刚体惯性参数的动态测试研究

根据刚体动力学原理、频响函数曲线的质量线理论,推导出表征刚体惯性参数的基本原理。然后提出频响函数的拟合方法,并通过误差分析,研究和改进试验方法及优化数据处理,对某圆柱形质量块惯性参数的测试值与理论值比较,标定整个测量系统的误差。最后以某型汽车动力总成为研究对象,基于试验模态分析技术完成该动力总成相关惯性参数的动态测试。     

串联式重型混动汽车动力总成弹性体模态试验识别研究

以串联式重型混合汽车动力总成为研究对象,研究动力总成结构组成特征以及动力总成与整车匹配与安装位置特征,搭建起动力总成弹性模态测试分析节点模型;采用单点激励多点响应法确定在同一激励下动力总成节点模型的不同节点位置的响应情况,其中通过多点尝试法选择激振点作为模态识别主激振点;通过MAC矩阵法来分析动力总成弹性体模态测试结果的准确性;结合弹性体模态测试分析结果,与匀速工况车内噪声特征来分析动力总成问题所在。     

电动车动力总成模态试验与仿真分析

以电动车动力总成为对象,进行模态锤击试验,利用最小二乘复频域法(PolyMAX),得到了动力总成壳体的各阶模态参数,并根据频响函数综合准则验证模态参数的准确性;利用hypermesh建立动力总成的有限元模型,仿真得出其固有频率和振型;通过对比仿真与试验结果,发现实验与仿真得到的模态参数能较好地吻合,说明了模态参数以及有限元模型的正确性,为后续的动力学研究提供了依据。     

汽车动力总成悬置系统多工况运行模态试验研究

由试验测得发动机启动、怠速和急加速三种典型工况下的振动响应,进行了动力总成悬置系统的运行模态参数识别。采用多参考点最小二乘复频域法,通过试验测得的振动响应获得系统工作振型。由于发动机激励不具备零均值白噪声的特点,运用了多种模态置信度指标进行模态验证,获得了较可信的模态参数。试验结果表明,动力总成悬置系统的运行模态参数与发动机工况有关,对于大阻尼和密集模态的动力总成悬置系统,多工况的运行模态试验可以更准确地识别悬置系统的模态参数。研究结果对悬置元件参数设计具有重要的参考价值。     

汽车动力总成悬置系统模态分析及优化设计

在ANSYS中以质量矩阵单元、刚性梁单元和弹簧单元为基本单元,应用APDL程序语言对汽车动力总成悬置系统进行参数化建模与模态分析,基于能量法解耦进行模态解耦度计算与分析;应用ANSYS中的优化模块对各个悬置元件的刚度进行优化配置,使得该悬置系统的6阶模态尽可能解耦;优化后的动力总成悬置系统的6阶模态频率分布在合理范围内,6阶模态的解耦度也得到了显著提高.     

颤振模型的建模与物理参数辨识

本文在试验的基础上,探讨了用试验模态技术更精确地辨识模态参数的措施。详细地讨论了振型归一、标定与模态质量问题。最后,给出了由模态试验得到的模态参数进行物理参数辨识的理论与方法,并将此结果推到复模态情况。     

基于响应面方法的多喷嘴引射器有限元模型修正

针对某多喷嘴引射器在脉动载荷作用下的动力学响应预测问题,对其有限元模型进行了修正,减少了材料属性、边界条件等对计算结果的影响。首先开展了引射器有限元模态分析,获得了初始模态分析频率;采用了多点激励多点响应锤击法进行了模态试验,获取了试验模态频率;基于有限元模型进行了误差分析,确定了材料密度、弹性模量、质量点质量等修正参数,通过中心复合设计方法确定了样本空间,构建了多目标响应面并对待修正参数进行了约束优化,得到了修正参数的最优解;最后,使用修正后的参数进行了有限元分析,获得了修正后的模态分析频率,并通过动力响应计算进行了模型确认。研究结果表明:修正后模态分析频率与模态试验频率(前三阶)误差均值由修正前的8.01%减小到2.81%,该修正方法能够显著提高有限元模态分析精度。     

起落架摆振的子空间模态参数辨识

为给起落架稳定性合格审定提供依据,国内首次在某民用飞机上进行了摆振试验。试验时,在跑道上安装了激励板,飞机按要求的速度滑过激励板以激励起结构的动态响应。子空间模态参数辨识方法被引入到数据处理中,为剔除虚假模态,稳定图被引入以判别真实模态频率和系统的阶次。最后给出该飞机起落架的模态参数辨识结果。结果表明:激励板能有效地激励起结构的动态响应,结合了稳定图的子空间模态参数辨识方法给出了较好的辨识结果,起落架未发生摆振。     

纯电动汽车减速器振动特性的模态分析

以某微型纯电动汽车减速器为研究对象,在有限元软件ABAQUS中建立了减速器总成的有限元模型,并对其进行了自由模态分析;同时采用LMS Test.Lab对该减速器进行试验模态研究,运用Poly MAX法辨识减速器总成的各阶模态参数,然后对有限元模态计算和试验模态得到的减速器频率和振型的相关性进行评价,结果表明两者吻合性较好。在模态分析的基础上,分析减速器总成固有频率和齿轮啮合频率,发现在某一车速时,减速器总成第一阶模态频率极有可能与齿轮啮合频率相等,会引起系统共振,需采取有效措施避免共振发生。     

基于6维力/力矩传感器的并联机器人惯性参数辨识方法

提出了基于6维力/力矩传感器的并联机器人惯性参数辨识新方法,这种方法不需要了解关节摩擦和驱动器动力学特性的精确模型,推导了一般并联机器人的惯性参数辨识模型,分析了并联机器人的基惯性参数,提出了并联机器人惯性参数辨识轨迹的选择原则,并给出了两种新型空间并联机器人的分析实例。     

INDIRECT INPUT IDENTIFICATION BY MODAL FILTER TECHNIQUE

This paper is a study on modal model method in estimating system inputs from vibration responses, which is one of the indirect input identification methods in frequency domain. The method has advantages over the direct inverse method especially when points of operational inputs are inaccessible for artificial excitation but accessible for response measurement. Systematic procedures of an extended modal model method are proposed and checked by numerical experiments. Mechanisms of error propagation, i.e. how errors in modal parameters such as poles and mode shape vectors affect estimation of the input forces, are illustrated. Then, in order to counteract the error propagation, discrete modal filter approach is used in this paper to compute the inversion of modal matrix in which most serious errors seem to be generated. Further, a reduced form of modified reciprocal modal vector (MRMV) is proposed to estimate multiple inputs, which is shown to have orthogonality errors smaller than by the MRMV filter.     

Torsional vibration analysis of a planetary gear type antiresonant vibration isolator using transfer matrix method,Part II: Application to automotive powertrain

In this research, an analytical modeling and analysis approach called the transfer matrix method is applied to study a planetary gear type dynamic antiresonant vibration isolator (PG-DAVI) for complex rotational systems. In this part 2 of series papers, the transfer matrix method is applied to an automotive powertrain system with an embedded PG-DAVI to characterize torsional vibration attenuation. First, the internal configuration of an automotive powertrain system is described as a baseline system, and its modal characteristics and harmonic responses are calculated. Then, two additional powertrain systems modified with a PG-DAVI and a classical dynamic absorber are presented. Finally, the effectiveness of vibration suppression in the powertrain system using a PG-DAVI is investigated by comparing the modal characteristics, harmonic responses, and time responses of the three powertrain configurations using the transfer matrix method as well as conventional analytical and numerical methods.     

Effect of train carbody’s parameters on vertical bending stiffness performance

Finite element analysis(FEA) and modal test are main methods to give the first-order vertical bending vibration frequency of train carbody at present, but they are inefficiency and waste plenty of time. Based on Timoshenko beam theory, the bending deformation, moment of inertia and shear deformation are considered. Carbody is divided into some parts with the same length, and it’s stiffness is calculated with series principle, it’s cross section area, moment of inertia and shear shape coefficient is equivalent by segment length, and the fimal corrected first-order vertical bending vibration frequency analytical formula is deduced. There are 6 simple carbodies and 1 real carbody as examples to test the formula, all analysis frequencies are very close to their FEA frequencies, and especially for the real carbody, the error between analysis and experiment frequency is 0.75%. Based on the analytic formula, sensitivity analysis of the real carbody’s design parameters is done, and some main parameters are found. The series principle of carbody stiffness is introduced into Timoshenko beam theory to deduce a formula, which can estimate the first-order vertical bending vibration frequency of carbody quickly without traditional FEA method and provide a reference to design engineers.     

Optimal selection of artificial boundary conditions for model update and damage detection

Sensitivity-based model error localization and damage detection is hindered by the relative differences in modal sensitivity magnitude among updating parameters. The method of artificial boundary conditions is shown to directly address this limitation, resulting in the increase of the number of updating parameters at which errors can be accurately localized. Using a single set of FRF data collected from a modal test, the artificial boundary conditions (ABC) method identifies experimentally the natural frequencies of a structure under test for a variety of different boundary conditions, without having to physically apply the boundary conditions, hence the term “artificial”. The parameter-specific optimal ABC sets applied to the finite element model will produce increased sensitivities in the updating parameter, yielding accurate error localization and damage detection solutions. A method is developed for identifying the parameter-specific optimal ABC sets for updating or damage detection, and is based on the QR decomposition with column pivoting. Updating solution residuals, such as magnitude error and false error location, are shown to be minimized when the updating parameter set is limited to those corresponding to the QR pivot columns. The existence of an optimal ABC set for a given updating parameter is shown to be dependent on the number of modes used, and hence the method developed provides a systematic determination of the minimum number of modes required for localization in a given updating parameter. These various concepts are demonstrated on a simple model with simulated test data.     

基于模糊优化下离散误差非线性参数识别方法研究

根据结构系统动态特性分析的模糊性,试验测试数据和离散误差选择的模糊性,提出了一种基于模糊优化下解决离散误差信号非线性参数识别的思想和方法。根据模糊数学权函数理论,建立模糊优化函数,推导出一种适用于动态结构系统响应信号高精度参数识别方法——离散误差信号模糊优化非线性参数识别算法。作为实例,对MG1432B整机的动态特性进行模糊分析,并将其响应信号测试数据进行模糊优化非线性参数识别,从而精确地识别出九阶模态参数,并绘出相应点的幅、相频拟合曲线。验证结果说明,此方法具有较高的识别精度和工程应用价值。     

使用应变模态和遗传算法的有限元模型修正方法

提出了采用应变模态置信度为待修正响应特征的有限元模型修正方法。应变模态置信度是评价有限元仿真与试验测试结果相关性的方法,可以为模型修正提供全局的频率误差信息和局部的应变相关性信息。首先,介绍了应变模态和有限元模型修正的相关理论方法;然后,以某航空加筋壁板结构为对象,通过仿真分析和"仿真试验"获得结构的应变模态频率以及对应的应变振型,进一步计算频率误差和应变模态置信度误差;最后,基于两种误差构造模型修正的目标函数,采用遗传算法对目标函数进行优化,修正结构中的待修正参数,并将修正后参数代入模型,验证所提方法的正确性和有效性。结果表明:所采用的方法获得的修正后有限元模型具有复现修正响应特征的能力,并且对于未修正频段内的响应也具有较好的预测能力。     

汽车动力传动系统悬置的设计

随着人们对车辆舒适性要求的不断提高,开展动力传动系统的悬置设计有着重要的现实意义.建立汽车通用四点式悬置系统的数学模型,并确定悬置系统的惯性矩阵、刚度矩阵和阻尼矩阵,并为悬置系统的优化设计提供了模型基础.     

车辆动力总成悬置系统参数识别

精确识别车辆动力总成不平衡力以及惯性参数,是对车辆发动机振动进行主动隔离的基础.根据发动机不平衡力只与发动机内部结构以及转速相关的特性,提出一种利用磁流变减振器阻尼参数的可控性,通过测试不同阻尼环境下的各悬置加速度和支座反力,进而识别发动机惯性参数以及不平衡力的新方法.该方法在应用于车辆动力总成悬置系统参数识别时,对比...