固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸的方法研究

目的建立甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱检测方法。方法样品经乙腈萃取,Sep-pak氨基固相萃取柱净化,超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸含量。色谱柱为WatersACQUITY BEH C18柱(1.7μm,50 mm×2.1 mm),柱温40℃,样品温度10℃,进样体积5μl,流动相A为水,流动相B为乙腈,梯度洗脱。结果方法的线性范围为4.0～40.0μg/kg,基质加标工作曲线线性相关系数为0.998。方法的定性检出限为1.0μg/kg,定量检出限为4.0μg/kg。高、中、低3个浓度水平的加标回收率为92.5%～93.6%,相对标准偏差小于10%。结论本方法灵敏、快速、准确,可用于甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定甘蔗中的3-硝基丙酸含量

目的建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)检测甘蔗中的3-硝基丙酸含量。方法样品经乙腈提取,经Sep-pak氨基柱固相萃取净化,再经Merck seQuant~(TM) Zic-Hilic(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,以10 mmol/L甲酸铵-0.1%甲酸和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子(electrospray ionization,ESI-)模式进行HPLC-MS/MS测定。结果 3-硝基丙酸在0.005~0.1 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,工作曲线的回归方程为Y=4.48X+46.72,相关系数为0.9994,该方法的检出限为0.0036 mg/kg,定量限为0.0119 mg/kg。在0.02、0.08和0.1 mg/kg加标水平下,3-硝基丙酸的平均回收率为80.0%~96.8%,相对标准偏差为1.90%~8.69%(n=6)。结论本方法快捷、灵敏度高、结果准确,可适用于甘蔗中的3-硝基丙酸的检测。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸

目的建立固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用技术(solidphaseextraction-ultra performanceliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometry,SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)测定甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸(3-nitropropionic acid, 3-NPA)的分析方法。方法甘蔗汁和甘蔗渣经PSA固相萃取提取净化,以1%氨水甲醇溶液洗脱,氮吹吹干定容于0.5%甲酸水溶液中,以Waters HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.8μm)在流动相乙腈-水(1:1,V:V)条件下进行分离,电喷雾负离子MRM模式下检测,以基质标准曲线定量。结果甘蔗汁中3-硝基丙酸的线性范围为5～1000μg/kg,检出限(S/N=3)为1.2μg/kg,甘蔗渣中线性范围为10～1000μg/kg,检出限(S/N=3)为2.7μg/kg。甘蔗汁和甘蔗渣3-NPA的加标回收率为96.5%～101.2%,相对标准偏差为1.54%～5.35%。结论该方法简单、灵敏、准确,可用于甘蔗中3-硝基丙酸检测。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定红糖中3-硝基丙酸

建立了红糖中3-硝基丙酸的高效液相色谱串联质谱检测方法。红糖样品用乙醇-水溶解,涡旋振荡,离心后取上清液,用PWAX固相萃取柱净化,氮气吹干洗脱液,甲醇-甲酸水复溶后,用高效液相色谱串联质谱检测。采用Luma Omega C_(18)柱(1.6μm,100 mm×2.1 mm),以甲醇和水为流动相进行分离,电喷雾负离子模式(ESI-),多反应监测(MRM)检测,外标法定量。结果表明,3-硝基丙酸在0.1～20μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=1.0000),该方法的检出限为0.057μg/kg,定量限为0.189μg/kg。在2.5、10、50μg/kg的加标水平下,3-硝基丙酸的平均回收率为79.2%～85.5%,相对标准偏差为5.2%～7.3%以下(n=6)。本方法操作简单、灵敏度高、结果准确,可用于红糖中3-硝基丙酸的残留量测定。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测仙草中甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的残留

目的建立高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测仙草中甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐含量的分析方法。方法用乙腈萃取样品中甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐,固相萃取净化,用岛津C_(18)(2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.1μm)色谱柱分离,以0.5%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相等度洗脱,采用多反应监测正离子模式检测,外标法定量。结果在0.1～5.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9996;在0.3、0.8、3.0μg/L加标水平的回收率为73.2%～86.2%,相对标准偏差3.76%～6.94%,检出限为0.013μg/kg,定量限为0.05μg/kg。结论该方法快速简单、灵敏、稳定,可满足仙草中甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐残留量的检测和确证。     

超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定牛奶中7种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂

目的 建立牛奶中7种有机磷酸酯类(OPEs)阻燃剂的超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱分析方法。方法 基于乙腈-冷冻诱导液液萃取技术提取、净化和富集样品,以甲醇-水作为流动相,梯度洗脱程序,HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,高分辨质谱靶向单一离子监测模式测定,内标法定量。结果 7种OPEs在0.2～20μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(R²>0.99),方法检出限为0.01～0.21μg/L,定量限为0.04～1.72μg/L,3个不同加标水平的回收率为88.4%～118%,相对标准偏差为1.15%～7.15%。结论 该方法操作简便,重复性好,灵敏度高,可应用于牛奶中OPEs的痕量检测。     

超高效液相色谱-四级杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定尿液中的毒蕈碱

目的采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱建立固相萃取法快速分析尿液中毒蕈碱残留的检测方法。方法样品直接经固相萃取柱富集和净化,以HSS T_3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)为分析柱,含0.1%甲酸的乙腈及含0.1%甲酸和4 mmol/L甲酸铵的水溶液作为流动相A、B进行梯度洗脱分离,外标法定量。采用正离子采集模式对样品进行快速筛查,t MSMS采集模式定量分析。结果毒蕈碱在0.05~5μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归系数(r)大于0.999,该方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.02和0.05μg/L。以空白尿液样品进行0.05、0.1和0.5μg/L 3个水平的加标回收试验,毒蕈碱的平均回收率范围在73.2%~97.9%之间,RSD为2.5%~10.2%。结论本方法简单、灵敏、准确,适用于尿液中毒蕈碱残留的快速筛查和分析测定,可满足临床中毒分析和法医鉴定的检测需求。     

超高压液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定人尿液和全血中3种乌头生物碱

目的建立快速检测人尿液和全血中乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱的超高压液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。方法尿液样品直接进样,全血样品经乙腈-甲醇(9:1,v/v)沉淀蛋白,以甲醇和5.0 mmol/L碳酸氢铵水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在BEH C18色谱柱上实现分离,电喷雾正离子多反应监测方式检测,以那可丁作为内标的基质标准内标法定量。结果尿液和全血中3种乌头生物碱的平均加标回收率分别为93.9%～108%和89.7%～109%,相对标准偏差为1.3%～11%和1.1%～18%(n=6),定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.05μg/L和0.1μg/L。结论此方法灵敏、准确,已成功应用于一起中毒事件的检测。     

分散液液微萃取-GC-MS/MS测定纺织废水中痕量4-氨基偶氮苯

建立了分散液液微萃取-气相色谱串联质谱法测定纺织废水中偶氮染料释放的痕量4-氨基偶氮苯的新方法。在碱性条件下,用连二亚硫酸钠还原纺织废水试样中的偶氮染料,再以乙腈为分散剂、三氯甲烷为萃取剂对分解生成的4-氨基偶氮苯进行分散液液微萃取,之后采用气相色谱-串联质谱法测定,内标法定量。方法优化了废水试样制备、还原反应条件、分散液液微萃取影响条件以及色谱和质谱条件等。优化的检测方法呈现良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.1～10.0μg/L;方法检出限为0.03μg/L,定量限为0.1μg/L;加标回收率为88.0%～97.0%。该方法具有操作简便、检出限低的优势,能够满足纺织废水中痕量4-氨基偶氮苯的检测。     

运动营养食品中β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙的含量测定

文章旨在建立高效液相色谱法测定运动营养食品中β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙(Calcium-β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate,HMB-Ca)含量的方法。取样品于50 mL容量瓶中，加入0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液约40mL，超声处理30 min，用0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液定容至50 mL，用0.45μm滤膜过滤，经Phenomenex Gemini C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离，以0.01 mol/L庚烷磺酸钠溶液:甲醇(95:5,V:V)为流动相等度洗脱，流速0.8 mL/min，柱温30℃，进样量10μL，二极管阵列检测器214 nm波长采集数据，外标法定量。HMB-Ca在5～1000 mg/L浓度范围内线性良好，相关系数R2为0.99999。3个浓度水平的平均加标回收率在96.9%～98.1%，相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.87%～1.84%，精密度的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.32%，方法检出限为0.020 g/100 g，定量限为0.050 g/100 g。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高，具有良好的准确度和精密度，适用于运...     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the