基于多尺度变换的直觉模糊推理图像融合算法

提出了基于多尺度变换的直觉模糊推理医学图像融合方法,针对4种多尺度变换对图像融合的影响进行了分析。文中融合算法是利用4种多尺度变换对待融合图像进行分解,并对得到的低频分量和高频分量采用直觉模糊推理融合规则进行处理,最后将融合后的低频分量和高频分量经逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明本文算法优于传统的模糊推理图像融合算法,并且在变换域中,Contourlet变换下的融合结果要优于其它3种变换。     

基于NSCT的红外偏振与光强图像的融合研究

针对融合规则的选择,提出了一种基于非采样Contourlet变换的红外偏振与光强的融合方法。该算法采用NSCT对源图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,然后对低频子带系数和高频子带系数分别采用局部能量和区域目标特征的选择,最终通过逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明：与加权融合和绝对值取大的融合规则相比,局部标准偏差、局部粗糙度、对比度、分别提高3.42%、12.7%、9.67%。     

基于NSCT域的动态WNMF图像融合算法的研究

在红外线与可见光图像的融合过程中，经常会出现融合图像细节方面缺失的情况。为了解决这一问题，采用了改进的非下采样轮廓波变换（NSCT）图像融合算法，融入动态的加权非负矩阵分解规则（WNMF），对图像进行融合处理。结果表明，利用非下采样轮廓波变换算法对两幅源图像进行多尺度多方向的分解，可得到低频与高频部分；动态的WNMF融合规则作为低频部分的融合规则；高频部分中最高层的分解尺度采用绝对值取大的方法；高频部分其它各层则设定匹配度阈值；低于阈值时，使用基于区域能量匹配度的区域方差选大的方法；如果高于阈值时，采用加权平均的方法进行；通过对低频部分与高频部分的处理，用NSCT逆变换方式获得了融合图像。该方法有效提高了融合图像清晰度，凸显了其细节信息，缩短了所需的计算时间。     

基于Curvelet变换的自适应多传感器图像融合

提出了基于Curvelet变换的自适应多传感图像融合新算法。算法将全色图像和多光谱图像进行Curvelet变换分解后,针对不同的频率域特点选择不同的融合规则。对低频系数选取区域能量的加权系数自适应融合规则,对高频系数选用了区域特征自适应的融合规则。最后通过重构得到融合图像。将该算法和其他的融合算法进行对比,结果表明,该算法是一种有效可行的图像融合算法。     

基于变换域多合成规则的双色中波红外图像融合

为了综合多个合成规则的优点,取得更好的双色中波红外图像融合效果,提出了基于变换域多合成规则的融合方法.采用支持度变换分别获得两个中波细分波段图像的低频成分图像和支持度图像序列;根据像素值最大法、区域特征最大法、区域特征加权法等合成规则的特点,提出了低频成分图像三个合成规则的组合方法;根据支持度图像的能量最大法、区域特征加权法等合成规则的特点,提出了支持度图像序列两个合成规则的组合方法.与单一合成规则的方法相比,融合后的图像局部标准偏差、局部粗糙度和融合质量参数分别提高了6.77%、4.86%和9.59%,实验结果证明了该融合方法的有效性.     

基于contourlet变换和模糊理论的图像融合算法

提出一种基于Contourlet变换和模糊理论的红外与可见光图像融合算法。首先,对源图像进行Contourlet变换;随后对低频和高频的小波系数采用不同的融合规则,即低频部分采用基于模糊集的自适应加权融合方法,高频部分采用基于区域小波能量加权的方法;最后再通过contourlet逆变换,获得融合图像。实验结果表明该算法能够较好地保留源图像的细节信息,具有较好的视觉效果,是一种有效实用的方法。     

基于压缩感知的多聚焦图像融合方法

随着压缩感知技术的发展,基于压缩感知的图像融合技术研究受到越来越多的重视。针对图像傅里叶变换系数特点,提出了一种双星采样模式下基于高低频重要性度量的压缩传感域图像融合算法。该算法首先通过双星采样模式获得测量值,然后计算高低频区域对应的重要性度量作为融合算子,并对测量进行加权融合,最后通过求解最小全变分优化问题重构融合图像。主客观实验结果表明,该算法优于其他基于傅里叶的方案。     

基于二代curvelet与wavelet变换的自适应图像融合

针对同一场景红外图像与可见光图像的融合问题,提出了一种基于二代curvelet与wavelet变换的自适应图像融合算法。首先对源图像进行快速离散curvelet变换,得到不同尺度与方向下的粗尺度系数和细尺度系数;根据红外图像与可见光图像的不同物理特性以及人类视觉系统特性,对不同尺度与方向下的粗尺度系数和细尺度系数采用基于离散小波变换的图像融合方法,在小波域中,对低频系数采用基于红外图像与可见光图像的不同物理特性的自适应融合规则,对高频系数采用基于邻域方向对比度与局部区域匹配度相结合的自适应融合规则,然后进行小波逆变换得到融合的curvelet系数;最后,进行快速离散curvelet逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,该方法能够更加有效、准确地提取图像中的特征,是一种有效可行的图像融合算法。     

NSST域模糊逻辑的红外与可见光图像融合

为了在红外与可见光图像融合时保留各自更多的细节信息,同时降低算法复杂度,采用了非下采样剪切波变换（NSST）和改进模糊逻辑的红外与可见光图像融合方法,利用NSST算法对红外图像和可见光图像分别进行多尺度、多方向稀疏分解,分别得到低频子带系数和高频子带系数。然后对低频子带系数采用基于改进的模糊柯西隶属函数的权值平均融合规则;对高频子带系数采用能量匹配度和视觉敏感度系数相结合的融合规则。最后对低频子带融合系数和高频子带融合系数执行NSST逆变换得到最终的融合图像,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。结果表明,此融合方法不仅可以保证融合清晰度,对缩短算法的运行时间也是有帮助的。     

一种多传感器图像融合与数字水印技术

在小波包域提出了一种多传感器图像融合和双水印算法。首先,利用HIS变换和小波包变换将多光谱和全色图像分解为多个高低频子带,根据小波包域系数特点,低频部分采用基于区域平均能量加权算法的规则进行融合,高频部分采用绝对值取大的规则进行融合。然后,在高低频图像融合系数分别嵌入一个水印,低频水印利用了离散余弦变换的聚能去相关能力,高频水印利用了图像纹理子块特征。最后,对嵌入的双水印融合图像进行攻击和分析。实验结果显示,融合图像在保留多光谱图像光谱信息的基础上有效提高了空间分辨率;加水印的融合图像具有良好的不可视性和鲁棒性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Quantum theory analysis of the action micromechanism exerted on bioparticles from laser microbeams

The effect of laser microbeam trapping the bioparticles has been appfied widely in the biology .However the micromechanism of the acting that realizes the laser-microbeam trapping bioparticles is still lacking. In this paper ,the act microchenism of the gradiant force of laser microbeam for the bioparticles is analysed by means of quantum theory ,The result accords with our experiment.     

Modulation instability of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers

The nonlinear coupled-mode equations are rewritten by even and odd modes. We study modulation instability (MI) of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers when either even or odd mode is launched alone by using zero-dispersion waveleng threlatively long (quasi-cw) pulses. The result shows that there are new types of MI in both the normal-dispersion and the anomalous-dispersion regimes. MI is concerned with forth-order dispersion and has no relation with third-order dispersion.Quasi-cw can be changed into pulses array under certain conditions. We can extract super short pulse from this. Furthermore,the bandwidth of gain spectra widens and its strength accretes as the input power increases.     

The effects of PMD and PDL on the performance of OOK and DPSK systems

Using multiple importance sampling （MIS） technique, the optical communication system performance affected by polarization-mode dispersion （PMD） and polarization-dependent loss （PDL） is simulated numerically. The power penalties and system outage probabilities are obtained for optical communication systems with on-off keying （OOK） or differential phase shift keying （DPSK） modulation. The simulation results show that DPSK always performs better than OOK. When the system has moderate PDL （about 1.5 dB）, it is necessary to compensate effectively the fiber PMD in order to enhance the system tolerance to the PMD and PDL. However, the efficiency of PMD compensation will degrade rapidly when the PMD of the whole optical link drops into the low value.     

Shape measurement by carrier modulation in electronic speckle pattern interferometry

A shape measurement based on ESPI by using carrier is presented. When the tested object is tilted with a small angle, the carrier pattern containing altitude information is formed on the object surface. By using the carrier pattern captured by a CCD camera, the phase of the object can be derived by Fourier transform and the shape measurement is realized. The principle of the method is introduced and proved by an experiment.     

Least squares decoding in binomial frequency division multiplexing

This paper proposes a method that can reduce the complexity of a system matrix by analyzing the characteristics of a pseudoinverse matrix to receive a binomial frequency division multiplexing (BFDM) signal and decode it using the least squares (LS) method. The system matrix of BFDM can be expressed as a band matrix, and as this matrix contains many zeros, its amount of calculation when generating a transmission signal is quite small. The LS solution can be obtained by multiplying the received signal by the pseudoinverse matrix of the system matrix. The singular value decomposition of the system matrix indicates that the pseudoinverse matrix is a band matrix. The signal-to-interference ratio is obtained from their eigenvalues. Meanwhile, entries that do not contribute to signal generation are erased to enhance calculation efficiency. We decode the received signal using the pseudoinverse matrix and the removed pseudoinverse matrix to obtain the bit error rate performance and to analyze the difference.     

极化码序列连续删除译码算法的改进设计

极化码连续删除译码算法性能和传统的LDPC码存在一定差距。序列连续删除算法(SCL)的提出极大地改善译码性能,是极化码推向实际应用中的重要一步。但是该算法复杂度较高,延迟大。改进的序列连续删除(SCL)译码算法是基于改善极化码码长受限的情况,文中描述SCL算法是通过码树上的搜索序列路径来表示译码过程。改进的算法通过减少译码算法在码树上的序列路径来降低时间和空间复杂度。通过仿真表明,改进的算法有效地降低了译码的复杂度同时在性能上也接近最大似然(ML)译码算法。     

HfO2 Gate Dielectrics for Future Generation of CMOS Device Application

Introduction High- k gate dielectrics have been extensivelystudied as alternates to conventional gate oxide( Si O2 ) due to the aggressive downscaling of Si O2thickness in CMOS devices,and hence the exces-sive gate leakage.Hf O2 has emerged as one...