河北省实施《河北省调味品生产销售管理办法》

为加强调味品生产和销售管理,打击假冒伪劣产品.目前,国内贸易部转发了《河北省调味品生产销售管理办法》,其主要内容如下:第一条 为加强调味品生产和销售管理,保障人民群众身体健康,促进本省调味品工业健康发展,制定本办法.第二条 本办法所称的调味品,是指酱油、食醋和酱以及其他具有调味品功能的食品.第三条 在本省行政区域为从事调味品生产和销售活动,必须遵守本办法.     

酿造调味品的营养和健康价值

对酿造调味品的营养和健康价值进行了讨论.酿造调味品的每日摄入量较低,所提供的主要营养素占每日人体所需营养素摄入量较低,因此按照通常的营养评价模式,难以反映酿造调味品的营养及健康作用.酿造调味品含有多种功能性成分,人群的健康作用观察也表明了相关的健康作用.同时,酿造调味品含盐量较高,其所提供的钠在膳食中具有较高比例.作为传统食品的酿造调味品,低盐化营养健康作用流行病学观察对产业发展十分必要.     

调味品在川菜中的应用

为让调味品生产企业和消费者进一步认识、研发川菜风味的调味品,从调味品在川菜中的选择,调味的手段及成菜风味等3个方面说明并阐述其应用.根据社会发展所需,认为调味品在川菜中应用的趋势是大量使用复合调味品进行分段调味.     

调味品的安全问题及如何完善其安全体系初探

国际市场需要进口安全食品,我国调味品需要与国际接轨.加强调味品安全卫生的控制,建立符合我国国情的调味品安全控制体系,打破国际对我国出口调味品企业可能设置的技术壁垒,已成为调味品企业面临的当务之急.文章以几种调味品为例介绍了我国调味品食用的安全问题,并提出了建立调味品安全体系的思路和我国调味食品安全控制监督体系的发展方向.     

调味品感官品评及新产品开发与食品流变的相关性探讨

调味品的感官特性与食品流变之间有着一定的关系.利用质构仪等仪器设备可以测定小调味品的某些特性,但是其不能像感官品评那样将调味品的特性综合的表达或描述出来;将调味品感官评价和食品流变学的原理相结合的方法综合起来,应用到新产品开发、工艺设计、设备选择等方面对调味品工业的发展可起到积极的促进作用.     

发酵调味品产业的发展趋势与市场前景

从发酵调味品的品牌意识、复合型调味品的快速发展、调味品的食用安全性、调味品的调配技术以及生产企业对生产废料的再利用方面探讨了发酵调味品产业的发展趋势,分析了调味品产业的市场前景.     

安全健康美味成调味品发展趋势

近年来中国调味品行业呈现出高速增长态势,产业和品牌集中度也在不断提高,新产品层出不穷,新技术日新月异,市场容量和消费需求也迅速增长,这就对调味品的质量和安全提出了更高的要求.近年来,中国调味品协会每年都在行业内组织召开调味品行业的食品安全会议,对调味品质量安全、添加剂的成分含量等进行研究讨论. 虽然调味品是一个小行业,但在消费升级和食品安全备受重视的背景下,调味品行业却有很大的发展空间.分析人士认为,现阶段国内调味品行业正处于变革前夜.     

中国调味品协会在京成立

为适应我国经济管理体制改革的要求,进一步促进我国调味品工业的发展,内贸部决定成立中国调味品协会.中国调味品协会是跨地区、跨部门的全国性行业社团组织,是由全国调味品生产及为其服务的科研、工程设计、教学、设备制造等企业、事业单位所组成的国家一级行业协会.其宗旨是在国家方针、政策指导下,为促进调味     

新型纯天然鲜味剂——优鲜肽的开发与应用

我国调味品行业近几年发展迅猛,年增幅连续十年保持在10%以上,总产量已超过1000万吨,成为食品行业中新的经济增长点.随着高新技术的运用,国内外的调味品不断升级换代,其中鲜味调味品已经历了味精、特鲜味精、风味型调味品和营养型调味品四代产品.     

我国调味品生产现状和市场发展趋势

为了提高调味品生产企业的竞争力,从调味品的市场、前景、复合调味品的发展、食品添加剂的应用及新技术的运用等几方面进行了综述,同时认为我国调味品工业的发展趋势应追求品牌化和方便化,强调绿色健康.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.