毛蚶多糖提取及脱色工艺的优化

目的探讨毛蚶多糖的提取及脱色工艺,为毛蚶多糖开发提供理论依据。方法采用水提法提取毛蚶多糖,硫酸-蒽酮法测多糖含量,利用正交试验确定毛蚶多糖最优提取条件;分别采用活性炭、H_2O_2、大孔树脂对毛蚶多糖进行脱色,并探讨脱色率与多糖损失率的关系。结果液固比为35∶1(ml/g)、温度为80℃、提取时间为2h时提取率最高,为9.20%。H_2O_2浓度为12.00%时脱色效果最好,脱色率为58.90%,多糖损失率为28.90%;活性炭添加量为0.08g/ml时脱色效果最佳,脱色率为61.90%,多糖损失率为32.70%;大孔树脂含量为0.1g/ml时,脱色率为66.60%,多糖损失率为27.50%。结论毛蚶多糖热水浸提法工艺经济、简单、合理可行。     

大枣渣多糖活性炭脱色工艺研究

目的：研究大枣渣多糖脱色的最佳条件。方法：分别以多糖含量、多糖得率和脱色率为指标，采用正交试验法对脱色的最佳工艺进行优选。结果：脱色最佳工艺为：在40℃下，调节pH=3．5，加入2%活性炭，搅拌20min。结论：该脱色工艺适合工业化应用。     

青钱柳叶多糖双氧水脱色工艺研究

目的:优化青钱柳叶多糖双氧水脱色工艺。方法:采用双氧水进行脱色处理,以脱色率及多糖保留率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上利用正交试验优化脱色工艺。结果:青钱柳叶多糖双氧水最佳脱色工艺为:在温度为70℃,双氧水体积分数为20%,调节p H值为8.5,脱色2 h。在此工艺下脱色率和多糖保留率分别达到85.2%、72.3%(n=3)。结论:双氧水对青钱柳多糖有较好的脱色效果。该脱色工艺操作简单、成本低廉、不引入其他杂质。     

正交设计优选碎米糖化液的脱色工艺

目的优选碎米糖化液脱色的最佳工艺条件。方法以活性炭为脱色剂,在单因素基础上进行正交试验,对碎米糖化液进行活性炭用量、加热温度和脱色时间等因素的考察,以葡萄糖保留率和脱色率为指标,选择最佳工艺。结果碎米糖化液活性炭脱色的最佳工艺为：糖化液加入3%的活性炭后,在70℃下脱色40 min。结论本文所建立的脱色工艺简单可行,可为进一步制备注射用葡萄糖的脱色工艺研究提供实验依据。     

鹿茸多糖提取工艺研究

目的：研究鹿茸多糖提取最佳工艺。方法：采用石油醚脱脂,水提醇沉法提取粗多糖,Sevage法除蛋白,双氧水脱色。正交试验法分别考察了提取温度、提取时间和料液比对鹿茸多糖得率的影响。采用苯酚硫酸法测定总多糖含量。结果：最佳的提取工艺条件为提取时间4 h,提取温度80℃,料液比1：30。结论：在最佳工艺条件下的鹿茸多糖得率为13.7%。     

平菇多糖提取工艺优化研究

[目的]优化水提法提取平菇多糖的工艺,为平菇多糖的提取提供一种简单有效的方法。[方法]通过单因素试验和正交试验对水提法提取平菇多糖的工艺进行了研究,考察料液比、提取时间、提取温度三个因素对平菇多糖提取率的影响,并以正交试验设计优化工艺条件。[结果]平菇多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为料液比1:35、提取时间3h、提取温度90℃。在此条件下得率可达2.84%。[结论]该方法简便、价廉、准确、灵敏度高,适合于平菇多糖的提取。     

基于BP神经网络对木瓜蛋白酶法提取鱼腥草多糖工艺的优化

目的结合正交试验与BP神经网络,筛选木瓜蛋白酶提取鱼腥草多糖的最佳工艺。方法以提取温度、提取时间及酶添加量为输入量,综合评分为输出量,用训练好的BP神经网络模型进行预测,寻找最优参数组合。结果由BP神经网络得到的最佳提取工艺为:pH=7.0,提取温度60℃,酶添加量2.0%,提取时间2.5 h,经试验验证其综合评分高于正交试验的最优组合的得分。结论 BP神经网络与正交试验相结合,可用于木瓜蛋白酶法提取鱼腥草多糖最优提取工艺的筛选。     

白簕粗多糖的脱色纯化及其产物降糖活性研究

【目的】探讨白簕粗多糖的最优脱色工艺条件参数,并考察脱色后多糖的降糖活性。【方法】以多糖保留率、脱色率为指标,比较AB-8、D-101、DM-301、HPD-600型大孔树脂和聚酰胺树脂的脱色效果,通过单因素考察与正交实验优化静态吸附脱色条件;并通过链脲霉素(STZ)诱导糖尿病小鼠模型考察脱色后多糖的降糖药理活性。【结果】HPD-600大孔树脂的脱色效果最好,其最佳脱色条件为:多糖溶液p H=4.0,液固比为30∶1(m L/g),20℃时慢速振摇吸附4 h。最佳条件下,粗多糖的脱色率为(80.09±1.06)%,多糖保留率为(87.90±2.04)%。降糖药理实验结果表明,脱色后白簕多糖对STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用,多糖高剂量组小鼠的血糖抑制率达43.04%。【结论】该脱色工艺稳定可靠,适用于白簕粗多糖的脱色纯化,且脱色后多糖有一定的降血糖功效。     

酶法提取女贞子多糖及其抗氧化性研究

目的 酶法优化女贞子多糖提取工艺.方法 利用纤维素酶处理女贞子提取多糖,分别以酶解时间、酶解温度、酶量和pH值为主要影响因素,采用L9(34)正交实验设计进行提取工艺的优化.结果 通过正交试验及验证性实验确定其最佳提取工艺条件为酶解时间120 min,酶解温度40℃,酶量1％,pH值为5.2.在此条件下,女贞子多糖提取率可达6.58％.结论 酶法提取的女贞子多糖具有显著的抗氧化活性,对DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基作用明显,是一种良好的天然抗氧化剂.     

猴头菌菌丝多糖提取工艺的研究

目的:研究猴头菌菌丝多糖提取的最佳工艺.方法:采用热水煎煮的提取工艺,通过单因素试验和正交试验L9(34),研究了菌丝粉细度、加水倍数、提取温度对多糖提取率的影响.结果:菌丝粉细度、提取温度是影响多糖提取率的主要因素,提取的最佳工艺条件为:细度65目的菌丝粉,提取温度为95℃,料液比(g:ml)1:8,提取时间为4h,分二次提取,在此工艺条件下,猴头菌菌丝粉中粗多糖提取率可达到2.67%.结论:正交试验得到的工艺稳定可行,可作为发酵猴头菌菌丝多糖的提取工艺.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…