Measurement of Consumed Energy Due to the Two-Phase Pressure Drop in a Pulsed Semi-Industrial Column: Effect of Geometry

This article deals with the evaluation of pressure drop and consumption of energy for a steady-state solvent extraction in a horizontal pulsed sieve-plate column, which are important for the design and optimization of the periodic-flow processes for industrial applications. In this study, the pressure drop and the position of loading points are investigated. Moreover, a mathematical evaluation on the energy consumption in the case of a pulsed flow is conducted, and besides the influence of pulsation intensity, the effect of geometrical parameters including the plate spacing and plate-free area is investigated as well. The results of this study are helpful for optimization of column geometry targeted to higher performance and lower energy consumption.     

离子液体/低共熔溶剂在煤基液体分离中的应用

为了实现煤基液体各组分利用价值最大化，本文综述了离子液体和低共熔溶剂对组分组成复杂的煤基液体进行高效萃取分离的研究进展。首先介绍了离子液体和低共熔溶剂的性质及分类；其次根据分离目标的不同，将离子液体和低共熔溶剂对煤基液体典型组分的萃取分离分为四个方面进行阐述：煤基液体提酚、燃料油萃取脱硫、燃料油萃取脱氮、芳烃和脂肪烃的分离。分析表明，离子液体和低共熔溶剂对实际煤基液体的提酚效果较好，能分离出绝大多数的酚类化合物；燃料油萃取脱硫时，离子液体和低共熔溶剂对实际煤基液体的单次脱硫率均不高，需3～5次重复萃取后才能获得理想效果；燃料油中的碱性及非碱性含氮化合物很难被同一种离子液体或低共熔溶剂一次性分离出，导致实际油品的脱氮率较低；大多数离子液体和低共熔溶剂进行芳烃和脂肪烃的分离时不能获得理想的分配系数和选择性，尚无法用于实际芳烃和脂肪烃的分离。氢键、π-π、CH-π、范德华力等分子间相互作用的差异是实现离子液体或低共熔溶剂进行煤基液体典型组分分离的主要原因。依据分离对象，设计合适的离子液体和低共熔溶剂，提高实际煤基液体分离时的萃取率和选择性；分析并解决离子液体和低共熔溶剂用于实际煤基液体各组分分离时可能出现的问题，势必会推进煤基液体高值化分离的工业化进程。     

Diagnosis of disc bulge and disc desiccation in lumbar MRI using concatenated shape and texture features with random forest classifier

Disc bulge and disc desiccation are the most common abnormalities occurring in the spine, which leads to severe low back pain. Despite computer-aided automatic abnormality diagnostic imaging systems are available still there is a need for betterment in diagnostic accuracy and in processing time. Image processing with combined imaging features like shape and texture has given better diagnostic ability when compared with processing with individual features. In the present study, the desiccated and bulged Intervertebral Discs (IVDs) are diagnosed automatically by combining shape features extracted using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and texture feature extracted using novel Local Sub-Rhombus Binary Relation Pattern (LS-RBRP) techniques with Random Forest (RF) classifier. The performance analysis projects that the RF with HOG+LS-RBRP has an overall better accuracy of 94.7% when compared with HOG (87%) and LS-RBRP (90.2%) with RF classifier separately in categorizing the normal IVD, disc bulge and disc desiccation in the lumbar spine MRI.     

特厚煤层综放工作面瓦斯抽采技术研究

为解决蒋家河煤矿采空区瓦斯涌出量大、上隅角瓦斯超限和回风平巷风排瓦斯量大等问题,提出了本煤层预抽、专用瓦斯抽放巷抽采和上隅角埋管抽采瓦斯相结合的方法对该矿ZF202综放工作面进行瓦斯治理,进行了现场实测和瓦斯抽采效果分析。结果表明,本煤层预抽后,瓦斯含量由7.92 m^3/t下降为4.21 m^3/t,瓦斯压力由0.72 MPa下降为0.38 MPa;上隅角瓦斯浓度由0.78%下降至0.4%左右。通过对比,专用瓦斯抽放巷的抽采纯量是高位钻孔的2.5倍,抽采效果好于高位钻孔,使工作面和上隅角瓦斯浓度保持较低水平,有效地解决了特厚煤层综放工作面瓦斯超限问题,为安全生产提供了重要保障。     

Arabic sign language intelligent translator

ABSTRACT

Arabic sign language (ArSL) is method of communication between deaf communities in Arab countries; therefore, the development of systemsthat can recognize the gestures provides a means for the Deaf to easily integrate into society. In this research we implemented a computational structurefor an intelligent interpreter that automatically recognizes the isolated dynamic gestures. The proposed system recognizes and translates gesturesperformed with one or both hands. It comprises five subsystems, building dataset, video processing, feature extraction, mapping between ArSL and Arabictext, and text generation. To apply the system, 100-signs of ArSL was used, which was applied on 1500 video files. It's were divided into five classes:alphabet, numbers, "prepositions, pronouns and question words", Arabic life expressions, and "nouns and verbs". The evaluation indicated that thesystem automatically recognizes and translates isolated dynamic ArSL gestures by highly accurate manner. The results showed that the system accuracy is 95.8%.     

Food recognition using neural network classifier and multiple hypotheses image segmentation

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes the multiple-hypotheses image segmentation and feed-forward neural network classifier for food recognition to improve the performance. Initially, the food or meal image is given as input. Then, the segmentation is applied to identify the regions, where a particular food item is located using salient region detection, multi-scale segmentation, and fast rejection. Then, the features of every food item are extracted by the global feature and local feature extraction. After the features are obtained, the classification is performed for each segmented region using a feed-forward neural network model. Finally, the calorie value is computed with the aid of (i) food volume and (ii) calorie and nutrition measure based on mass value. The experimental results and performance evaluation are validated. The outcome of the proposed method attains 0.947 for Macro Average Accuracy (MAA) and 0.959 for Standard Accuracy (SA), which provides better classification performance.     

A simple method for purification of bromelain in a thermosensitive triblock copolymer-based protection system and recycling of phase components

In the work, we chose stem bromelain as a model to investigate the storage and purification of bromelain from pineapple peel. Extraction of bromelain from pineapple peel using a two-stage aqueous two-phase extraction system composed of a thermoseparating copolymer EOPOEO and K₂HPO₄. Bromelain predominantly partitioned to the EOPOEO-rich phase and then re-extract to the top dilute phase. The recovery of enzyme activity (68.6%) and purification factor (6.53) were determined under optimum conditions. The EOPOEO-rich phase and salt were recycled, and the recovery of enzyme activity could reach up to 60%. This method has been proved to obtain highly purified and stable bromelain.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from Moringa oleifera Lam. seed using various solvents

The present research analyzes the extraction of oil from Moringa oleifera Lam. seed using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) technique under different operating conditions such as temperature, solvent type, and time. Three factors with three levels Box-Behnken response surface design was employed to optimize and investigate the effect of process variables on the response (oil yield). The independent variables showed significant effect on the extraction process. Interactive effects of the extraction process variables were analyzed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA), and second-order polynomial model was used to plot the 3D response surface plot. Optimum extraction conditions for the maximizing the extraction yield of oil (59%) was found to be: temperature of 35°C, solvent type of 2, and time of 20 min. FT-IR was used to analysis the oil. From the results, it can be concluded that the UAE is the effective technique to extract the oil from Moringa oleifera Lam. seed.     

β-环糊精协同乙烯基咪唑离子液体脱除溶剂油中的萘

采用1-乙烯基-3-正丁基溴代咪唑离子液体（[VBIM]Br）为脱除剂，在β-环糊精协同作用下萃取溶剂油中的萘。本实验考察了不同单因素条件在[VBIM]Br离子液体与β-环糊精共同作用下对溶剂油中脱萘率的影响，同时通过响应面法优化脱除工艺条件。实验结果表明：[VBIM]Br离子液体与β-环糊精共同作用下对萘的萃取率比单独利用[VBIM]Br离子液体提高了15%以上，萃取率达到90%以上。离子液体简单回收后，重复使用5次过后，脱除率仍在80%以上。实验通过红外分析和紫外光谱分析了[VBIM]Br离子液体协同β-环糊精脱萘的机理，与[VBIM]Br离子液体协同作用下，β-环糊精对萘存在包合作用，实现了对溶剂油中萘的脱除。