乳腺癌伴同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移患者新辅助化疗后锁骨上淋巴结阳性的危险因素及预后分析

目的探讨乳腺癌伴同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移(ISLNM)患者新辅助化疗后锁骨上淋巴结仍为阳性的危险因素,并对患者的生存情况进行分析。 方法收集2005年1月至2015年7月在陆军军医大学西南医院乳腺甲状腺外科就诊的乳腺癌且影像学提示存在同时型ISLNM的患者资料进行回顾性研究。共纳入患者96例,均完成4～6个周期新辅助化疗、放射治疗及乳腺癌改良根治手术联合同侧锁骨上淋巴结清扫术,ER、PR或HER-2阳性患者分别接受了内分泌或靶向治疗。采用χ²检验及Fisher确切概率法分析患者的临床病理特征与新辅助化疗后锁骨上淋巴结阳性的关系,应用Logistic回归分析新辅助化疗后锁骨上淋巴结阳性的危险因素。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析患者的OS和DFS。 结果术后病理显示：96例患者中,锁骨上淋巴结阳性50例,占总数的52.1%。单因素分析结果显示,新辅助化疗后同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结阳性组与阴性组比较,以下临床病理特征的差异有统计学意义：腋窝淋巴结阳性数目、锁骨下淋巴结状态、内乳淋巴结状态及Ki67 (χ²＝36.501、20.548、6.750、5.186,P均<0.050)。多因素分析结果显示：新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结阳性数目≥4枚是同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结阳性患者的独立危险因素(腋窝淋巴结阳性数目为4～9枚：OR＝10.234, 95%CI：1.978～52.946, P＝0.006;腋窝淋巴结阳性数目>9枚：OR＝22.322, 95%CI：4.887～101.963,P<0.001)。96例患者的3年DFS和OS分别为64.7%、75.8%;5年DFS和OS分别为49.6%、65.0%。 结论新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结阳性数目≥4枚是乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结阳性的高危因素。对于影像学提示同时型ISLNM的乳腺癌患者,建议进行局部治疗(乳房、腋窝和锁骨上区手术及放射治疗)联合全身治疗(化疗、必要的内分泌及靶向治疗),以改善其生存。     

B7-H4在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移的相关性分析

目的 探究B7同源体4(B7-H4)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移的相关性。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年6月在我院接受新辅助化疗的82例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用活组织检查法评估肿瘤的病理类型,经新辅助化疗及乳腺癌改良根治术后获取乳腺癌组织和癌旁正常组织样本,采用免疫组化分析组织中B7-H4的表达。根据术后患者的病理确诊情况分为腋窝淋巴结转移组和腋窝淋巴结未转移组,采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析影响新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移情况的因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析B7-H4对乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移的诊断价值。构建列线图模型,采用ROC曲线和校准曲线对列线图模型的区分度和准确性进行验证。结果 B7-H4在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达率高于癌旁组织(85.37%vs. 9.76%,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,B7-H4表达情况、术前腋窝淋巴结阳性数目、新辅助化疗疗效、新辅助化疗后肿瘤T分期、ER状态、HER2状态、Ki-67表达情况和化疗完成周期数均为乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素(...     

结合超声特征的腋窝淋巴结阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝病理完全缓解的预测模型

摘 要：［目的］ 分析经空芯针穿刺活检证实腋窝淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC）后腋窝病理完全缓解(pathological complete response,pCR)率及其影响因素,并整合超声影像特征与已知的临床病理特征建立预测模型,为新辅助化疗后乳腺癌患者腋窝处理的降级提供信息。［方法］ 回顾性分析哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院2017年1月至2018年12月入院接受NAC的481例乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料及超声影像特征,使用Logistic回归模型对临床病理特征及超声特征与NAC后腋窝淋巴结pCR的关系进行单因素及多因素分析,采用多因素分析中具有独立预测作用的指标构建新辅助化疗后腋窝pCR的预测列线图,并采用受试者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）曲线及Bootstrapping法对此模型进行验证与校准。［结果］ 在481例患者中有147例(30.6%)实现了腋窝pCR。 单因素分析显示分子分型、乳腺原发灶临床疗效、淋巴结皮髓质分界是否清晰、彩色多谱勒血流图是否存在血流信号、淋巴结长径、淋巴结短径与腋窝pCR相关。多因素分析显示分子分型、乳腺原发灶临床疗效、CDFI血流信号、淋巴结短径是腋窝pCR的独立预测因素。与单独使用临床病理特征的预测模型相比,该模型具有良好的识别性能（ROC曲线下面积,0.784 vs 0.694,P<0.001）。［结论］ 结合超声特征的腋窝淋巴结阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝pCR的预测模型提高了仅应用临床病理特征的模型的预测能力,为NAC后选择合适的患者进行侵入性较小的腋窝手术方式提供了参考依据。     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移综合预测模型的建立

目的:建立乳腺癌新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移的综合预测模型，评估新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移情况，指导临床手术方案选择。方法:回顾分析2015年1月至2018年12月143例乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者的临床、病理及影像资料，并根据术后淋巴结病理分为转移组与无转移组。采用χ2/t检验对两组指标进行单因素分析；将P<0.05的指标纳入多因素Logistic回归分析。用多因素分析有统计学意义(P<0.05)的指标构建乳腺癌新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移综合预测模型的列线图，并应用受试者工作特征（receiver operation characteristic,ROC)曲线评价此模型的性能。结果:单因素分析表明化疗方案、化疗前淋巴结穿刺病理、术前查体、术前彩超、术前CT/MRI、RECIST分级对腋窝淋巴结转移有预测作用；多因素分析表明，化疗前淋巴结穿刺病理、术前彩超、RECIST分级是新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结转移的独立预测因素。乳腺癌新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移的预测模型的曲线下面积为0.785，特异度为85.4%，敏感度为59.8%。结论:乳腺癌新辅助化疗后淋巴结转移的综合预测模型对腋窝淋巴结有较好的预测能力，可为选择合适的手术方式提供临床指导。     

乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及其对预后的影响

目的探讨乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素,并分析其对预后的影响。 方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2014年12月在陆军军医大学西南医院就诊的306例腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者资料。所有患者均在术前接受了2个周期以上新辅助化疗,其后进行了包括Ⅰ～Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结清扫的乳腺癌改良根治术。采用χ²检验分析患者临床病理特征与Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的关系,并用Logistic回归模型分析Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的独立危险因素,用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Log-rank检验进行生存分析。 结果单因素分析发现：cT分期、cN分期、临床分期、Ⅰ～Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目及新辅助化疗疗效均与Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结状态有关(χ²＝24.116、65.139、83.175、140.223、41.482,P均<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示：新辅助化疗后,临床Ⅲ_A、Ⅲ_B、Ⅲ_C期乳腺癌患者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险均显著高于Ⅱ_A期患者(Ⅲ_A比Ⅱ_A：OR＝29.095,95%CI：2.596～326.034,P＝0.006;Ⅲ_B比Ⅱ_A：OR＝75.145,95%CI：5.083～1 110.837,P＝0.002; Ⅲ_C比Ⅱ_A: OR＝124.097,95%CI：10.082～1 527.514,P<0.001);并且,Ⅰ～Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目≥4枚者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险显著高于<4枚者(OR＝21.813,95%CI：9.633～49.389,P<0.001),新辅助化疗后疾病稳定或进展者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险显著高于临床完全缓解者(OR＝17.138,95%CI：2.894～101.481,P＝0.002)。对所有患者进行中位时间78个月(7～147个月)的随访,发现新辅助化疗后仍有Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移者,其5年DFS率及5年OS率均明显低于仅有Ⅰ～Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移者(DFS率：35.1%比78.9%,P<0.001;OS率：52.8%比83.9%,P<0.001)。 结论临床分期Ⅲ_A期以上乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后有较高的Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险;新辅助化疗后Ⅰ～Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移4枚以上者,如术中未行Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结清扫,则有可能存在局部淋巴结转移灶残留;Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结状态是影响乳腺癌患者预后的重要因素。     

T1-2N1M0期乳腺癌新辅助化疗后疗效分析及放疗选择的探讨

目的 评价T_1-2N₁M₀期乳腺癌新辅助化疗后辅助放疗对LC率的影响及地位。方法收集2005—2010年间收治的新辅助化疗患者资料,筛选出T_1-2N₁M₀人群,并对其辅助放疗的临床结果进行分析。共入组T_1-2N₁M₀患者144例,中位年龄45岁(23~72岁)。结果 术后30例(21%)获得乳腺原发灶和腋窝淋巴结pCR者均接受了辅助放疗,45例仅腋窝淋巴结阳性转阴性者中10例未接受辅助放疗,69例腋窝淋巴结转移仍为阳性者中6例未接受放疗,其余患者均接受了辅助放疗。全组中位随访时间88个月,46例复发转移(32%),其中pCR者5年LR率为3.0%。5年LR率新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结阳性转阴性者放疗组为7%、未放疗组为16%(P=0.181),腋窝淋巴结仍为阳性者放疗组为15.9%、未放疗组为33%(P=0.267)。全组pCR者DFS时间较非pCR者延长(P=0.017)。结论 新辅助化疗后获pCR者DFS期优于未获pCR者,获pCR患接受辅助放疗的LR率较低,腋窝淋巴结阳性转阴性者未能从术后辅助放疗中获益,而腋窝淋巴结转移仍为阳性者的LR率高,辅助放疗有获益趋势。     

超声结合临床特征基于166例乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结评估中的预测价值分析

[目的]探讨超声结合临床特征在乳腺癌新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC）后腋窝淋巴结状态的预测价值。[方法]回顾性总结2020年6月至2021年10月浙江省肿瘤医院166例初诊乳腺癌且有腋窝淋巴结转移病例,使用Logistic回归模型对临床病理及超声特征与NAC后腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解(pathological complete response,pCR)的关系进行单因素与多因素分析,建立预测模型,绘制受试者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）曲线并得出曲线下面积（area under curve,AUC）。[结果]166例乳腺癌患者中,61例经NAC后实现腋窝淋巴结pCR,单因素与多因素分析发现NAC后腋窝淋巴结纵横比值>2、淋巴结皮质厚度≤3 mm,乳腺癌分子分型为三阴性型与HER2阳性型、乳腺癌原发灶临床疗效达完全缓解和腋窝淋巴结pCR显著相关(P<0.05)。与单独使用临床病理或超声特征的预测模型相比,超声结合临床病理特征预测模型具有良好的识别性能（AUC为0.88,灵敏度为78.7...     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗后同侧内乳区淋巴结病理完全缓解的预测因素及预后价值

目的 探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗后内乳区淋巴结病理完全缓解（ipCR）的预测因素及其对预后的影响。方法 对70例伴内乳区淋巴结转移的原发乳腺癌并接受新辅助化疗患者病例资料进行回顾性分析,根据术后病理分为ipCR组和non-ipCR组。对乳腺癌新辅助化疗后同侧ipCR的预测因素,χ 2检验、Fisher及Logistic回归分别进行单因素和多因素分析,Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox回归进行预后分析。结果 70例患者中31例获得ipCR（44.3%）。单因素分析显示,腋窝pCR、激素受体表达水平、HER2状态与ipCR有关（P<0.05）。多因素分析显示,年龄、腋窝pCR、HER2状态是ipCR的独立预测因子。ipCR组平均DFS达96.0个月（95%CI: 49.5~84.7）,明显优于non-ipCR组为67.1个月（95%CI: 81.7~110.3, P<0.05）。ipCR组复发转移风险较non-ipCR组降低87%（HR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.04~0.44, P<0.01）。ipCR、Ki67表达水平、乳房pCR是影响患者预后的独立因素。结论 新辅助化疗后是否获得ipCR与临床病理因素存在相关性。ipCR可用于预测内乳区淋巴结转移患者的预后。     

女性乳腺癌患者229例新辅助化疗的影响因素

目的 分析女性乳腺癌患者实施新辅助化疗的临床影响因素,为是否进行新辅助化疗及化疗方案选择提供依据.方法 根据229例女性乳腺癌患者术后雌激素受体(ER)、C-erhB-2、p53蛋白表达状态,分为阳性组和阴性组,对相关临床因素分别进行多因素非条件的Logistic回归分析.结果 月经状况为影响乳腺癌ER表达状态的临床因素;腋窝淋巴结转移、月经状况、乳腺增生史是影响乳腺癌C-erbB-2表达的临床因素;年龄、肿块大小、腋窝淋巴结转移、月经状况是影响乳腺癌p53表达状态的临床因素.结论 月经状况、腋窝淋巴结转移、年龄、肿块大小、乳腺增生史对决定乳腺癌患者是否进行新辅助化疗以及选择何种化疗方案具有一定的指导价值.     

腋淋巴结转移阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗临床意义的探讨

目的:探讨新辅助化疗对经细针针吸活检证实有腋窝淋巴结癌转移局部晚期乳腺癌的影响.方法:111例局部晚期乳腺癌经细针针吸活检确诊有腋窝淋巴结癌转移且空心针穿刺确诊为浸润性乳腺癌,接受≥2个周期标准剂量新辅助化疗后手术治疗.根据新辅助化疗后不同的腋窝淋巴结临床疗效和腋窝淋巴结病理状况,分组进行生存分析.结果:新辅助化疗后,腋窝淋巴结临床完全缓解(cCR)占60.4%(67/111),其中腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解(pCR)占29.9%(20/67);未临床完全缓解(no-cCR)占39.6%(44/111),其中PeR占36.4%(16/44).中位随访时间为65个月(13～76个月).cCR与no-cCR两组的无病生存时间(DFS)和总生存时间(OS)差异均无统计学意义,P值分别为0.182和0.984.pCR患者具有较长DFS和OS,P值分别为0.036和0.038.pCR患者中,肿瘤原发灶pCR与no-pCR患者的DFS和OS差异均无统计学意义,P值分别为0.204和0.250.结论:对病理学确诊有腋窝淋巴结癌转移的局部晚期乳腺癌患者,单纯根据临床体检结合常规的腋窝B超检查评价腋窝淋巴结的临床疗效,可能难以准确地预测腋窝淋巴结的病理缓解状况和预后.腋窝淋巴结pCR患者的预后较好,与肿瘤原发灶是否达到pCR无关.     

初诊同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移乳腺癌综合治疗疗效

目的 探讨应用新辅助化疗+手术+放疗治疗初诊为锁骨上淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者疗效。方法 回顾分析1999-2013年肿瘤医院收治的65例女性乳腺癌患者的病历资料。全部患者均经初诊病理结果确诊为乳腺癌,且经病理或影像学检查证实为锁骨上淋巴结转移、无远处转移及其他第二原发癌,完整接受术前化疗+手术+术后放疗方案。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算总生存(OS)、无进展生存(PFS)及锁骨上淋巴结复发(SCFR)率,Logrank法检验差异。结果 中位随访时间66个月(6~137个月)。65例患者中5例患者治疗后锁骨上淋巴结复发。全组患者5年SCFR、OS、PFS率分别为9%、72%、50%。术前化疗后锁骨上淋巴结完全缓解是影响OS因素,是否完全缓解患者5年OS率分别为81%和54%(P=0.035)。初诊锁骨上淋巴结大小 (短径≤1 cm、>1 cm)为5年SCFR(分别为0%、21%,P=0.037)和5年OS(分别为86%、56%,P=0.001)的高危因素。结论 对于初诊为锁骨上淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者,完整接受术前化疗+手术+术后放疗方案治疗后的OS率较高,锁骨上区放疗可获得良好的肿瘤局部控制。     

Sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: We surveyed single-center and multi-center studies pertaining to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to compare the results with those of our current study to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: From October 2001 to July 2003, 80 patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy underwent curative surgery and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after SLNB at the Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center. A MEDLINE search was performed using the keywords breast cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: Our results showed that 42 (52.6%) of 80 patients had downstaging of the primary tumor; 9 patients (11.3%) had pathologic complete response (pCR) and 33 (41.3%) had pathologic partial response (pPR). 26 patients (32.5%) showed complete axillary clearance after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among them, 5 patients (6.3%) revealed pCR of both the primary tumor and axillary metastasis. SLNB was successful in 61 of 80 patients (76.3%) and there were 3 false negatives, yielding a false negative rate (FNR) of 7.3% (3/41), a negation prediction value (NPV) of 87.0%(20/23), and an accuracy of 95.1% (58/61). Thirteen out of 16 studies retrieved by to MEDLINE pertaining SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy concluded its feasibility and accuracy with a identification rate of 82%-100% and a FNR of 17-100%. CONCLUSION: Most studies, including ours, concluded that SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is accurate and could be an alternative to ALND.     

Cytologically proven axillary lymph node metastases are eradicated in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy with concurrent trastuzumab for HER2‐positive breast cancer

BACKGROUND:

The axillary pathologic complete response rate (pCR) and the effect of axillary pCR on disease‐free survival (DFS) was determined in patients with HER2‐positive breast cancer and biopsy‐proven axillary lymph node metastases who were receiving concurrent trastuzumab and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is reported to result in pCR in the breast and axilla in up to 25% of patients. Patients achieving a pCR have improved DFS and overall survival. To the authors' knowledge, the rate of eradication of biopsy‐proven axillary lymph node metastases with trastuzumab‐containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens has not been previously reported.

METHODS:

Records were reviewed of 109 consecutive patients with HER2‐positive breast cancer and axillary metastases confirmed by ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy who received trastuzumab‐containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by breast surgery with complete axillary lymph node dissection. Survival was evaluated by the Kaplan‐Meier method. Clinicopathologic factors and DFS were compared between patients with and without axillary pCR.

RESULTS:

Eighty‐one patients (74%) achieved a pCR in the axilla. Axillary pCR was not associated with age, estrogen receptor status, grade, tumor size, initial N classification, or median number of lymph nodes removed. More patients with an axillary pCR also achieved a pCR in the breast (78% vs 25%; P < .001). At a median follow‐up of 29.1 months, DFS was significantly greater in the axillary pCR group (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS:

Trastuzumab‐containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy appears to be effective in eradicating axillary lymph node metastases in the majority of patients treated. Patients who achieve an axillary pCR are reported to have improved DFS. The success of pCR with concurrent trastuzumab and chemotherapy in eradicating lymph node metastases has implications for surgical management of the axilla in these patients. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.     

乳腺癌伴同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移的治疗

乳腺癌伴同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移(breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis,ISLM)的分期曾一度改变.在1988年第5版的AJCC分期中,同侧锁骨上淋巴结的转移被定义为真正的远处转移,然而在2003年AJCC和UICC乳腺癌分期指南中规定,如果不伴有其他远处转移,同侧锁骨上淋巴结的转移划分为pN3c,被认为是局部晚期病变.虽然乳腺癌伴同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移患者预后明显好于真正M1患者,但其最佳治疗手段一直是探讨的热点,本文查阅相关文献,对乳腺癌伴同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移的治疗进展进行了简要综述.     

Prediction of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma

PURPOSE: Supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients has a poor prognosis, and aggressive local treatment has usually resulted in severe morbidity. The purpose of this study was to select high-risk neck metastasis patients for prophylactic radiotherapy. METHODS: Between 1990 and 1998, 2658 consecutive invasive breast cancer patients underwent surgery and adjuvant therapy in the hospital. The median age was 47 years (range 22-92). The median follow-up period was 39 months. The following factors were analyzed: age, tumor size, tumor location, histologic type, histologic grade, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, DNA flow cytometry study results, number of positive axillary lymph nodes, use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, and level of involved axillary nodes. RESULTS: Of the 2658 patients, 113 (4.3%) developed supraclavicular lymph node metastasis during this period. Young age (< or =40 years), tumor size >3 cm, high histologic grade, angiolymphatic invasion, negative estrogen receptor status, synthetic phase fraction >4%, >4 positive nodes, and level II or III involved nodes were all significant for predicting neck metastasis in the univariate analysis. Three predictive factors were significant after multivariate analysis: high histologic grade, >4 positive nodes, and axillary level II or III involved nodes. In patients with axillary level I involved nodes and < or =4 positive nodes, the incidence was 4.4%. If axillary level III was involved, the rate of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis was 15.1%. CONCLUSION: The incidence of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis was higher in the groups with >4 positive nodes and in those with axillary level II or III involved nodes. Selective use of comprehensive radiotherapy for these high-risk patients will achieve good locoregional control.     

乳腺癌同侧锁骨上转移淋巴结不同局部治疗模式的比较

目的 探讨乳腺癌同时型同侧锁骨上淋巴结转移(sISLM)患者锁骨上淋巴结的最佳局部治疗模式。方法 回顾性分析2010—2015年间河北医科大学第四医院收治的 128例sISLM乳腺癌患者,其中锁骨上淋巴结清扫联合放疗组 68例,单纯放疗组 60例。比较两组患者的无局部区域复发生存(LRFS)、无远处转移生存(DMFS)、无进展生存(PFS)和总生存(OS)。结果 单因素生存分析显示联合组和单纯放疗组 5年LRFS、DMFS、PFS、OS均相近(均 P>0.05)。多因素生存分析显示锁骨上淋巴结局部治疗模式是影响 5年DMFS、PFS、OS的独立预后因素(均 P<0.05)。亚组分析显示接受单纯放疗时锁骨上区放疗剂量>50Gy组患者 5年OS好于50Gy组(P=0.047)。接受清扫联合放疗时,清扫淋巴结<10个、>50Gy组患者 5年LRFS、DMFS、PFS、OS似乎均好于50Gy组,但均 P>0.05;清扫淋巴结≥10个、50Gy组患者 5年LRFS、DMFS、PFS、OS均似乎好于>50Gy组,但只有 5年DMFS差异有统计学意义(P=0.028)。结论 手术清扫联合放疗可能是锁骨上淋巴结较好的局部治疗模式。接受单纯放疗时锁骨上区局部补量可能提高总生存;接受锁骨上淋巴结清扫联合放疗时,若清扫程度较低则锁骨上区局部补量可能获益,若清扫程度较高则锁骨上区局部补量可能获益不明显。     

Clinical course of breast cancer patients with complete pathologic primary tumor and axillary lymph node response to doxorubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: To assess patient and tumor characteristics associated with a complete pathologic response (pCR) in both the breast and axillary lymph node specimens and the outcome of patients found to have a pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred seventy-two LABC patients received treatment in two prospective neoadjuvant trials using four cycles of doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy. Patients had a total mastectomy with axillary dissection or segmental mastectomy and axillary dissection followed by four or more cycles of additional chemotherapy. Patients then received irradiation treatment of the chest-wall or breast and regional lymphatics. Median follow-up was 58 months (range, 8 to 99 months). RESULTS: The initial nodal status, age, and stage distribution of patients with a pCR were not significantly different from those of patients with less than a pCR (P>.05). Patients with a pCR had initial tumors that were more likely to be estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (P<.01), and anaplastic (P = .01) but of smaller size (P<.01) than those of patients with less than a pCR. Upon multivariate analysis, the effects of ER status and nuclear grade were independent of initial tumor size. Sixteen percent of the patients in this study (n = 60) had a pathologic complete primary tumor response. Twelve percent of patients (n = 43) had no microscopic evidence of invasive cancer in their breast and axillary specimens. A pathologic complete primary tumor response was predictive of a complete axillary lymph node response (P<.01 ). The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were significantly higher in the group who had a pCR (89% and 87%, respectively) than in the group who had less than a pCR (64% and 58%, respectively; P<.01). CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has the capacity to completely clear the breast and axillary lymph nodes of invasive tumor before surgery. Patients with LABC who have a pCR in the breast and axillary nodes have a significantly improved disease-free survival rate. However, a pCR does not entirely eliminate recurrence. Further efforts should focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms associated with this response.     

超声及钼靶对乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结状态的诊断价值评估

目的:评估乳腺癌新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)后腋窝淋巴结的变化,探讨超声及钼靶在NAC疗效评价中的应用价值。方法:对我院176例经穿刺病理证实为腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者行NAC,所有患者NAC前后均行彩超与钼靶检查,对比两种检查的灵敏度、特异度及准确率。评价NAC后腋窝淋巴结的状态,并评估临床缓解与病理完全缓解（pathological complete response,pCR）的相关性。结果:NAC后超声、钼靶及两者联合评估的灵敏度分别为:79.4%、76.6%、86.5%;特异度分别为:68.6%、51.4%、71.4%;准确率分别为:77.3%、71.6%、83.5%;较NAC前超声、钼靶及两者联合评估的灵敏度、特异度及准确率明显下降,阳性预测价值最高的为两者联合检查（92.4%）。NAC后超声图像评估44例达到临床完全缓解,其中25（25/44,56.8%）例患者经病理证实达到pCR,NAC后超声检查评估pCR的灵敏度为71.4%,特异度为86.5%,准确率为83.5%。结论:超声诊断NAC后腋窝淋巴结转移较钼靶诊断灵敏度、特异度及准确率高,具有重要的临床诊断价值,但尚存局限性,对手术及术后治疗的指导性仍需进一步研究。