染料前体对光热敏微胶囊光聚合的影响

利用界面聚合技术获得了新型光信息记录材料光热敏微胶囊。借助荧光光谱及红外光谱技术研究了染料前体ODB-2对光引发剂激发态及光热敏微胶囊内部光聚合特性的影响。实验结果表明染料前体在紫外的光吸收竞争造成光引发剂荧光激发谱与发射光谱强度的降低,引起光引发剂激发态分子数的减少,进而影响到光引发剂初级自由基的量子产率以及光聚合的反应过程;在光热敏微胶囊内部发现单体光聚合速度与最终聚合程度随染料前体浓度的增加均减小,且不同种类染料前体对微胶囊内部光聚合的影响程度也不相同。     

可见激光立体光造型树脂协同引发体系引发机理的研究

用紫外／可见光谱及荧光／磷光光谱研究了在514nm波长下能引发丙烯酸－环氧树脂聚合的由染料，紫外光引发剂，叔胺组成的协同引发体系的引发机理，染料吸收可见光被激发，其激发三线态与叔胺形成激基复合物，并由此生成叔胺自由基，叔胺自由基与紫外引发剂发生电子转移作用生成活性更大的自由基引发聚合。     

双咪唑光敏引发体系在可见光胶印PS版中的应用

本文选取三种不同的光敏剂，与光引发剂六芳基双咪唑相复合，构成了四种可见光光敏引发体系，我们将三种可见光光敏引发体系应用于可见光胶印ＰＳ版的研究中，通过曝光实验，得到了制备可见光胶印ＰＣ版的初步条件，为以后的激光直接制版材料的研究打下基础。     

两种新型咔唑类双光子光聚合引发剂的合成与光学性质

报道了两种新型的咔唑类双光子光聚合引发剂,3,6-双[2-（4-吡啶基）乙烯基]-9-苯基咔唑（1） 和 3,6-双[2-（2-吡啶基）乙烯基]-9-苯基咔唑（2）,它们是通过钯催化的Heck偶连反应合成得到,并用元素分析,红外光谱,核磁共振氢谱和电喷雾电离质谱等对它们进行了全面的表征.这两个A-π-D-π-A结构的咔唑衍生物具有很好的单光子和双光子荧光行为,我们也详细研究了它们的溶剂效应和作为双光子引发剂用于微结构的制备,并讨论了它们的引发聚合的机理.     

新型双光子聚合引发剂的合成和非线性光学性质的研究

合成了两种新的双光子聚合引发剂反式-二苯基-{{4-[2-(4-吡咯基-1-苯基)-乙烯基]-苯基}胺(简称DPVPA)和反式-9-{4-[2-(4-吡咯基-1-苯基)-乙烯基]-苯基]-9-氢咔唑(简称PPVPA).用1H NMR谱和元素分析进行了表征.测试了紫外吸收光谱、单光子荧光光谱、单光子荧光寿命和双光子荧光光谱.在760 nm的飞秒脉冲激光激发下,DPVPA和PPVPA均发出较强的上转换荧光,荧光峰分别位于468和452 nm.以DPVPA做引发剂,加入丙烯酸酯型齐聚物(CN120C80),用DATACHROOM-5000纳秒激光器辐射出600nm的激光做光源,实现了双光子聚合反应,并定性地解释了其聚合机理.     

光聚合法制备水稳定性荧光纳米颗粒及其表征

以3,6-二氧杂-1,8-辛烷二硫醇(EGDT)和己二酸二丙烯酯(DAA)为单体,苝四羧酸丙烯酯为荧光染料,采用"巯基-双键"光聚合法制备了粒径均一、水稳定性的苝荧光纳米颗粒。通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪和紫外-可见分光光度计等手段对其进行表征。结果表明:所制备的荧光纳米颗粒具有良好的单分散性且荧光性能好。     

丙烯基醚-丙烯酸酯杂化单体的合成及光聚合动力学研究

自由基光聚合和阳离子光聚合技术中各自存在着固有不足之处，诸如挥发性强，氧气阻聚作用大，收缩率高或者固化速度慢，水分影响严重等。 杂化光聚合体系是一种可以改善这些不足的方法，它可以分为混合杂化体系和杂化单体体系两种。其中杂化单体是指包含两种不同反应机理的活性基团，并通过化学键连结的单体，这种结构将改变两种官能团的光聚合动力学性质，并且使通过两种光聚合机理形成的聚合物成为均匀一致的、通过化学键相连的互穿网络结构，从而提高其机械物理性能。 本文合成了一种新型的丙烯基醚-丙烯酸酯杂化单体-丙烯氧基丙氧基丙烯酸酯（PPA），并应用实时变换傅立叶红外光谱法（RT—FTIK）对其进行了光聚合动力学研究。结果表明，在以硫锚盐为光引发剂时，这种杂化单体可以有效进行杂化光聚合反应，丙烯基醚和丙烯酸酯双键都显示出了较快的反应速度和较高的最终转化率。与混合杂化体系相比，每种基团的反应动力学性质都得到了促进，同时这种杂化单体结构还降低了羟基对于烯基醚基团光聚合的影响。这将为开发新型的光聚合活性单体开创新的途径和方法。     

偶氮苯功能聚合物的合成及光响应性

采用4-羟基偶氮苯和2-溴异丁酰溴反应制备了引发剂溴代异丁酸偶氮苯酯(AZO-Br),利用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)反应,以AZO-Br为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体,通过改变AZO-Br和DMAEMA的配比,设计制备了一系列偶氮苯封端的聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(AZO-PDMAEMA)。利用红外光谱、核磁和凝胶渗透色谱等对所得的AZO-Br引发剂及AZO-PDMAEMA聚合物的结构和相对分子质量及其分布等进行表征。利用紫外-可见光分光光度计对AZO-PDMAEMA聚合物的光响应性进行了测试。结果表明,聚合物在325 nm处的特征吸收峰的强度随着紫外光照时间的延长而下降,照射37 min后达到平衡;聚合物中偶氮苯基团的相对含量越少越有利于光异构化反应的发生;在紫外光和可见光的交替照射下,AZO-PDMAEMA聚合物表现出了可循环的光响应性。     

樟脑醌(CQ)/脂肪胺引发牙科复合树脂的光聚合动力学研究

采用实时红外技术研究了樟脑醌（CQ）／脂肪胺可见光引发牙科复合树脂聚合的动力学过程。考察了不同胺链长、胺浓度以及光强对牙科修复复合树脂光聚合动力学的影响。结果表明：随着链长的增加，反应速率和转化率都有一定程度的降低，增加引发体系的浓度和增加光强都可以增加反应速率和转化率。     

咔唑和二氰基蒽掺杂纳米粒子的制备及光学性质

以蓝光染料咔唑为电子给体,黄光染料9,10-二氰基蒽为电子受体,采用再沉淀法制备了咔唑和二氰基蒽等摩尔掺杂的纳米粒子。掺杂纳米粒子与纯咔唑聚集体或二氰基蒽聚集体的形貌和发射光颜色明显不同,说明咔唑和二氰基蒽很好的掺杂到一起。吸收光谱表明咔唑和二氰基蒽在掺杂纳米粒子中没有形成电荷转移复合物,荧光发射光谱和荧光寿命表明咔唑和二氰基蒽在掺杂纳米粒子中形成激基复合物,激基复合物的出现使得掺杂纳米粒子的发射光颜色为橙色。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.