共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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CO2在地下深部封存可有效减少燃烧化石燃料产生的温室气体向大气层的排放。然而,现在碳捕集成本高、能耗大,在CO2捕集与封存(CCS)链条中碳捕集成本占60%,成为实施CCS的瓶颈。煤化工厂排放高浓度CO2可能为中国实现全链条的CCS提供早期的机会。目前经过国家发改委批准的煤化工企业排放的高浓度CO2总量已达亿吨规模,如果这些企业能够实现CO2封存,对于中国减少温室气体排放将具有重要意义。中国的沉积盆地拥有适合CO2地质封存的储盖层组合,其中有些油田适合利用CO2驱油来提高石油采收率(EOR),高浓度CO2排放源靠近封存场地将有效减少运输成本和工程操作的复杂性。高浓度CO2气源与EOR或深部咸水层封存的耦合将给中国提供在全球率先实现碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)的机会。 相似文献
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通过窑尾CO2变压吸附捕集与利用的成套装置,将窑尾烟气CO2提纯到40%后,巧妙搭载在飞灰水洗水泥窑协同处置技术系统中,用于飞灰水洗液硬度降控和pH调节,低成本利用窑尾烟气CO2.同时结合前期装置运行中出现的问题,进行技术优化改进,建成变温吸附(TSA)+变压吸附(PSA)的碳捕集装置一套,该装置CO2吸附速率可达到1... 相似文献
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由于CO2等温室气体引发的温室效应对全球生态环境和社会经济发展造成了显著影响,使得CO2减排受到了国际社会的密切关注。文章针对CO2的集中排放源,介绍燃煤电厂烟气中CO2减排技术路线和目前国际上常用的CO2捕集分离技术,最后分析和展望CO2捕集分离技术的发展前景。 相似文献
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温室气体CO2是当今世界环境恶化的主要原因之一,近年来针对CO2的捕集技术也相继被研究.磷石膏是湿法冶炼磷酸的副产物,具有产量大、微辐射性等特点,严重危害自然环境和人类健康.本文阐述二氧化碳捕集与封存(CCS)以及燃烧后捕集的三大方法的具体技术原理与特点,着重分析利用钙基吸收剂捕集CO2的技术特点和优势,提出CO2捕集技术的探索方向并指出利用磷石膏分解渣作钙基吸收剂矿化捕集CO2的思路.当前对CO2捕集的研究多停留在吸收剂捕集方面,单纯吸收剂虽吸收效果较好,但其成本较高.磷石膏分解渣作钙基吸收剂不仅有着良好的捕集效果,且解决了成本问题,实现了"以废制废"的思路. 相似文献
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《化学工业与工程技术》2008,29(2):17-17
美国Georgia技术研究院研究人员开发了一种新的低成本材料,可用于从燃煤电厂和其他温室气体发生源的烟气中捕集CO2。这种新材料采用简单的一步法工艺生产,对CO2有很高的吸附能力,并且可重复使用多次。 相似文献
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二氧化碳捕集技术及应用分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了CO2捕集技术及现状。CO2捕集是CCS的关键技术单元之一,针对不同的CO2气源,国内外研究开发了多种技术。许多CO2捕集技术已经工业化,其中燃烧后烟气中CO2的捕集技术主要是以一乙醇胺(MEA)为基础的胺法;燃烧前的CO2捕集技术主要应用于IGCC电厂,一般需要对煤气中CO进行部分变换,变换后脱碳可采用成熟技术,如Selexol(NHD)等。富氧燃烧则是在中试成功的基础上,进行更大规模的工业示范。国内外大型煤制油化工项目主要采用低温甲醇洗脱除CO2,如果设置CO2产品塔,则可以获得体积分数98%以上的CO2。天然气脱碳主要采用MDEA技术。另外还有低温法、PSA、膜分离等CO2捕集技术及化学链燃烧等一些正在研发的技术。 相似文献
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通过ASPEN PLUS过程系统建模模拟,设计了生物质制甲醇系统中CO2的捕集工艺流程,并分析了其技术经济性能,研究了不同CO2捕集率的成本及其对生物质制甲醇能耗、水耗的影响。结果表明,捕集率为85%时生物质制甲醇系统CO2捕集封存较佳,单位捕集量的成本最低,有效能耗为453 MJ/t、水耗为193 kg/t、成本为135元/t,远低于直接从大气中捕集CO2。虽然这将使生物质制甲醇的生产成本增加154元/t,但当CO2减排补贴价格为40~50元/t时,则可抵消该部分成本增量。 相似文献
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设计了以离子液体[APMIM]Br水溶液吸收-生成水合物捕获CO2工艺流程,并利用CO2在该离子水溶液中的溶解度数据和在其中生成CO2水合物的相平衡实验数据进行物料衡算. 考察了水含量、压力和液气流量比对气体吸收-水合物生成的CO2双重捕获效果的影响,对比了气体水合物与离子液体水溶液捕获CO2的能力. 结果表明,在较高压力和水含量条件下,水合物捕获CO2的效应强于离子液体溶液;较低压力下离子液体溶液吸收CO2起主要作用. 与纯水合物法相比,双捕获工艺具有一定优势,且突破了单纯水合物脱碳的压力和CO2含量要求高的局限性. 当原料气中CO2低于65%(j)时,系统的脱碳效率低于40%,对于CO2含量较低的气体,其CO2的脱除性能回归至单纯离子液体溶液体系. 相似文献
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Calcium looping realizes CO2 capture via the cyclic calcination/carbonation of CaO.The combustion of fuel supplies energy for the calciner.It is unavoidable that some unburned char in the calciner flows into the carbonator,generating CO due to the hypoxic atmosphere in the carbonator.CO can reduce NO in the flue gases from coal-fired power plants.In this work,NO removal performance of CO in the carbonation stage of calcium looping for CO2 capture was investigated in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor.The effects of carbonation temperature,CO concentration,CO2 capture,type of CaO,number of CO2 capture cycles and presence of char on NO removal by CO in carbonation stage of calcium looping were discussed.CaO possesses an efficient catalytic effect on NO removal by CO.High temperature and high CO concen-tration lead to high NO removal efficiency of CO in the presence of CaO.Taking account of better NO removal and CO2 capture,the optimal carbonation temperature is 650 ℃.The carbonation of CaO reduces the catalytic activity of CaO for NO removal by CO due to the formation of CaCO3.Besides,the catalytic performance of CaO on NO removal by CO gradually decreases with the number of CO2 capture cycles.This is because the sintering of CaO leads to the fusion of CaO grains and blockage of pores in CaO,hin-dering the diffusion of NO and CO.The high CaO content and porous structure of calcium-based sorbents are beneficial for NO removal by CO.The presence of char promotes NO removal by CO in the carbonator.CO2/NO removal efficiencies can reach above 90%.The efficient simultaneous NO and CO2 removal by CO and CaO in the carbonation step of the calcium looping seems promising. 相似文献
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Using pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology to purify carbon monoxide (CO) discharged from industrial gases is a high-efficiency and economical method. In this article, a four-bed PSA experiment for CO purification was improved and optimized, in which a set of 120 m^3·h^-1 pilot-scale PSA device was developed to purify CO from industrial tail gases, a set of control systems suitable for industry production was developed, and the influences of the operating parameters on CO purification were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the pilot-scale PSA device could produce qualified product gas and get high CO recovery ratio under optimized conditions. The research may provide reliable fundamental data, for industrial scale utilization of CO, from industrial tail gases, and have strong market competitive power and a broad promoted application prospect. 相似文献
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Global warming and associated global climate change have led to serious efforts towards reducing CO2 emissions through the CO2 capture from the major emission sources.CO2 capture using the amine func-tionalized adsorbents is regard as a direct and effective way to reducing CO2 emissions due to their large CO2 adsorption amount,excellent CO2 adsorption selectivity and lower energy requirements for adsor-bent regeneration.Moreover,large number of achievements on the amine functionalized solid adsorbent have been recorded for the enhanced CO2 capture in the past few years.In view of this,we review and analyze the recent advances in amine functionalized solid adsorbents prepared with different supporting materials including mesoporous silica,zeolite,porous carbon materials,metal organic frameworks(MOF)and other composite porous materials.In addition,amine functionalized solid adsorbents derived from waste resources are also reviewed because of the large number demand for cost-effective carbon dioxide adsorbents and the processing needs of waste resources.Considering the importance of the stability of the adsorbent in practical applications,advanced research in the capture cycle stability has also been summarized and analyzed.Finally,we summarize the review and offer the recommendations for the development of amine-based solid adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture. 相似文献