Arabic sign language intelligent translator

ABSTRACT

Arabic sign language (ArSL) is method of communication between deaf communities in Arab countries; therefore, the development of systemsthat can recognize the gestures provides a means for the Deaf to easily integrate into society. In this research we implemented a computational structurefor an intelligent interpreter that automatically recognizes the isolated dynamic gestures. The proposed system recognizes and translates gesturesperformed with one or both hands. It comprises five subsystems, building dataset, video processing, feature extraction, mapping between ArSL and Arabictext, and text generation. To apply the system, 100-signs of ArSL was used, which was applied on 1500 video files. It's were divided into five classes:alphabet, numbers, "prepositions, pronouns and question words", Arabic life expressions, and "nouns and verbs". The evaluation indicated that thesystem automatically recognizes and translates isolated dynamic ArSL gestures by highly accurate manner. The results showed that the system accuracy is 95.8%.     

A new video magnification technique using complex wavelets with Radon transform application

Magnifying micro-movements of natural videos that are undetectable by human eye has recently received considerable interests, due to its impact in numerous applications. In this paper, we use dual tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT), to analyze video frames in order to detect and magnify micro-movements to make them visible. We use DT-CWT, due to its excellent edge-preserving and nearly-shift invariant features. In order to detect any minor change in object’s spatial position, the paper proposes to modify the phases of the CWT coefficients decomposition of successive video frames. Furthermore, the paper applies Radon transform to track frame micro-movements without any temporal band-pass filtering. The paper starts by presenting a simple technique to design orthogonal filters that construct this CWT system. Next, it is shown that modifying the phase differences between the CWT coefficients of arbitrary frame and a reference one results in image spatial magnification. This in turn, makes these micro-movements seen and observable. Several simulation results are given, to show that the proposed technique competes very well to the existing micro-magnification approaches. In fact, as it manages to yield superior video quality in far less computation time.     

Synthesis and characterization of a new photochromic alkylene sulfide derivative

A process has been developed for the synthesis of a new photochromic alkylene sulfide derivative. The process involves the synthesis of an alkylene sulfide with terminal free amino groups and a novel unsymmetrical photochromic diarylperfluorocyclopentene containing an aldehyde group, which coupled together to produce the corresponding Schiff base. The structures of the products were confirmed by a range of spectroscopic techniques.     

In Vitro Antiprotozoal Activity of Abietane Diterpenoids Isolated from Plectranthus barbatus Andr.

Chromatographic separation of the n-hexane extract of the aerial part of Plectranthus barbatus led to the isolation of five abietane-type diterpenes: dehydroabietane (1); 5,6-didehydro-7-hydroxy-taxodone (2); taxodione (3); 20-deoxocarnosol (4) and 6α,11,12,-trihydroxy-7β,20-epoxy-8,11,13-abietatriene (5). The structures were determined using spectroscopic methods including one- and two-dimensional NMR methods. Compounds (1)–(3) and (5) are isolated here for the first time from the genus Plectranthus. The isolated abietane-type diterpenes tested in vitro for their antiprotozoal activity against erythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium falciparum, intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi and free trypomastigotes of T. brucei. Cytotoxicity was determined against fibroblast cell line MRC-5. Compound (2) 5,6-didehydro-7-hydroxy-taxodone showed remarkable activity with acceptable selectivity against P. falciparum (IC₅₀ 9.2 μM, SI 10.4) and T. brucei (IC₅₀ 1.9 μM, SI 50.5). Compounds (3)–(5) exhibited non-specific antiprotozoal activity due to high cytotoxicity. Compound (1) dehydroabietane showed no antiprotozoal potential.     

Investigation of Crystal Structure,Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Spinel Mn-Cd Ferrite Nanoparticles

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Cd1 ? xMnxFe2O4 (x?=?0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) spinel ferrite nanoparticle samples were synthesized...     

An overheating‐tolerant space vector modulation algorithm for multilevel inverters

As promising and suitable candidates for high‐power applications, multilevel inverters have become one of the most promising solutions in various applications. However, power switching devices are highly subjected to thermal overheating, which leads to shortened lifetime and reduced reliability. Thermal overheating may result from the degradation of power switching devices due to continuous overloading and power cycling. In addition, degradation and faults in the cooling system of power switching devices may cause thermal stresses as well. A new overheating‐tolerant space vector modulation algorithm is proposed in this paper to alleviate thermal stresses from overheated power switching device. The proposed algorithm relies on using the redundancy property between switching states in multilevel inverters to continuously evaluate a cost function of the junction temperature of the overheated device for all possible switching sequence sets and then selects the optimal switching sequence. In addition, the proposed algorithm preserves the DC‐link capacitor voltage without reduction in the output current of the inverter. The proposed algorithm is general, which can be applied to n‐level inverters. Both simulation and experimental results reveal the efficient performance of the proposed algorithm using a three‐level T‐type inverter as a case study. Accordingly, the lifetime and reliability of the inverter are enhanced considerably using the proposed algorithm. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Photocatalytic Synthesis of p-Anisaldehyde in a Mini Slurry-Bubble Reactor under Solar Light Irradiation

Dense photocatalyst slurry was employed for the synthesis of p-anisaldehyde under solar light irradiation. An Fe-modified rutile TiO ₂ (Fe-TiO _2, 34.5 m ²/g) photocatalyst was used as a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst. A conventional TiO ₂ (P25, 35 m ²/g) photocatalyst was also examined as a reference catalyst. XRD patterns and diffuse reflectance spectra showed that Fe-TiO ₂ consists of 100 % rutile phase and absorbs more visible light compared to P25, respectively. The catalyst powder was suspended in an ethyl acetate solution of p-methoxytoluene in the mini-reactor, with oxygen bubbling, under a solar simulator, visible light, and UV LEDs. p-anisaldehyde, as a reaction product, was analyzed by sampling using gas-chromatograph. Regardless of the light source, Fe-TiO ₂ always outperformed P25 in terms of both generation rates (GR) of p-anisaldehyde and energy requirements (ER). It was demonstrated that the highly dense Fe-TiO ₂ slurry was efficient for the synthesis under solar light owing to the small size of the reactor. The small amount of Pt and ZrO ₂ cocatalysts significantly enhanced the GR under solar light. By adopting a visible light responsive Fe-TiO ₂ photocatalyst, the mini slurry-bubble reactor under solar light achieved a high GR per catalyst mass (CM), which is one to two orders higher than that reported by most previous studies with high-power lamps.     

Real-time quality authentication of honey using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (APCI-MS)

The aim of this study was to use gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and APCI-MS techniques to detect adulteration in honey. The key volatile compounds in the headspace of the adulterated honey were marked by GC-MS and their representative fragment ions were utilised in scanning honey samples using the real-time APCI-MS system. The PLS models validated using independent data sets resulted in coefficient of the determination () of 0.97 and 0.96 and root mean square error in prediction (RMSEP) of 2.62 and 2.45 for the GC-MS and APCI-MS data sets respectively. The most efficient volatiles from GC-MS analysis and their corresponding fragment ions m/z from APCI-MS data analysis were then identified and used to develop new PLS models to predict the level of adulteration. The best PLS model gave of 0.95 and RMEP of 2.60% in the independent validation set indicating that the model was very accurate in predicting the level of adulteration.     

Dielectric and electrical properties of MoO3-doped borophosphate glass: dielectric spectroscopy investigations

A series of (50 ? x) P₂O₅–20B₂O₃–20CaO–10Na₂O (x?=?0–15 mol% MoO₃) glass composition was prepared. Glass structure was analyzed using infrared absorption, UV–visible spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, density, and molar volume calculations. FTIR confirmed that Mo ions are contributed as MoO₆ octahedral units in the glassy matrix, resulting in an increase in the pyrophosphate and BO₃ groups at the expense of metaphosphate and BO₄ units. UV–visible and ESR spectra detected Mo³⁺ and Mo⁵⁺ ions as species in the host glass due to the increase in MoO₃ content. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy investigation on a broad range of frequencies and at different temperatures indicated that the enhancement of electrical conductivity of the prepared glasses due to molybdenum doping was prevented using confinement effect at the wells, causing demobilization of the charge carriers. Hence the dielectric spectra were caused by the mobility of charge carriers rather than the dynamics at the molecular scale. There is a clear correlation between the transport mechanism and dynamics at the interface of the charge carriers. Presently, the challenge is to understand if optimizing the accumulation of charges at the interfaces and electrodes is the origin of electrical storage energy.