小切口白内障囊外摘除手术治疗硬核白内障的临床效果

目的探讨小切口白内障囊外摘除手术治疗硬核白内障的临床效果。方法选择我院2019年5月至2020年5月收治的78例硬核白内障患者为研究对象,根据随机摸球法将其分成参照组(超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗)和研究组(小切口白内障囊外摘除术治疗),各39例。比较两组的治疗效果。结果术后1周、1个月、3个月,两组视力0.5~1.0的患者占比均高于术前(P<0.05)。术后1周、1个月、3个月,研究组的眼压、散光度均低于参照组(P<0.05)。术后,两组的角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比例均低于术前(P<0.05)。研究组的并发症总发生率低于参照组(P<0.05)。结论小切口白内障囊外摘除手术治疗硬核白内障的效果显著,可改善患者视力、眼压及散光度,促使瞳孔区角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比例下降,降低术后并发症发生率。     

The impact of donor pancreas extraction time on graft survival and postoperative complications in pancreas transplant recipients

BackgroundSimultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation (SPK) is the best therapeutic option for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and end-stage renal disease. Recently, donor organ extraction time has been shown to affect kidney and liver graft survival. This study aimed to assess the effect of pancreas donor extraction time on graft survival and postoperative complications.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all pancreas transplants performed in two Eurotransplant centers. The association of pancreas extraction time with pancreas graft survival was analyzed by a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis after 3 months, 1 and 5 year. Besides, the effect of pancreas extraction time on the incidence of severe postoperative complications was analyzed.ResultsA total of 317 pancreas transplants were included in this study. Death-censored pancreas graft survival was 85.7% after one year and 76.7% after five years. Median pancreas donor extraction time was 64 min [IQR: 52–79 min]. After adjustment for potential confounders, death censored graft survival after 30 days (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.9–1.03 (p = 0.23), 1 year (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.03 (p = 0.22) and 5 years (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.02 (p = 0.57) was not associated with pancreas donor extraction time. However, extraction time was significantly associated with a higher incidence of Clavien-Dindo ≥3 complications compared to Clavien-Dindo 1 + 2 complications: OR 1.012, 95% CI 1.00–1.02 (p = 0.039).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that although no effect on graft survival was found, limiting pancreas extraction time can have a significant impact on lowering postoperative complications.     

牙拔除术新技巧

随着口腔外科器械的发展与技术的进步，牙拔除术的治疗理念已逐渐向标准化、规范化、舒适化和人性化过渡，除普及规范、标准的手术技术外，在牙拔除术中如何选择合适的手术方法、掌握正确的拔牙技巧与原理是牙拔除术得以安全、微创、高效进行的保证，也为牙槽骨功能性保存与修复重建提供良好的条件与基础。文章就牙拔除术相关的新技巧做一介绍。     

Automatic Extraction of Comprehensive Cardiac CT Angiography Parameters: A Novel Program with High Accuracy and Efficiency

We tested the accuracy and efficiency of a novel automated program capable of extracting 15 cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) parameters from clinical CTA reports. Five hundred cardiac CTA reports were retrospectively collected and processed. All reports were pre-populated with a structured template per guideline. The program extracted 15 parameters with high accuracy (97.3 %) and efficiency (84 s). This program may be used at other institutions with similar accuracy if its report format follows the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT) guideline recommendation.     

Man-Made Synthetic Receptors for Capture and Analysis of Ochratoxin A

Contemporary analytical methods have the sensitivity required for Ochratoxin A detection and quantification, but direct application of these methods on real samples can be rarely performed because of matrix complexity. Thus, efficient sample pre-treatment methods are needed. Recent years have seen the increasing use of artificial recognition systems as a viable alternative to natural receptors, because these materials seem to be particularly suitable for applications where selectivity for Ochratoxin A is essential. In this review, molecularly imprinted polymers, aptamers and tailor-made peptides for Ochratoxin A capture and analysis with particular attention to solid phase extraction applications will be discussed.