中冷再热STIG循环的Yong分析

对中冷再热注蒸汽燃气轮机（ＳＴＩＧ）循环Ｙｏｎｇ分析结果表明，中冷再热ＳＴＩＧ循环比简单ＳＴＩＧ循环的Ｙｏｎｇ效率显著提高，同时，分析了设备性能和各循环参数对Ｙｏｎｇ效率的影响，分析了各种不同可逆损失产生部位，得出了与热平衡本质不同的结论。     

STIG循环余热锅炉回热限制分析

为分析注蒸汽燃气轮机（ＳＴＩＧ）循环余热锅炉回热限制，本文对ＳＴＩＧ循环在１０００～１３００℃的温域，８～４２的压比范围进行了仿真计算。计算表明：余热锅炉首先达到哪一种回热限制，取决于具体的给定条件；它受回汪蒸汽温度的影响，并且与最小允许节点温差值的选择有关。     

蒸汽冷却及其在先进热力联合循环中的应用

本文介绍了展高性能燃气轮机采用先进冷却技术的必要性，并就现有的实际燃气轮机蒸汽冷却方案作了介绍，提出了ＳＴＩＧ的闭路蒸汽冷却方案，并计算分析了ＳＴＩＧ和ＩＳＴＩＧ等先进的双工质燃气轮机联合循环中采用蒸汽冷却的可行性及其潜在优势。     

不可逆中冷焦耳_布雷顿功热并供系统火用分析

运用热力学火用分析的方法,分别考虑了高低温侧换热器、热回收装置侧换热器和中冷器的热阻损失,以及压缩机和涡轮机中的内不可逆损失,以无因次总输出火用和火用效率为目标函数,借助数值分析的方法,研究了恒温热源条件下不可逆中冷焦耳—布雷顿功热并供系统的火用性能,分析了主要特征参数对无因次总输出火用及火用效率的影响。分析结果表明,当中间压比不变而总压比变化时,存在一组最佳运行参数,使无因次总输出火用达到最大,还存在最大的总输出火用和火用效率以及相对应的一组最佳运行参数。提高中冷器换热有效度可以增加无因次总输出火用和火用效率。     

恒温热源不可逆闭式中冷回热燃气轮机循环的功率和效率

用有限时间热力学方法首次研究了恒温热源条件下不可逆闭式中冷回热燃气轮机循环的功率、效率以及中间压比特性，导出了无因次功率及效率的解析式。通过数值计算方法，分析了中冷度、回热度对循环最优功率、最优效率及其对应的中间压比分配的影响。     

闭式注蒸汽燃气轮机循环热效率的估算方法

将实际循环在循环完善程度和设备完善程度方面与理论的卡诺循环进行对比，通过循环的特性参数估算出闭式注蒸汽燃气轮机循环的热效率，并在此基础上给出了中冷，再热和燃煤气的闭式注蒸汽循环热效率的估算公式，同时分析了循环系数和完善系数对循环热效率的影响。     

中冷回热布雷顿热电联产装置的火用性能分析

建立了恒温热源内可逆中冷回热布雷顿热电联产装置模型,基于火用分析的观点,用有限时间热力学理论和方法研究了装置的性能,导出了无量纲火用输出率和火用效率的解析式。讨论了总压比给定和总压比变化两种情形,优化了中间压比和总压比,通过数值计算分析了回热度、中冷度和高温侧热源温度与环境温度之比等参数对装置一般性能和最优性能的影响,研究了火用输出率和火用效率之间的关系,其特性关系为扭叶型。最后发现分别存在最佳的用户侧温度使火用输出率和火用效率取得双重最大值。     

燃煤气的闭式STIG循环中气化系统能量转化效率的研究

针对燃煤气的闭式ＳＴＩＧ循环,给出气化系统能量转化效率的计算式,计算三种典型气化炉分别采用高温干法和常温湿法净化系统的能量转化效率,同时分析能量转化效率对整个循环系统效率的影响。     

燃煤气的闭式 STIG 循环的热力学分析

本文将煤气化技术用于闭式注蒸汽燃气轮机循环，对以煤气化产物为燃料的闭式注蒸汽循环进行了热力学分析，并与燃煤气的开式ＳＴＩＧ循环做了比较，同时分析了回收水量的影响因素。     

恒温热源不可逆中冷回热布雷顿热电联产装置的(火用)经济性能优化

用有限时间热力学理论和方法研究了恒温热源不可逆中冷回热布雷顿热电联产装置的火用经济性能,导出了无量纲利润率和火用效率的解析式.以利润率和火用效率为目标,通过数值计算对热导率的分配、中间压比的选取进行了优化.得到了最大利润率和火用效率.进一步对总压比进行优化,得到了双重最大利润率,但火用效率不存在双重最大值.详细分析了设...     

Exergy analysis for a Braysson cycle

An exergy analysis has been carried out for an irreversible Braysson cycle. The analytical formulae of power output and exergy efficiency are derived. The influences of various parameters on the exergy performance are analyzed by numerical calculation, and the results obtained have been compared with those of Brayton cycle under the same conditions. It is shown that the exergy loss in the combustion is the largest in the Braysson cycle, and both specific work and exergy efficiency of the cycle are larger than those of Brayton cycle.     

Thermodynamic performance assessment of boron based thermochemical water splitting cycle for renewable hydrogen production

The present study is related with the thermodynamic performance assessment of renewable hydrogen production through Boron thermochemical water splitting cycle. Therefore, all step efficiencies and overall cycle efficiency are calculated based on complete reaction. Additionally, a parametric study is conducted to determine the effect of the reference environment temperature on the overall cycle efficiency. In this regard, exergy efficiencies, exergy destruction rates and also inlet and outlet exergy rates of the cycle are calculated and presented for various reference temperatures. The exergy efficiency of the cycle is calculated as 0.4393 based on complete reaction and occurs at 298 K. This study has shown that Boron thermochemical water splitting cycle has a great potential due to cycle performance. As a result, Boron based thermochemical water splitting cycle can help achieve better environment and sustainability due to high exergetic efficiency. By the way, economic and technical issues of the storage and transportation of the hydrogen can find a proper solution if the hydrogen production reaction of the Boron thermochemical water splitting cycle takes place on-board of a vehicle.     

Thermodynamic viability of a new three step high temperature Cu-Cl cycle for hydrogen production

A new three step high temperature Cu-Cl thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production is presented. The performance of the proposed cycle is investigated through energy and exergy approaches. Furthermore, the effects of various parameters, such as the temperatures of the steps of the cycle and power plant efficiency, on various energy and exergy efficiencies are assessed with parametric studies. The results show that the exergy and energy efficiencies of the proposed cycle are 68.3% and 32.0%, respectively. In addition, the exergy analysis results reveal that the hydrogen production step has the maximum specific exergy destruction with a value of 150.9 kJ/mol. The results suggest that proposed cycle may provide enhanced options for high temperature thermochemical cycles by improving thermal management without causing a sudden temperature jump/fall between the hydrogen production step and other steps.     

Exergy analysis of Joule–Thomson cryogenic refrigeration cycle with an ejector

In this paper, exergy method is applied to analyze the ejector expansion Joule–Thomson (EJT) cryogenic refrigeration cycle. The exergy destruction rate in each component of the EJT cycle is evaluated in detail. The effect of some main parameters on the exergy destruction and exergetic efficiency of the cycle is also investigated. The most significant exergy destruction rates in the cycle are in the compressor and ejector. The ejector pressure ratio and compressor isothermal efficiency have a significant effect on the exergetic efficiency of the EJT cycle. The exergy analysis results show the EJT cycle has an obvious increase in the exergetic efficiency compared to the basic Joule–Thomson refrigeration cycle. A significant advantage from the use of the ejector is that the total exergy destruction of the EJT cycle can be reduced due to much more decreasing of the exergy destruction rates in the compressor and expansion valve. The exergy analysis also reconfirms that applying an ejector is a very important approach to improve the performance of the Joule–Thomson cryogenic refrigeration cycle.     

Exergetical analysis of organic flash cycle with two-phase expander for recovery of finite thermal reservoirs

In this work exergetical performance analysis is carried out based on the second law of thermodynamics for organic flash cycle（OFC） using a two-phase expander instead of throttle expansion in order to recover efficiently finite thermal reservoirs.The exergy destructions（anergies） at various components of the system are theoretically investigated as well as the exergy efficiency.Results show that the anergy of heat exchanger or two-phase expander decreases while the anergy of throttle valve increases with increasing flash temperature,and the exergy efficiency has an optimum value with respect to the flash temperature.Under the optimal conditions with respect to the flash temperature,exergy efficiency increases with the heating temperature and the component having the largest exergy destruction varies with the flash temperature or heating temperature.     

Energetic and exergetic performance analyses of a combined heat and power plant with absorption inlet cooling and evaporative aftercooling

In this paper, exergy method is applied to analyze the gas turbine cycle cogeneration with inlet air cooling and evaporative aftercooling of the compressor discharge. The exergy destruction rate in each component of cogeneration is evaluated in detail. The effects of some main parameters on the exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of the cycle are investigated. The most significant exergy destruction rates in the cycle are in combustion chamber, heat recovery steam generator and regenerative heat exchanger. The overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature have significant effect on exergy destruction in most of the components of cogeneration. The results obtained from the analysis show that inlet air cooling along with evaporative aftercooling has an obvious increase in the energy and exergy efficiency compared to the basic gas turbine cycle cogeneration. It is further shown that the first-law efficiency, power to heat ratio and exergy efficiency of the cogeneration cycle significantly vary with the change in overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature but the change in process heat pressure shows small variation in these parameters.     

The exergy of the ocean thermal resource and analysis of second-law efficiencies of idealized ocean thermal energy conversion power cycles

We develop a fomula here to compute the maximum amount of work which can be extracted from a given combined mass of warm and cold ocean water (a quantity called the exergy of the ocean thermal resource). We then compare the second-law efficiencies of various proposed ocean thermal energy conversion power cycles to determine which best utilizes the exergy of the ocean thermal resource. The second-law efficiencies of the multicomponent working fluid cycle, the Beck cycle, and the open and closed single- and multiple-stage Rankine cycles are compared. These types of OTEC power plants are analyzed in a consistent manner, which assumes that all deviations from a plant making use of all the exergy (one with a second-law efficiency of 100%) occur because of irreversible transfer of heat across a finite temperature difference. Conversion of thermal energy to other forms is assumed to occur reversibly. The comparison of second-law efficiencies of various OTEC power cycles shows that the multistage Rankine open cycle with just three stages has the potential of best using the exergy of the ocean thermal resource.     

跨临界CO2制冷循环火用分析

基于热力学第二定律,对跨临界CO2制冷循环过程的损失及火用效率进行理论分析,发现节流过程火用损失最大,循环火用效率为25%。提高蒸发温度和降低冷却终了温度是提高循环火用效率的有效途径;升高冷却压力,可以降低节流过程火用损失,但是对循环火用效率影响不大。     

A procedure to select working fluids for Solar Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs)

The selection of working fluid and working conditions of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has a great effect on the system operation, and its energy efficiency and impact on the environment. The main purpose of this study is to develop a procedure to compare capabilities of working fluids when they are employed in solar Rankine cycles with similar working conditions. The Refprop 8.0 database with 117 organic fluids has been considered as the reference in this study. A procedure to compare ORC working fluids based on their molecular components, temperature–entropy diagram and fluid effects on the thermal efficiency, net power generated, vapor expansion ratio, and exergy efficiency of the Rankine cycle has been proposed. Fluids with the best cycle performance have been recognized in two different temperature levels within two different categories of fluids: refrigerants and non-refrigerants. Based on categories of solar collectors, 11 fluids have been suggested to be employed in solar ORCs that use low or medium temperature solar collectors. Collector efficiency improvement and use of the regenerative ORC instead of the basic cycle reduce irreversibility of a solar ORC. Calculation results show that for selected fluids, the theoretical limits for irreversibility reduction and exergy efficiency enhancement through collector efficiency improvement are 35% and 5% respectively, when the collector efficiency increases from 70% to 100%. The effect of regeneration on the exergy efficiency of the cycle is fluid dependent while the effect of collector efficiency improvement on the exergy efficiency of the cycle is nearly independent of fluid type. At the two temperature levels studied, higher molecular complexity results in more effective regenerative cycles except for Cyclohydrocarbons.     

Effect of working fluids in a novel geothermal-based integration of organic-flash and power/cooling generation cycles with hydrogen and freshwater production units

One of the essential steps to design energy conversion-based systems is choosing an efficient working fluid under the design goals to access stable products with high efficiency and overcome environmental issues. In this regard, the current paper is motivated to devise and evaluate a novel geothermal-driven multigeneration system under the effect of various working fluids. The proposed system consists of a flash-binary geothermal power plant, an organic flash cycle (OFC), a power/cooling subsystem (an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and a thermoelectric generator incorporated with a compression refrigeration cycle), and freshwater and hydrogen production units utilizing a humidification-dehumidification desalination unit and a low-temperature electrolyzer. Considering the design potential of the OFC and ORC, four different environmentally-friendly working fluids, i.e., R123 and R600 in the OFC and R1234yf and R1234ze(e) in the ORC are selected and classified in four groups to introduce the best one, under the energy, exergy, and economic (3E analysis) approaches. Also, the whole system is optimized through a genetic algorithm, respecting the optimal solution for the energy efficiency and unit exergy cost of the products. According to the results, R123/R1234ze(e) shows the highest cooling, hydrogen, freshwater production rates, and energy efficiency. Likewise, the maximum power generation and exergy efficiency belong to R600/R1234ze(e). Moreover, R600/R1234yf has the lowest unit exergy cost of products.