嗜铬细胞瘤的外科治疗

目的：探讨嗜铬细胞瘤的外科治疗方法及临床效果。方法：通过外科手术的方法治疗52例嗜铬细胞瘤患者．观察其疗效。结果：术后7例（13．5％）患者发生低血压。病理提示良性嗜铬细胞瘤50例（96．2％），恶性嗜铬细胞瘤2例（3．8％）。出院时血压恢复正常42例（80．8％）。2例恶性嗜铬细胞瘤患者中．5年内均死于肿瘤转移。良性嗜铬细胞瘤者复发3例（5．8％），均复发于肾上腺区。结论：嗜铬细胞瘤的手术效果好。但手术风险大；良好的术前准备、术中及术后的监护可以降低手术死亡率。     

65例嗜铬细胞瘤的外科治疗

目的提高嗜铬细胞瘤的外科治疗水平。方法总结65例嗜铬细胞瘤的术前准备、手术操作及术后处理。男，35例；女，30例；年龄17-72岁。肾上腺内51例，肾上腺外15例。结果肿瘤切除术61例，膀胱部分切除术4例。术后血压正常59例，需要降压药物控制6例。术后病理良性62例，恶性3例均于5年内死于肿瘤转移。结论外科手术治疗是嗜铬细胞瘤的根治方法，正确的围术期处理很重要。     

无症状性肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤（附3例报告）

无症状性肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤（附３例报告）王臣舜（齐鲁石化公司中心医院外科，２５５４００）关键词肿瘤；嗜铬细胞瘤；肾上腺；无症状性嗜铬细胞瘤无症状性肾上腺嗜铬细胞泪较少见，因为症状不明显，就诊都较晚，且多为恶性。我院收治３例，报告如下。１病例摘要例１．男...     

后腹腔镜在肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤手术中的应用研究

目的探讨后腹腔镜在肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤切除术的适应证和技术方法。方法回顾性分析该院收治的6例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者的临床资料,患者均接受后腹腔镜下肿瘤切除术治疗。结果 6例后腹腔镜下肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤手术均成功,术后恢复良好,平均手术时间112 min,平均出血量120 m L,术中平均补液量4 660 m L。2~4 d拔除引流管,术后平均住院时间10 d。无明显外科并发症,术后病理检查均证实为嗜铬细胞瘤。结论对肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的正确诊断、充分的术前准备和术者娴熟的操作技巧,可以明显降低手术并发症。     

妊娠合并恶性嗜铬细胞瘤行剖宫产术麻醉一例

嗜铬细胞瘤作为一种复杂的内分泌腺瘤，对血流动力学的影响较大。它来源于肾上腺髓质，交感神经节或体内其他部位的嗜铬组织。由于肿瘤分泌大量儿茶酚胺而出现以高血压和代谢紊乱为主的临床症候群，其主要临床表现为高血压和头痛、心悸、多汗三联症。目前对于嗜铬细胞瘤切除术的麻醉管理和围术期管理日臻成熟，围术期死亡率已经大大降低。但是合并有嗜铬细胞瘤的患者接受非肿瘤切除手术，特别是妊娠合并嗜铬细胞瘤的患者相当少见，关于此类患者的围术期处理经验相对不多。我们报道1例恶性嗜铬细胞瘤患者接受剖宫产手术的围术期管理及体会。     

介入栓塞治疗嗜铬细胞瘤临床疗效的初步探讨

目的探讨介入栓塞治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的安全性和临床应用价值.方法回顾性分析云南省肿瘤医院微创介入科收治的8例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者,均伴有继发性高血压.在DSA引导下通过介入栓塞肿瘤供血动脉,从而控制血压.结果本组8例患者均成功行介入栓塞治疗,术后6例患者血压恢复正常,2例患者血压恢复不明显,但无恶化.随访3～12个月,7例患者血压均恢复正常水平,另1例患者血压改善不理想.结论介入栓塞治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤具有创伤小、患者恢复快的优点,可尝试作为治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的方法之一.     

45例肾上腺外嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断和治疗

目的：探讨肾上腺外嗜铬细胞瘤的诊治特点方法：对1990～2002年间诊治的45例肾上腺外嗜铬细胞瘤患者病历资料进行回顾分析，总结其临床特点结果：严重的高血压为主要的临床表现。血压超过200／120mmHg者占80％(36／45)；多为阵发性高血压，占60％(27／45)尿儿萘酚胺(CA)增高占100％尿香草基扁桃酸(VMA)增高占89％(40／45)45例经B超诊断可发现肿瘤及位置30例经CT诊断发现肿瘤及位置，45例均行手术治疗，1例因术中损伤血管出血死亡结论：肾上腺外的嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断较为困难顽固性高血压应警惕本病的可能性、手术治疗是本病的首选，术后应长期随访。     

多发复发及恶性嗜铬细胞瘤

目的：探讨多发复发及感性嗜铬细胞瘤的特点，提高诊疗效果。方法：回顾性分析23例多发、复发及恶性嗜铬细胞瘤资料。结果：23例多发、复发及恶性嗜铬细胞瘤占同期嗜铬细胞瘤的18．4％(23／125)。多发性嗜铬细胞瘤11例，其中位于肾上腺6例，腹后壁5例，6例为单发嗜铬细胞瘤筋后单发肾上腺或腹后壁肿瘤。恶性嗜铬细胞瘤6例。结论：多发、复发嗜铬组织肿瘤存在同时多发和异时复发的可能，为良性肿瘤，而非嗜铬组织的多发、复发则为恶性嗜铬细胞瘤。     

肾上腺外和双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的手术治疗

探讨肾上腺外和双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的诊治方法.方法:12例肾上腺外和双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者,在充分术前准备后, 经腹行肿瘤切除术.结果:12例均手术成功,无并发症出现,术后症状消失,尿香草基杏仁酸降至正常.结论:经腹手术是治疗肾上腺外和双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的有效途径,囊内剜除术可减少损伤和出血,膀胱镜检对膀胱嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断价值有限.     

肾上腺肿瘤的诊断和外科治疗

目的 提高肾上腺肿瘤的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析41例肾上腺肿瘤患者的临床资料，诊断，围手术期处理及手术效果。结果41例肾上腺肿瘤中醛固酮瘤(APA)16例；嗜铬细胞瘤11例；皮质醇症7例，其中腺瘤4例，腺癌3例；肾上腺偶发瘤7例，其中腺瘤4例，嗜铬细胞瘤、纤维肉瘤、肾上腺髓质纤维脂肪瘤各1例。行肿瘤切除38例，行包括肿瘤在内的肾上腺全切除3例，术后病情稳定，康复出院，随诊时间平均6个月，未见肿瘤复发。结论手术切除肿瘤是肾上腺肿瘤的根治方法，正确的术前诊断和围手术期处理十分重要。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.