造影及CT仿真内窥镜技术对主动脉夹层的诊断与评价

目的：探讨螺旋CT血管造影（SCTA）及CT仿真内镜（CTVE）技术对主动脉夹层诊断的临床应用价值。材料与方法；12例主动脉夹层行螺旋CT血管造影及二维和三维重建，二维重建包括多平面重建（MPR）及曲面重建（CRI）。三维重建包括表面遮盖成像（SSD）及最大密度投影（MIP），其中6例行主动脉CTVE成像。结果：SCTA横断面CT，MPR及CRI均显示12例主动脉夹层真腔与假腔，剥离内膜，瘤壁钙化及血栓，械断面CT显示4例内膜破裂口，MPR及CRI显示5例内膜破裂口，SSD及MIR显示12例真腔与假腔及剥离内膜，2例主动脉弓分支血管，SSD及MIP图像直观，立体感强，但均不能显示夹层动脉瘤内部结构情况及内膜破口，CTVE显示5例主动脉夹层真腔与假腔及其内壁，剥离内膜。结论：以主动脉SCTA的横断面CT图像为基础。结论其MPR，CRI，SSD，MIP及CTVE图像是诊断与评价主动脉夹层最有效无创伤性检查方法之一。     

实时灰阶超声造影和螺旋CT诊断肝肿瘤的比较研究

目的比较实时超声造影和螺旋CT显示肝肿瘤血流信号的特点.方法对29例肝肿瘤(原发性肝癌16例,转移性肝癌2例,血管瘤6例和肝局灶性结节增生5例)分别进行超声造影和CT检查.结果超声造影显示肝恶性肿瘤的整体型、血管瘤的周边型及局灶性结节增生的中央型出现率显著高于其他病变(P<0.01).CT示恶性肿瘤中94.4%(17/18) 动脉期强化、门脉期低密度;血管瘤中83.3%(5/6)呈结节状强化;肝局灶性结节增生动脉期均明显强化.超声造影和CT鉴别肝肿瘤的能力无显著差异.结论超声造影和CT都能敏感地显示不同肝肿瘤的血供特征.     

子宫肌瘤的CT诊断

目的：总结子宫肌瘤的ＣＴ特证，讨论其应用价值。材料与方法：分析３８例经手术病理证实为子宫肌瘤的ＣＴ征象，对横断面上显示病变大小、位置与宫腔关系及病变的强化进行评价。结果：３８例中除１例误诊为子宫内膜癌外，ＣＴ都确诊为子宫肌瘤，其ＣＴ诊断准确率为９７３％。其中浆膜下型１０例，壁间型１８例，粘膜下型２例，混合型８例。全部病例子宫均有不同程度增大；肌瘤表现为低密度或等密度的实质性肿块，边界清楚。较大的肌瘤可有低密度坏死灶。钙化灶３例，占７９％。增强扫描肌瘤与正常肌层相差５～１０ＨＵ。结论：ＣＴ在显示子宫肌瘤的大小、位置与宫腔关系上有较高的诊断价值，可作为Ｂ超检查的重要补充手段