Pre-strain effect of on fracture performance of high-strength steel welds

Fracture toughness of pre-strain effect was determined as a function of the temperature in structural steels of the 600 to 780 MPa class. Cyclic loading during earthquakes produces pre-strain in the component, which is enhanced at the region of strain concentration. During the Kobe Great Earthquake in 1995 in Japan, 10 to 15 % pre-strain was recorded at the beam-to-column connection. The relationship between critical CTOD and CGHAZ length was sampled by fatigue pre-crack for pre-strained HAZ, which is a significant decrease compared to that of the base metal. Furthermore, the effect of pre-strain is discussed in terms of the CTOD and Charpy impact energy of the local brittle zone.     

A novel transfer learning approach for the classification of histological images of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most diagnosed cancer in the United States. It is identified by histopathological evaluations of microscopic images of the cancerous region, relying on a subjective interpretation. The Colorectal Histology dataset used in this study contains 5000 images, made available by the University Medical Center Mannheim. This approach proposes the automatic identification of eight types of tissues found in CRC histopathological evaluation. We apply Transfer Learning from architectures of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). We modify the structures of CNNs to extract features from the images and input them to well-known machine learning methods: Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron, k-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). We evaluated 108 extractor–classifier combinations. The one that achieved the best results is DenseNet169 with SVM (RBF), reaching an Accuracy of 92.083% and F1-Score of 92.117%. Therefore, our approach is capable of distinguishing tissues found in CRC histopathological evaluation.

     

Performance of (1 1 0) p-channel SOI-MOSFETs fabricated by deep-amorphization and solid-phase epitaxial regrowth processes

The impact of local deep-amorphization (DA) and subsequent solid-phase epitaxial regrowth (SPER) are studied for the co-integration of devices with hybrid surface orientation. Thin-body p-channel transistors with 20 nm thick film and HfO₂ gate insulator/metal gate along several directions on a (1 1 0) substrate were fabricated and characterized. No deterioration of transconductance or threshold voltage was induced by DA/SPER process. Device co-integration using DA/SPER process is therefore a realistic option. 〈1 1 0〉 channel on (1 1 0) SOI film yields a 200% gain on the current for the (1 0 0) surface orientation. However, the benefit of it decreases with the channel length.     

Thermal Decomposition of Titanium Alkoxide and Silicate Ester in Organic Solvent: A New Method for Synthesizing Large-Surface-Area, Silica-Modified Titanium(IV) Oxide of High Thermal Stability

Silica-modified titanium oxide (S-TiO₂) powders that have an anatase structure were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of mixtures of titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TIP) and tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) in toluene at 300°C. These S-TiO₂ materials had high rutile-transformation temperatures and maintained large surface areas at elevated temperatures (550°–1000°C). For example, the product that was prepared from a 9:1 TIP:TMOS mixture transformed to rutile at ∼1100°C and possessed a surface area of 160 m²/g, even after calcination at 800°C for 1 h.     

60-GHz-band coplanar MMIC active filters

This paper presents the design and performance of 60-GHz-band coplanar monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) active filters. To compensate for the loss of the passive filter, a resonator composed of a quarter-wavelength line is terminated by a circuit with a constant negative resistance over a wide frequency band. Cross-coupling is introduced to make the attenuation poles on both sides of the passband. We develop two types of two-stage filter: one with medium bandwidth and the other with narrow bandwidth. The former shows an insertion loss of 3.0 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.6 GHz and a rejection of larger than 20 dB at a 3-GHz separation from a center frequency of 65.0 GHz. This filter also shows a noise figure of 10.5 dB. The latter filter shows an insertion loss of 2.8 dB with a 10-dB bandwidth of 2.1 GHz at a center frequency of 65.0 GHz. It also shows an output power of 5.0 dBm at a 1-dB compression point. The loss variation due to temperature variation is successfully compensated using a gate bias control circuit. The size of the MMIC filters is 2.5 mm/spl times/1.1 mm.     

β-phase transformation and thermoelectric power in FeSi2 and Fe2Si5 based alloys containing small amounts of Cu

The effects of Cu addition on the β phase formation rate and the thermoelectric power in various FeSi₂ and Fe₂Si₅ based alloys was examined. The peritectoid reaction (a+→β) in FeSi₂ alloys was initially enhanced by the addition of Cu but it became slower for longer annealing times. The retained metallic ε was harmful for the thermoelectric power. The inherent thermoelectric properties of (FeSi₂)_99−XMn₁Cu_X (X=0–1.O at.%), (FeSi₂)_99−X Co₁Cu_X (X=0–1.0 at.%) alloys were attained after the elimination of ε. In the case of eutectoid reaction (→β+Si). Differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and microscopic observation clearly confirmed that the eutectoid reaction rate was drastically enhanced by the addition of a small amount of Cu and its rate decreased with decreasing Cu content. The rate also depends on the annealing temperature and reached a maximum at about 1073 K for most alloys. The addition of only 0.1 at.% Cu was still very effective even in Mn or Co doped alloys. The thermoelectric power of these alloys increased very quickly with annealing time. Their final values decreased with Cu content and saturated at 0.2 at.% Cu. The value of the 0.1 at.% Cu added alloy was higher than that of both the conventional p- and a-type FeSi₂ based alloys. These results suggest that the Fe₂Si₅ alloys with a small amount of Cu may be attractive as new thermoelectric materials.     

Detection of light-absorbing iron oxide particles using a modified single-particle soot photometer

Copyright © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research     

The earlier detection of myocardial damage in open heart surgery using serum human heart fatty acid-binding protein

Human heart fatty acid-binding protein (HH-FABP), which is a low molecular weight protein and abundant in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells, is reported to be released into the circulation shortly after the onset of acute myocardial damage. However, the changes in serum HH-FABP levels in open heart surgery have not been elucidated. To determine whether HH-FABP enables the earlier detection of myocardial damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion in open heart surgery, we measured the serial levels of serum HH-FABP, CK-MB and Troponin T (TnT) at every 15 min for 48 hours after reperfusion in 10 adult patients with coronary artery bypass graft. The serum HH-FABP levels reached the peak within 60 min after reperfusion (mean +/- SD; 49 +/- 7 min), and this was significantly (p < 0.001) earlier than CK-MB (212 +/- 108 min) and TnT (244 +/- 150 min). The peak value of serum HH-FABP had a significant correlation to the peak value of serum CK-MB or TnT (r = 0.815, p = 0.02; r = 0.925, p = 0.0001, respectively). These results indicate that serum HH-FABP enables the earlier detection of myocardial damage than the other markers in the patients with open heart surgery.