基于复合特征的复制粘贴伪造图像盲检测

提出了一种基于复合图像特征的复制粘贴伪造图像盲检测算法。复合图像特征由一维特征矩、二维特征矩、马尔科夫特征组成,从时空、局部和全局综合提取图像特征描述,提高了图像特征描述符的表示能力。本文所提的伪造图像盲检测算法基于复合图像特征,分析图像块间的相似度,搜索复制粘贴伪造区域。通过哥伦比亚大学伪造图像数据集的测试结果表明,在灰度值变化明显和细节轮廓清晰的图像中,所提算法能达到比较理想的检测效果,准确率较高。     

利用SIFT特征的非对称匹配图像拼接盲检测

复制粘贴伪造图像鉴定检测图像中的疑似相似区域。传统的逐像素或逐块的鉴定方式耗时冗长。提出一种利用SIFT(尺度不变特征转换)特征的非对称搜索的复制粘贴伪造图像盲检测算法,算法利用图像SIFT特征初步定位复制粘贴伪造疑似区域,利用非对称特征搜索方式进行方向性的特征匹配,准确定位复制粘贴伪造区域。实验结果表明,本文算法能够准确检测复制粘贴伪造区域,检测结果不受高斯、椒盐等噪声的影响,检测效率比传统算法提高了1～2个数量级。     

基于小波矩的图像复制粘贴篡改检测

图像的局部复制粘贴篡改技术,是最常见的一种图像伪造方式,对此提出一种基于小波矩的图像复制粘贴篡改检测算法．首先通过变分水平集活动轮廓模型初步确定图像篡改的可疑区域：然后对每一块可疑区域利用小波矩算法提取其小波矩特征;接着利用余弦相关性测度判别可疑区域的相似性;最后定位图像的篡改区域．实验结果表明本算法能够有效提取可疑区域,并进一步定位篡改区域．此外,算法对图像前景篡改区域的平移、旋转和缩放具有较强的鲁棒性．     

基于均值漂移的图像复制粘贴伪造盲检测

针对传统图像复制粘贴伪造盲检测算法存在的耗时长、计算量大、检测精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于均值漂移(MS)的图像复制粘贴伪造盲检测算法。该方法提取图像的加速稳健特征(SURF)特征点,通过最近邻匹配方法进行特征匹配,滤除冗余点,初步定位复制粘贴伪造区域。利用均值漂移将具有相同或相似属性的图像像素分割为同一区域,借助匹配后的SURF特征点与其所在均值漂移分割区域的位置依赖关系确定伪造区域,并采用边缘直方图和HSV颜色直方图衡量特征点所在分割区域与相邻区域间的相似度,将大于相似度阈值的邻域划分到复制粘贴伪造区域中,进一步细化伪造检测结果,最终实现图像的复制粘贴伪造盲检测。实验结果表明,在细节轮廓清晰和灰度值变化明显的图像中,该算法能够达到比较理想的检测效果,能够鲁棒地、高效地检测出图像的复制粘贴伪造区域。     

基于小波和不变矩的图像copy-move篡改盲检测

针对数字图像取证中一类常见的复制粘贴图像伪造,本文提出了一种基于小波变换和不变矩提取的检测算法。该算法利用小波变换提取图像的低频分量,对低频分量分块进行不变矩特征提取,然后将特征矢量进行按行字典排序,并且配合图像块的偏移位置信息,进行图像复制伪造区域的检测和定位。实验表明该算法能够较精确地定位出复制和粘贴的图像伪造区域,并有效地减少了运算量,提高了检测效率。     

基于均值漂移的图像复制粘贴伪造盲检测

摘要：随着数字多媒体技术及计算机网络技术的发展,数字图像在信息技术时代扮演着越来越重要的角色,图像的真实性成为现代人们广泛关注的热点之一,为此提出了一种基于均值漂移的图像复制粘贴伪造盲检测算法。提取图像的SURF（Speed up robust feature）特征点,通过最近邻匹配方法进行特征匹配,滤除冗余点,初步定位复制粘贴伪造区域。均值漂移（Mean Shift）将具有相同或相似属性的图像像素分割为同一区域,利用匹配后的SURF特征点与其所在均值漂移分割区域的位置依赖关系确定伪造区域,并采用边缘直方图和HSV颜色直方图衡量特征点所在分割区域与相邻分割区域间的相似度,进一步细化伪造检测结果,最终实现图像的复制粘贴伪造盲检测。实验结果表明,该算法能够鲁棒地、高效地检测出图像的复制粘贴伪造区域。     

基于超像素形状特征的图像复制粘贴篡改检测算法

针对传统图像复制粘贴篡改检测方法中划分子块的数目过大导致算法时间复杂度过高且抵抗几何变换能力较弱的问题,提出一种基于超像素形状特征的图像复制粘贴篡改检测算法.首先提出基于小波对比度自适应划分超像素的方法分割图像并提取稳定的特征点;然后提出新颖的形状编码方式提取超像素形状特征,并与特征点融合,估计可疑伪造区域;最后对可疑伪造区域进行二次超像素分割和匹配,精确定位篡改区域.实验结果表明,提出的算法具有抵抗几何变换、噪声、模糊和JPEG压缩的能力.     

基于不变矩特征的图像区域复制粘贴篡改检测

针对一种常见的篡改手段--图像区域复制粘贴,提出了一种基于不变矩特征的检测方法。将图像分成多个重叠块,提取每块的不变矩特征与直方图特征,结合起来得到图像的特征矢量。利用字典排序,依照预定的相似性标准,确定图像中的复制粘贴区域。实验结果表明,该算法在抗旋转操作方面明显优于经典的PCA检测算法,能准确检测出90°和180°的旋转。     

帧内复制粘贴视频伪造的盲检测

随着数字获取技术的发展,数字媒体文档的获取越来越方便,并已成为人们现代生活中不可缺少的组成部分。功能强大的视频编辑软件为视频复制粘贴提供了方便,因此视频伪造检测具有重大现实需求。利用传统的图像伪造检测算法逐帧对视频进行伪造检测计算量大、耗时冗长,且不能保证检测结果的时空一致性。本文提出了一种基于稠密SIFT流的帧内复制粘贴视频伪造盲检测算法。所提算法自适应地在内容最小变化位置把视频划分为多个视频段,提取每个视频段的关键帧;在关键帧利用匹配SIFT关键点定位初始疑似复制粘贴伪造区域,通过SIFT关键点和均值漂移分割区域的位置依赖关系细化疑似伪造区域;采用稠密SIFT流把关键帧检测结果过渡至非关键帧,最终实现视频的复制粘贴伪造盲检测。实验结果表明,所提视频伪造盲检测方法能够高效地检测出帧内复制粘贴的视频伪造区域。     

基于小波和奇异值分解的图像复制伪造区域检测

针对数字图像取证中一类常见的复制粘贴图像伪造,本文提出了一种基于小波变换和奇异值分解的检测算法.该算法利用小波变换提取图像的低频分量,对低频分量分块提取奇异值特征,这种特征描述形式对图像羽化或边缘模糊等处理具有鲁棒性.然后将特征矢量进行按行字典排序,并且配合图像块的偏移位置信息,进行图像复制伪造区域的检测和定位.实验表明该算法能够较精确地定位出复制和粘贴的图像伪造区域,并有效地减少了运算量,提高了检测效率.     

采用圆谐-傅里叶矩的图像区域复制粘贴篡改检测

现有检测方法大多对图像区域复制粘贴篡改的后处理操作鲁棒性不高.针对这种篡改技术,提出一种新的基于圆谐-傅里叶矩的区域篡改检测算法.首先将图像分为重叠的小块;然后提取每个图像块的圆谐-傅里叶矩作为特征向量并对其进行排序;最后根据阈值确定相似块,利用位移矢量阈值去除错误相似块以定位篡改区域.实验结果表明,该算法能有效抵抗噪声、高斯模糊、旋转等图像后处理操作,且与基于HU矩的方法相比有更好的检测结果.     

A new keypoint-based copy-move forgery detection for small smooth regions

Copy-move forgery is one of the most common types of image forgeries, where a region from one part of an image is copied and pasted onto another part, thereby concealing the image content in the latter region. Keypoint based copy-move forgery detection approaches extract image feature points and use local visual features, rather than image blocks, to identify duplicated regions. Keypoint based approaches exhibit remarkable performance with respect to computational cost, memory requirement, and robustness. But unfortunately, they usually do not work well if smooth background areas are used to hide small objects, as image keypoints cannot be extracted effectively from those areas. It is a challenging work to design a keypoint-based method for detecting forgeries involving small smooth regions. In this paper, we propose a new keypoint-based copy-move forgery detection for small smooth regions. Firstly, the original tampered image is segmented into nonoverlapping and irregular superpixels, and the superpixels are classified into smooth, texture and strong texture based on local information entropy. Secondly, the stable image keypoints are extracted from each superpixel, including smooth, texture and strong texture ones, by utilizing the superpixel content based adaptive feature points detector. Thirdly, the local visual features, namely exponent moments magnitudes, are constructed for each image keypoint, and the best bin first and reversed generalized 2 nearest-neighbor algorithm are utilized to find rapidly the matching image keypoints. Finally, the falsely matched image keypoints are removed by customizing the random sample consensus, and the duplicated regions are localized by using zero mean normalized cross-correlation measure. Extensive experimental results show that the newly proposed scheme can achieve much better detection results for copy-move forgery images under various challenging conditions, such as geometric transforms, JPEG compression, and additive white Gaussian noise, compared with the existing state-of-the-art copy-move forgery detection methods.     

一种基于自适应闭值的图像伪造检测算法

图像伪造检测是数字取证领域一个发展迅速的研究方向。复制一移动是最常见的图像伪造方式之一,其目的是通过隐藏或克隆对象来创建新的图像内容场景。复制一移动伪造检测的主要依据是图像中存在较大面积的相同或非常相似的区域对。针对以往检测方法对图像中存在同质纹理或均匀区域检测困难以及相关参数阂值选择不确定等现状,提出一种基于自适应阂值的图像复制一移动伪造检测算法,该算法不但使相关阂值的选择和估计更合理,而且能够自动识别和定位伪造区域。通过在包含同质或均匀区域的彩色伪造图像中的实验,进一步验证了本算法的有效性。     

Geometric transformations parameters estimation from copy-move forgery using image blobs and keypoints

A copy-move forgery is a passive tampering wherein one or more regions have been copied and pasted within the same image. Often, geometric transformations, including scale, rotation, and rotation+scale are applied to the forged areas to conceal the counterfeits to the copy-move forgery detection methods. Recently, copy-move forgery detection using image blobs have been used to tackle the limitation of the existing detection methods. However, the main limitation of blobs-based copy-move forgery detection methods is the inability to perform the geometric transformation estimation. To tackle the above-mentioned limitation, this article presents a technique that detects copy-move forgery and estimates the geometric transformation parameters between the authentic region and its duplicate using image blobs and scale-rotation invariant keypoints. The proposed algorithm involves the following steps: image blobs are found in the image being analyzed; scale-rotation invariant features are extracted; the keypoints that are located within the same blob are identified; feature matching is performed between keypoints that are located within different blobs to find similar features; finally, the blobs with matched keypoints are post-processed and a 2D affine transformations is computed to estimate the geometric transformation parameters. Our technique is flexible and can easily take in various scale-rotation invariant keypoints including AKAZE, ORB, BRISK, SURF, and SIFT to enhance the effectiveness. The proposed algorithm is implemented and evaluated on images forged with copy-move regions combined with geometric transformation from standard datasets. The experimental results indicate that the new algorithm is effective for geometric transformation parameters estimation.

     

基于半色调技术的印前图像篡改检测方法

本文印前图像特指图像数字排版经编辑确认后的数字印刷样张,其以栅格处理器分色后的加网二进制形式存储.数字样张一经确认,其来源的合法性便不受怀疑.但是,从印刷的整体流程来看,数字样张的存储、传输过程中仍有较大的篡改风险.现有的复制移动篡改检测算法存在特征维度高、计算开销大或检测率较低等问题,而且不适用于分色后的二进制样张.本文提出了一种基于半色调图像网点密度特征的Copy-Move篡改检测方法,该方法针对分色处理后的CMYK目标图像的二值量化处理,采用滑动分块的方法对目标图像进行分块,通过提取图像块CMYK四个通道的局部网点密度特征对图像块进行篡改检测.实验结果表明,该方法在图像篡改检测上较以往方法相比具有较低的时间复杂度和较高的检测率,并且对图像篡改区域的旋转攻击、小尺度缩放攻击等具有较好的鲁棒性.     

Image copy-move forgery passive detection based on improved PCNN and self-selected sub-images

Image forgery detection remains a challenging problem. For the most common copy-move forgery detection, the robustness and accuracy of existing methods can still be further improved. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose an image copy-move forgery passive detection method by combining the improved pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) and the self-selected sub-images. Our method has the following steps: First, contour detection is performed on the input color image, and bounding boxes are drawn to frame the contours to form suspected forgery sub-images. Second, by improving PCNN to perform feature extraction of sub-images, the feature invariance of rotation, scaling, noise adding, and so on can be achieved. Finally, the dual feature matching is used to match the features and locate the forgery regions. What's more, the self-selected sub-images can quickly obtain suspected forgery sub-images and lessen the workload of feature extraction, and the improved PCNN can extract image features with high robustness. Through experiments on the standard image forgery datasets CoMoFoD and CASIA, it is effectively verified that the robustness score and accuracy of proposed method are much higher than the current best method, which is a more efficient image copy-move forgery passive detection method.     

基于多支持区域局部亮度序的图像伪造检测

图像伪造检测是目前数字图像处理领域中的一个研究热点,其中复制-粘贴是最常用的伪造手段。由于伪造区域在粘贴前会被进行一定的尺度、旋转、JPEG压缩、添加噪声等操作,这使得检测伪造区域具有一定的挑战性。针对图像复制-粘贴伪造技术,提出一种基于多支持区域局部亮度序模式（LIOP）的图像伪造检测算法。首先,利用最大稳定极值区域（MSER）算法提取具有仿射不变性的区域作为支持区域;其次,利用非抽样Contourlet变换得到不同尺度、不同分辨率和不同方向的多个支持区域;然后,在每个支持区域上提取同时具有旋转不变性和单调亮度不变性的LIOP描述子,并利用双向距离比值法实现特征初匹配;接着,采用空间聚类将匹配的特征进行归类,进而用随机抽样一致性（RANSAC）算法对每个归类进行几何变换参数估计;最后,使用必要的后处理等操作来检测出伪造区域。实验表明,提出的算法具有较高的伪造检测精度与可信度。     

下采样对数字图像伪造检测的影响分析

在数字图像伪造检测中,取证过程容易导致伪造痕迹丢失,造成图像内容鉴别困难。为此,研究数字图像伪造检测方法的可靠性。给出图像复制-移动伪造检测流程,分析下采样处理对图像伪造检测的影响。理论分析与实验结果表明,在一定情况下,下采样处理会移除数字图像的伪造痕迹,影响检测结果。     

基于区域划分和四元数的彩色图像复制粘贴篡改检测

现有的篡改检测方法中特征点提取不充分会导致篡改检测精度不高,特征点描述符识别率差,针对该问题提出一种基于颜色矩的区域划分和四元数Hu矩的彩色图像复制粘贴篡改检测算法。首先,使用自适应形态重建算法对图像进行超像素分割,通过密度聚类算法对图像自适应划分区域;其次,提出一种关键点提取方法得到均匀的SIFT特征点;然后,在一种新颖的彩色图像四元数表示方法中构建局部高斯金字塔提取Hu矩特征;最后,利用2NN进行特征匹配后,结合Delaunay三角形算法定位出复制粘贴篡改区域。在公共数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法可以更有效地定位篡改区域。     

Keypoint-based copy-move detection scheme by adopting MSCRs and improved feature matching

Copy-move detection is to find the existence of duplicated regions in an image. In this paper, an effective method based on region features is proposed to detect copy-move forgeries, especially when the image is multiple copied or with multiple copy-move groups. Firstly, maximally stable color region detector is applied to extract features, and these features are represented by Zernike moments. Then an improved matching strategy considering n best-matching features is applied to deal with the multiple-copied problem. Moreover, a hierarchical cluster algorithm is developed to estimate transformation matrices and confirm the existence of forgery. Based on these matrices, the duplicated regions can be located at pixel level. Experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme outperforms other similar state-of-the-art techniques.