光纤光栅声光调制特性分析

高频超声波在紫外写入的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)上传播，产生的长周期超声光栅调制光纤光栅，形成光纤超声超结构光栅。利用模式耦合理论，分析了光纤超声超结构光栅的光谱特性，得出光纤超声超结构光栅的反射谱存在多个反射峰，其反射峰的波长间隔由超声波的频率决定。因此，可以通过改变超声波的频率，调节一阶反射谱的反射波长，从而实现宽调谐范围的快速波长可调滤波器。该滤波器与通常的声光可调滤波器相比，带宽更窄，调谐速度更快。     

两类典型光纤型SPR传感器的理论模型比较

针对基于SPR效应的两类典型光纤型传感器:传统型包层腐蚀的镀金属多模光纤传感器、新型镀金属单模光纤光栅传感器,指出其不同的SPR模型处理方法及传感特性。首先,根据传统型SPR光纤传感器的结构特点,利用平板SPR理论给出反射谱特性,同时指出并证明薄膜光学理论在平板SPR结构中与平板SPR理论的等价性。其次,针对新型SPR光纤光栅传感器结构特点,依据模式耦合思想,结合SPW模式特征,提出了光纤光栅SPR结构的理论处理方法,得到了镀金膜三包层LPFG结构的透射谱。最后,对基于SPR效应的两类典型光纤型传感器的传感特性进行了比较分析,结果表明,两类传感器对环境折射率均具有较高的分辨率,但新型光纤光栅SPR传感器的分辨率高出传统SPR光纤传感器3个数量级。     

超声脉冲导入光纤光栅的动态光谱特性研究

提出超声以矩形脉冲波的形式轴向导入光纤光栅,分析超声脉冲作用于光纤光栅的机理;在此基础上,设计超声脉冲发生电路以及超声换能器,用高电压脉冲驱动堆栈式压电陶瓷产生沿光纤轴向的压缩脉冲,并通过符合声阻抗匹配的铝锥结构将脉冲幅值放大,高效地耦合进光纤光栅;采用CCD成像法高速采集光纤光栅在时域上的动态反射光谱,分析其时域上的光谱变化规律。结果表明:超声脉冲波长远大于光纤光栅长度时,超声脉冲导入的光纤光栅可有效搬移光谱,在脉冲作用时刻中心波长发生漂移。为超声脉冲与波分复用解调技术相结合提供参考。     

双偏振微结构光纤光栅的折射率传感特性分析

研究了微结构光纤(MOF)布拉格光栅(FBG)的双偏振折射率传感特性。利用有限元方法对保偏微结构光纤(PM-MOF)的传输特性进行了分析,计算了传输特性曲线,分析了该种光纤单模传输的范围。同时结合耦合模理论,仿真了该种光纤均匀布拉格光栅在充入不同介质时的反射谱,得到两个偏振模LP0x1和LP0y1的中心波长差与介质折射率的关系曲线,通过特性曲线拟合出相应公式。同时,仿真了该光纤光栅的温度特性,研究结果表明,两个偏振模中心波长对温度响应相似,因此利用双偏振差分的方式来探测,具有较强的抗干扰能力,这一特性为光纤生物传感器的应用提供了理论依据。     

光纤光栅振动传感信号解调技术的研究

研究了一种基于掺Er超荧光光源(EDSFS)的滤波解调方法,分析了光源的输出功率谱形状。利用光谱中光功率密度与波长的线性关系,实现了光纤光栅传感信号的动态解调。建立振动测试系统,采用高精度差分变压器式位移传感器作为参考,对比讨论了两种传感器输出的时域波形和频谱。结果表明,在相同的条件下,二者的动态响应特性具有很好的一致性。由于系统的光源和解调部分合为一体,无机械调谐元件,很适合高速动态测量。     

Research on the characteristics of a twisted high birefringence fiber grating

In recent years ,the demand of the project survey grewincreasingly,sothetorsionsensor has obtainedextensiveattention.But the related studies about optical fiber tor-sionsensor are veryfewinthe domestic andforeign[1-3].Inthe traditional torsion sensor we p…     

基于重叠光栅和啁啾光栅的双波长光纤激光器

研究光寻址电位传感器(LAPS)的器件噪声特性 。通过对LAPS半导体场效应器件的结构分析,建 立LAPS的理论模型,并进一步分析LAPS器件噪声信号的来源、种类及特性。以 pH缓冲液中H离子 浓度为检测对象,搭建基于NI采集卡和Labview环境的LAPS测试系统,对影响LAPS信号噪声 特性的光源 波长、光源调制频率、光源强度和Si衬底厚度等因素进行了仿真和实验研究。结果表明,增 大光源波长和光源强度 是提高输出信号幅值和信噪比(SNR)的最有效方法。     

Periodical corrugated structure for forming sampled fiber Bragggrating and long-period fiber grating with tunable couplingstrength

A novel corrugated structure on an optical fiber is proposed and demonstrated to produce tunable long-period index modulation based on photoelastic effect. The corrugated structure is a periodic variation made by chemical etching on the cladding radius of an optical fiber. By imposing this corrugated structure upon a built-in fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a superstructure grating with tunable reflectance is formed. In addition, couplings between the fundamental core mode and cladding modes take place under such a corrugated structure when the phase-matching condition is satisfied. Thus, the device can also act effectively as a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with tunable coupling strength. We also develop the coupled-mode theory based on Fourier series expansion to describe such a corrugated sampled Bragg grating. The phase-matching condition for various sampling orders can be derived, and the calculated spectra are compared with those based on the fundamental matrix method. Optical measurements demonstrate some unique characteristics of these devices, and good qualitative agreements between simulation and measurement verify the viewpoint that long periodic index modulation is indeed induced by such a corrugated structure through the photoelastic effect when a tensile force is applied     

Switchable dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser with a tilted fiber grating

Multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs) have attracted considerable interests in recent years for their po- tential applications in Wavelength-division-multiplexed fi- ber communication system, fiber sensing, optical instrumentation, and microwa…     

光纤光栅在高功率连续光纤激光器中的发展及展望

目前光纤光栅在高功率连续光纤激光器中的应用主要有两个方面,一是作为谐振腔腔镜,二是用来抑制激光器的非线性效应。首先论述了光纤光栅作为腔镜技术的发展现状,然后着重论述了能够抑制光纤激光器中非线性效应的特殊光纤光栅的发展状况。并详细描述了倾斜布拉格光纤光栅抑制受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射、长周期光纤光栅抑制受激拉曼散射以及相移长周期光纤光栅抑制自相位调制或四波混频等非线性效应引起的光谱展宽的研究进展。最后展望了光纤光栅在高功率光纤激光器领域的发展趋势,认为光纤光栅将朝着更高承载功率与长波长方向发展,同时认为基于飞秒激光刻写的光纤光栅技术、能够同时抑制多种非线性效应的光纤光栅技术、以及基于光纤光栅的光纤激光器激光偏振控制技术等将成为新的研究热点。     

Corrugated long-period fiber gratings as strain, torsion, andbending sensors

We present a novel corrugated long-period fiber grating whose transmission spectra are highly sensitive to the applied tensile strain, torsion, and bending due to the periodical index modulation created and changed by these mechanic forces. The induced index modulation can also be experimentally characterized by using a built-in fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The long period fiber gratings possess the following unique properties when used as sensors. As a tensile strain sensor, its resonance loss varies but resonance wavelength remains stable. As a torsion sensor, the wavelength varies with the applied twist rate. As a bending sensor, the cladding-mode resonance grows with the bending curvature     

Step-changed long-period fiber gratings

The spectral characteristics of a new type of long-period grating (LPG) structure, step-changed LPG, are investigated theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the spectral profile of such gratings can be tailored by adjusting the step parameters. A good agreement between simulated results and measured spectra is obtained. This type of LPG has potential applications in gain flattening of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers     

Novel measurement scheme of peak separation of side-hole fiber grating

Theside holefiberisanewkindofpolarizationmain tainingfiberwithastrangestructure[1].Becauseofthe existenceoftheintrinsicbirefringence[2],therearetwo peaksofdifferentpolarizationsinthereflectionspectrumoftheside holefibergrating,whichisproducedbywrit inggra…     

基于光纤Bragg光栅的Fabry-Perot滤波器特性的分析

在分析光纤Bragg光栅Fabry-Perot(F-P)腔特征的基础上,提出了光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器的数学模型.利用传输矩阵法对光纤Bragg光栅F-P腔进行了理论分析.通过Matlab仿真工具数值模拟光纤Bragg光栅F-P滤波器的光谱,并对其特性进行了详细分析,得出了决定滤波器传输特性的相关参量及其影响规律.根据光纤Bragg光栅F-P腔的相位谐振条件,推导了光纤光栅F-P腔的腔长与光纤Bragg光栅常数之间的关系,从而为研制基于光纤Bragg光栅的F-P滤波器提供了依据.     

一种快速光纤光栅匹配解调系统的研究

利用一种新型快速光纤光栅匹配解调方法实现了光纤光栅传感信号的高精度大范围快速解调。通过对两组并联匹配光纤光栅的组合扫描,加快了信号的解调速度,解决了双值问题,减弱了光纤光栅啁啾效应的不良影响。以数字信号处理器驱动并解调匹配光纤光栅,解调后信号由上位机进一步处理和显示,使得系统性能得到提升和优化。实验结果与理论分析取得良好的一致性。     

在光纤拼接处刻写长周期光纤光栅及其传感应用

在"单模光纤-细芯光纤"拼接处刻写了Type II型长周期光纤光栅,构成一种高温光纤传感器。该传感器实际由2段不同的长周期光纤光栅级联构成,在第二个光栅形成了Mach-Zehnder干涉,因此,传感器透射谱由长周期光纤光栅与Mach-Zehnder干涉仪共同作用形成。利用传感器的透射谱与环境温度的线性变化关系,进行环境温度测量。实验中选取传感器透射谱的2个谐振峰波谷dip 1和dip 2来测量外部温度变化。实验结果表明:在300℃~800℃高温测量范围中,波谷dip 1处温度灵敏度为103.4 pm/℃,波谷dip 2处温度灵敏度为121.8 pm/℃,测量最高温度可达到800℃。该传感器制作简单易重复、灵敏度高、线性度好、成本低,在高温传感领域有一定的应用价值。     

长周期光纤光栅温度传感器应变交叉敏感的研究

长周期光纤光栅是透射谱光栅,纤芯基模与同向各阶包层模发生耦合,谐振波长和幅值对外界环境的变化非常敏感,比传统布拉格光纤光栅具有更好的温度、应力、弯曲、扭曲、横向载荷、折射率等的传感特性.由于长周期光纤光栅对两个或者多个参量都是敏感的,当光纤光栅用于传感测量时,很难分辨出各个参量分别引起的被测量的变化,交叉敏感问题比布拉格光纤光栅严重的多.交叉敏感是光纤光栅传感中的关键问题.分析了目前较为典型的解决策略和方案,在此基础上提出了联系的思想和解决方案,提出并实验验证了一种解决长周期光纤光栅温度传感测量中应力与温度的交叉敏感问题.充分利用了LPFG温度与应变交叉敏感的现象,利用联系的思想,将应变对温度的负面干扰转变为正面的增敏.     

Optical fiber sensor by cascading long period fiber grating with FBG for double parameters measurement

An optical fiber sensor for strain and temperature measurement based on long period fiber grating (LPFG) cascaded with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) structure has been proposed and realized both theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical analysis shows that two microstructures with similar sensitivities cannot be used for double parameters measurement. The LPFG is micromachined by the CO2 laser, and the FBG is micromachined by the excimer laser. For the validation and comparison, two FBGs and one LPFG are cascaded with three transmission valleys, namely FBG1 valley at 1 536.3 nm, LPFG valley at 1 551.2 nm, and FBG2 valley at 1 577.3 nm. The temperature and strain characteristics of the proposed sensor are measured at 45—70 °C and 250—500 με, respectively. The sensitivity matrix is determined by analyzing wavelength shifts and parameter response characterization of three different dips. The proposed optical fiber sensor based on LPFG cascaded with FBG structure can be efficiently used for double parameters measurement with promising application prospect and great research reference value.     

Characteristics of cladding index modulated fiber gratings for ambient refractive index sensing

Characteristics of cladding index modulated fiber gratings for ambient refractive index sensing is studied in this paper. The modes propagation properties and coupling properties in cladding index modulated FBG are studied based on the classical coupling mode theory while considering interactions among multiple modes and developed on a three-layer step-index fiber geometry. Evolution of cladding mode resonance spectra of cladding index modulated FBG with the decreasing of fiber diameter is simulated and compared with the core grating. Sensing characteristics of cladding modes resonance of cladding index modulated FBG to the variation of ambient refractive index is detailed and emphasized for cladding modes resonances has a much narrower bandwidth. Results show that cladding index modulated fiber grating has better spectrum for ambient refractive index sensing applications under the same sensitivity with core index modulated fiber grating and may be applied to many field including biochemical sensing and environmental monitoring.     

Study on Refraction Index Sensors Using Fiber Grating F-P Cavity

In this paper, the reflective spectra of a refraction index sensor were analyzed based on fiber grating F-P cavity. The sensor was constituted by two identical fiber gratings. Compared with the refraction index sensor using one fiber grating, the fiber grating F-P cavity sensor has narrower resonant peak and it can be used for more accurate measurement. The resonant peaks in the reflective spectra of the sensor are changed with small changes of the refraction index of the measured chemical liquids or cell samples. So it has potential applications in biology and chemistry.