煤化工产业与二氧化碳地质封存

CO2在地下深部封存可有效减少燃烧化石燃料产生的温室气体向大气层的排放。然而,现在碳捕集成本高、能耗大,在CO2捕集与封存(CCS)链条中碳捕集成本占60%,成为实施CCS的瓶颈。煤化工厂排放高浓度CO2可能为中国实现全链条的CCS提供早期的机会。目前经过国家发改委批准的煤化工企业排放的高浓度CO2总量已达亿吨规模,如果这些企业能够实现CO2封存,对于中国减少温室气体排放将具有重要意义。中国的沉积盆地拥有适合CO2地质封存的储盖层组合,其中有些油田适合利用CO2驱油来提高石油采收率(EOR),高浓度CO2排放源靠近封存场地将有效减少运输成本和工程操作的复杂性。高浓度CO2气源与EOR或深部咸水层封存的耦合将给中国提供在全球率先实现碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)的机会。

Coal chemical industry and geological storage of carbon dioxide in China

Deep geological storage of CO2 can provide an essential solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the continuous use of fossil fuels. However,the cost and energy consumption of CO2 capture is high at present. About 60% of carbon capture and storage（ CCS）cost is for the carbon capture which causes a bottleneck in advancement of CCS in China. High levels of CO2 from coal chemical plants provides sufficient CO2 for full-chain CCS implementation. The total amount of high concentration CO2 that will be emitted（ or is being emitted） by the coal chemical factories approved by the National Development and Reform Commission is up to hundred million tones per year.If all projects could store CO2 underground,it would be of great significance for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Basins located in North China are characterized by several sets of reservoir-caprock strata which is suitable for CO2 storage. Some oil fields are potentially suitable for CO2 enhanced oil recovery（ EOR）. The short distance between the high concentration CO2 sources and potential storage sites reduce transportation cost and operational. So high purity sources coupled with EOR or aquifer storage offer China the opportunity to accomplish beneficial CCUS globally.