巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证的分析

目的分析参加中国食品药品检定研究院组织的NIFDC-PT-135巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证实验结果。方法巧克力样品的前处理按照作业指导书要求进行,沙门氏菌的分离及鉴定按照GB4789.4-2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物检验沙门氏菌检验》进行,传统生化试验结合VITEK 2鉴定结果进行综合判定。结果 CODE0559样品中检出沙门氏菌属,CODE0205样品中检出肠沙门氏菌双相亚利桑那亚种,CODE0863样品中未检出沙门氏菌, 3个样品能力验证结果均与组织方一致。结论基于国标法检测沙门氏菌时,应综合使用几种分离平板,传统生化试验并结合VITEK2作为辅助检测,以确保检测结果的准确性。     

巧克力中沙门氏菌能力验证结果与分析

目的 分析实验室对巧克力中沙门氏菌检测能力验证实验与结果。方法 依据GB 4789.4-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 沙门氏菌检验》对巧克力样品进行沙门氏菌检测。参照能力验证计划参试指导书来进行测定和结果判断。结果 通过平板法结合生化鉴定实验结果可知, 编号CODE:384有可疑目标菌落检出沙门氏菌阳性菌, CODE:544、CODE:699的可疑目标菌落均未检出沙门氏菌阳性菌。结论 本次实验室对巧克力中沙门氏菌检测能力验证结果合格, 为提高相关微生物实验室的检测能力提供参考。     

2018年巧克力中沙门氏菌检测能力验证结果与分析

目的参加中国食品药品检定研究院组织的NIFDC-PT-135巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证,提高实验室的检测技术能力与水平。方法按照盲样作业指导书的要求对样品进行前处理后,依据GB4789.4-2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验》中的方法,对3份样品进行沙门氏菌的分离和血清学鉴定,对分离出的可疑菌落用全自动微生物鉴定系统进行鉴定。结果CODE0109样品中检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、CODE0143样品中检出肠沙门双相亚利桑那亚种(沙门氏菌Ⅲb),CODE0835样品中未检出沙门氏菌。本实验室顺利完成考核,测定结果与考核结果一致。结论本次能力验证检出的肠沙门双相亚利桑那亚种在沙门氏菌显色平板上出现蓝色菌落,而以往则为紫红色菌落,因此在检测中应引起重视。通过此次能力验证,本实验室的沙门氏菌检测技术水平得到了有效验证和提高。     

巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证研究

目的 对参加中国食品药品检定研究院组织的NIFDC-PT-135巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证进行分析。方法 在参照GB 4789.4-2016《食品国家安全标准 食品微生物学检验 沙门氏菌检验》和能力验证作业指导书传统方法鉴定的基础上, 借助miniVIDAS和VITEK2 2种仪器进行检验分析。结果 CODE0002未检出沙门氏菌、CODE0485检出肠沙门菌双相亚利桑那亚种, CODE0633检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。结论 本次能力验证实验结果为满意。实验室在进行沙门氏菌检验时可以使用仪器与传统分析方法相结合的检验方法, 但是要注意一些细节问题, 防止漏检和误检。     

食品中沙门氏菌检出能力验证结果与分析

目的为了提升实验室的食品中沙门氏菌检测能力,增强实验室竞争能力,本实验室参加了中国食品药品检定研究院组织的NIFDC-PT-010食品中沙门氏菌检出能力验证。方法利用全自动免疫检测系统(VIDAS)对能力验证中的5个样品进行快速筛查,依据GB4789.4-2010沙门氏菌检验进行血清学试验,采用16S r DNA全序列分析、全自动微生物生化鉴定系统(VITEK2)和全自动微生物基因指纹鉴定系统(Ribo Printer)对分离出的疑似菌进行鉴定。结果编号为CODE 1的样品检出阿贡纳沙门氏菌和婴儿沙门氏菌,CODE 3检出蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌,CODE 5检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,CODE 2和CODE 4未检出。结论 5个样品测试均取得优秀的结果。     

能力验证中沙门氏菌的分离鉴定与血清分型

目的通过参加NIFDC-PT-098乳粉中沙门氏菌检验的能力验证,提高本实验室的检测能力,增强实验室竞争力。方法依据GB 4789.4-2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验》中的方法,对2份样品中的沙门氏菌进行分离和血清学鉴定。并以全自动荧光免疫分析系统(MINI VIDAS)进行快速初筛,利用全自动微生物生化鉴定系统(VITEK2)对分离出的疑似菌进行生化鉴定。结果编号CODE423检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,其血清分型为O:4,5,12,H:I;1,2。编号CODE484未检出。结论本次能力验证获得满意结果,发现以国标法为基准,优先选用沙门氏菌属显色培养基平板和XLD平板为参照,同时使用VITEK2和MINI VIDAS作为辅助进行检测,综合这几种方法可确保实验结果的准确性,这为以后检验使用辅助方法检测提供了参考依据。同时本次能力验证也促进了实验室保持较高的检验水平。     

食品能力验证中沙门氏菌的分离鉴定与血清分型

目的参加沙门氏菌分离鉴定与血清分型的能力验证,以加强实验室整体水平与能力。方法参照GB4789.4-2010《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学沙门氏菌检验》进行沙门氏菌检测,将生化试验与VITEK2鉴定结果符合沙门氏菌编号的样品进行血清学试验。结果编号CODE 1样品检出巴尔多沙门氏菌,CODE 3样品检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,其余8个样品均未检出沙门氏菌。本实验室顺利完成能力验证实验,与组织方结果一致,结果为满意。结论参加能力验证是提高检验机构内部质量控制最有效的手段之一,可有效提高检验机构出具检验数据的可靠性和有效性,确保实验室持续维持较高的检验水平。     

食品中沙门氏菌能力验证

目的:提升食品检测机构的检测能力,同时结合本次能力验证实验,总结食品中沙门氏菌检测过程中的关键控制要素,寻找操作中的问题,讨论控制措施。方法:依据我国食品药品检验研究院下发的能力验证作业指导书、国家标准《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验》GB 4789.4-2016要求的检验方法对编号为CODE0477、CODE0884、CODE0861的3份巧克力样品中的沙门氏菌进行增菌、分离、生化、血清学鉴定。结果:CODE0477、CODE0884未检出沙门氏菌,CODE0861结果为检出沙门氏菌,3份检测样品的检测结果评价均为满意。结论:通过能力验证实验可提升检验检测水平,同时也为处理细菌性食物中毒原因奠定了基础。     

巧克力中沙门氏菌检测能力验证结果与分析

目的 通过参加中国食品药品检定研究院组织的NIFDC-PT-135巧克力中沙门氏菌检验能力验证活动, 提高实验室沙门氏菌的检测能力, 增强实验室的竞争力。方法 按照GB 4789.10-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 沙门氏菌检验》进行沙门氏菌的分离与血清学鉴定, 辅以VIDAS 30 全自动酶联免疫分析系统进行快速初筛, 并以VITEK 2 Compact自动微生物快速检测分析系统对分离出的可疑菌落进行生化鉴定。结果 样品编号为0148的检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌, 0546的检出肠沙门菌双相亚利桑那亚种(沙门氏菌Ⅲb), 0676未检出沙门氏菌。结论 本次实验发现的肠沙门菌双相亚利桑那亚种在沙门氏菌属显色平板上出现蓝色菌落, 与以往判定的紫红色菌落有差异, 在检测中应当引起关注。     

食品能力验证中沙门氏菌的分离和鉴定

目的为了提升实验室食品中沙门氏菌检测能力,增强实验室竞争能力,本实验室参加了中国食品药品检定研究院组织的沙门氏菌检测能力验证活动。方法依据中华人民共和国国家标准GB 4789.4-2010,采用传统分离方法和血清学鉴定,联合全自动微生物生化鉴定系统(VITEK2-compact)对分离出的疑似菌进行生化鉴定。结果编号为CODE1样品+CODE1奶粉混合样检出纽波特沙门氏菌和科林德尔沙门氏菌,CODE3样品+CODE3奶粉混合样检出维普拉沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和埃科沙门氏菌,其余8个样品未检出。结论顺利完成本次能力验证活动。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.