首尔地面公交系统改革的成功经验

随着经济、人口的快速发展,首尔开展了一次针对地面公交系统的成功而深刻的变革。其中包括组建以公众参与为基础的公交系统改革公民委员会,形成了“以线路连接为导向的公交系统”,采用新型公交智能卡、票价新制度以及信息一体化的管理系统。     

基于贝叶斯理论的城市供水管网泄漏在线检测与定位

许多城市的供水管网都安装了SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)系统,基于SCADA系统监测到的数据可对管网泄漏进行检测。通过引进统计学概率论中一基本定理——贝叶斯定理来建立管网泄漏的在线检测与定位模型,一定程度上解决了水力模拟误差、测量误差、测点配置等因素导致的不确定性问题。模型通过实例考核取得较为满意的诊断结果。     

A bacterial colony growth algorithm for mobile robot localization

Achieving robot autonomy is a fundamental objective in Mobile Robotics. However in order to realize this goal, a robot must be aware of its location within an environment. Therefore, the localization problem (i.e.,the problem of determining robot pose relative to a map of its environment) must be addressed. This paper proposes a new biology-inspired approach to this problem. It takes advantage of models of species reproduction to provide a suitable framework for maintaining the multi-hypothesis. In addition, various strategies to track robot pose are proposed and investigated through statistical comparisons. The Bacterial Colony Growth Algorithm (BCGA) provides two different levels of modeling: a background level that carries on the multi-hypothesis and a foreground level that identifies the best hypotheses according to an exchangeable strategy. Experiments, carried out on the robot ATRV-Jr manufactured by iRobot, show the effectiveness of the proposed BCGA.

Constraints propagation techniques on intervals for a guaranteed localization using redundant data

In order to estimate continuously the dynamic location of a car, dead reckoning and absolute sensors are usually merged. The models used for this fusion are non-linear and, therefore, classical tools (such as Bayesian estimation) cannot provide a guaranteed estimation. In some applications, integrity is essential and the ability to guaranty the result is a crucial point. There are bounded-error approaches that are insensitive to non-linearity. In this context, the random errors are only modeled by their maximum bounds. This paper presents a new technique to merge the data of redundant sensors with a guaranteed result based on constraints propagation techniques on real intervals. We have thus developed an approach for the fusion of the two ABS wheel encoders of the rear wheels of a car, a fiber optic gyro and a differential GPS receiver in order to estimate the absolute location of a car. Experimental results show that the precision that one can obtain is acceptable, with a guaranteed result, in comparison with an extended Kalman filter. Moreover, constraints propagation techniques are well adapted to a real-time context.     

基于信息融合的管道机器人定位控制研究

提出了低频电磁波、视觉、计程轮这3种管道机器人定位方法;分析了3种传感器定位精度、作用范围和工作速率的特点;在考虑3种定位方法精度条件下,给出了传感器的优先权系数计算方法与基于优先权系数的D-S证据融合信度函数;通过D-S证据融合规则得到融合证据,解决了多传感器定位中决策传感器的选择问题,以实现管道机器人准确、快速地定位.     

软件本地化过程中的流程优化

本文简要介绍了软件本地化过程的流程构成，流程优化的重要性；并结合流程优化理论和方法，通过应用实例：文件存放，人员安排和项目记录，增强互动，简繁体转换、本地化总体实践、图形图像处理、用户界面和技术文档本地化等过程的改进和优化，对流程优化与改进在软件本地化过程中的应用进行了说明。     

人脸自动识别方法综述

简要回顾了人脸自动识别技术的研究背景及发展历程；重点对近年来人脸自动识别方法的研究进展进行综述，并对各种方法加以评价；总结了现在存在的研究困难并提出了解决方法及今后的发展方向。     

The minimum positional error incurred by any connectivity-based positioning algorithm for mobile wireless systems

A very important problem in many wireless ad-hoc networks, including wireless sensor networks, is positioning or the determination of geographical locations of the wireless nodes. Positioning is used both in infrastructural aspects of sensor networks, like geographic routing and topology maintenance, and in applications like wildlife tracking. Connectivity-based positioning algorithms in mobile wireless systems are studied in this work. These algorithms compute node positions based only on the connectivity, i.e. the neighborhood information of each node. Many algorithms have been proposed for positioning in stationary node systems and bounds on positional error of algorithms have been derived. The design and analysis of positioning algorithms for mobile node systems is a more challenging problem. Node mobility increases the amount of positional information available to a positioning algorithm. The work in this paper establishes a bound on the positional error for connectivity-based algorithms in mobile systems. The formulation from the analysis is used to investigate the benefit of this additional positional information on reducing positional error. There is a limit to the usefulness of positional information from previous node positions due to movement. This captures an important performance tradeoff: historical positional information can yield reduced positional error but requires more connectivity information from the network which requires greater computational resources.     

Influence of Implicit Integration Scheme on Prediction of Shear Band Formation

Implicit integration schemes for elastoplastic constitutive equations have been developed in recent years as an alternative to explicit schemes. The consistent tangent constitutive matrix Dcon that results from implicit schemes makes the global stiffness matrix consistent with the implicit integration procedure and differs from the traditional continuum tangent constitutive matrix Dep that results from explicit schemes. Onset of strain localization and shear banding has been traditionally predicted using the continuum tangent constitutive matrix. It is shown that different criteria for onset of shear-band formation are obtained depending on whether Dcon or Dep is used. It is shown that shear band prediction using Dcon is step-size dependent, and that the use of Dcon influences the predicted onset of strain localization in frictional materials. An analytical equation for prediction of the onset of shear-band formation using Dcon for the Mohr–Coulomb model is developed, and a numerical example is presented.     

超大超长特种托辊的国产化研制

通过详细分析原翻转托辊的结构特点,采用新型的托辊结构,克服了原有的缺陷,使托辊整体结构更趋合理,达到了用户提出的承载能力强、刚性好、寿命长的要求。