一种电荷泵锁相环频率合成器的设计

基于SMIC的0.25μm工艺设计了一种输出频率范围为0.32～1.6GHz的电荷泵锁相环频率合成器电路.该电路采用了一种快速鉴频鉴相器和含有双交叉耦合结构的环形振荡器,同时根据电荷泵泵电流匹配的原则改进了电荷泵电路.HSIM仿真显示,锁相环频率合成器的锁定时间为1.3μz,功耗为28mW,锁定范围为5～20MHz,最大周对周抖动仅为50ps(0.8GHz).     

一款低抖动宽调节范围锁相环频率合成器的设计

提出了一种基于SMIC公司0.18μm工艺、输出频率范围为1 GHz～3 GHz的低抖动电荷泵锁相环频率合成器设计方法.该设计方法采用一种新型自动调节复位脉冲的鉴频鉴相器结构,可以根据压控振荡器反馈频率自动调节不同的脉冲宽度,用以适应不同的输出时钟.仿真结果显示该器件能够有效降低锁相环频率合成器的抖动,其最大峰-峰值抖动为20.337 ps,锁定时间为0.8μs,功耗为19.8 mW.     

一种自适应可重构宽带低抖动锁相环时钟

为满足不同速率的串行收发数据采样需求,基于可重构电荷泵阵列设计了一种低抖动宽带锁相环时钟。根据锁相环倍频系数,自适应匹配电荷泵阵列输出电流,实现了较宽频率变换的低抖动输出时钟。锁相环时钟采用40 nm CMOS工艺设计,面积为367.227*569.344μm²。测试结果表明,锁相环调谐范围为1～4 GHz,输出时钟均方根抖动为3.01 ps@1.25 GHz和3.98 ps@4 GHz,峰峰值抖动小于0.1UI。     

一种低抖动、宽调节范围的带宽自适应CMOS锁相环

提出了一种低抖动、宽调节范围的带宽自适应CMOS锁相环.由于环路带宽可根据输入频率进行自动调节,电路性能可在整个工作频率范围内得到优化.为了进一步提高电路的抖动特性,在电荷泵电路中采用匹配技术,并在压控振荡器中应用电压-电压转换电路以减小压控振荡器的增益.芯片采用SMIC 0.35μm CMOS工艺加工.测试结果表明该锁相环电路可在200MHz～1.1GHz的输出频率范围内保持良好的抖动性能.     

一种电流失配自适应补偿宽带锁相环设计

针对宽带自偏置锁相环(PLL)中存在严重的电荷泵电流失配问题,提出了一种电流失配自适应补偿自偏置锁相环。锁相环通过放大并提取参考时钟与反馈时钟的锁定相位误差脉冲,利用误差脉冲作为误差判决电路的控制时钟,通过逐次逼近方法自适应控制补偿电流的大小,逐渐减小鉴相误差,从而减小了锁相环输出时钟信号抖动。锁相环基于40 nm CMOS工艺进行设计,后仿真结果表明,当输出时钟频率为5 GHz时,电荷泵输出噪声从-115.7 dBc/Hz@1 MHz降低至-117.7 dBc/Hz@1 MHz,均方根抖动从4.6 ps降低至1.6 ps,峰峰值抖动从10.3 ps降低至4.7 ps。锁相环输出时钟频率为2～5 GHz时,补偿电路具有良好的补偿效果。     

一种低抖动、宽调节范围的带宽自适应CMOS锁相环

提出了一种低抖动、宽调节范围的带宽自适应CMOS锁相环.由于环路带宽可根据输入频率进行自动调节,电路性能可在整个工作频率范围内得到优化.为了进一步提高电路的抖动特性,在电荷泵电路中采用匹配技术,并在压控振荡器中应用电压-电压转换电路以减小压控振荡器的增益.芯片采用SMIC 0.35μm CMOS工艺加工.测试结果表明该锁相环电路可在200MHz～1.1GHz的输出频率范围内保持良好的抖动性能.     

2.125～3.125GHz高速CMOS锁相环电路设计

针对数模混合结构的电荷泵锁相环电路,建立了系统的数学模型,确定了电荷泵锁相环的系统参数,提出一种能够有效消除时钟馈通、电荷注入等非理想特性影响,并具有良好电流匹配特性的电荷泵电路,以及一种中心频率可调的压控振荡器电路。电路采用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺模型,使用Spectre进行仿真。结果显示,整个锁相环系统的功耗约为40 mW,输出时钟信号峰-峰值抖动为21 ps@2.5 GHz,单边带相位噪声在5 MHz频偏处为-105 dBc/Hz。     

一种高性能宽范围锁相环的设计与实现

采用CMOS工艺技术,设计了一款基于双环路滤波器的高性能、宽范围锁相环。该锁相环电路包括可调延迟的鉴频鉴相器、电荷泵、双环路有源滤波器、多频带的压控振荡器和可编程分频器模块。与无源滤波器结构相比,双环滤波的结构将滤波电容面积减小3/4,该锁相环整体版图面积为405μm×480μm,经过仿真测试,锁相环能够提供的输出频率范围为140MHz～1.5GHz,整体功耗为6.85mW。设计的锁相环其流片测试结果显示：当输出频率为1.5GHz时,均方根抖动为8.92ps;当中心频率为820MHz时,均方根抖动为6.01ps,测试结果表明设计的这款锁相环输出频率能够满足使用需求。     

一种低抖动电荷泵锁相环的设计

采用动态鉴频鉴相器、基于常数跨导轨到轨运算放大器的电荷泵、差分型环形压控振荡器,设计了一种低抖动的电荷泵锁相环。基于SMIC 0.18-μm CMOS工艺,利用Cadence软件完成了电路的设计与仿真。结果表明,动态的鉴频鉴相器,有效消除了死区。新型的电荷泵结构,在输出电压为0.5 V~1.5 V时将电流失配减小到了2%以下。压控振荡器在频率为1 MHz时输出的相位噪声为-94.87 dB在1 MHz,调谐范围为0.8 GHz~1.8 GHz。锁相环锁定后输出电压波动为2.45 mV,输出时钟的峰峰值抖动为12.5 ps。     

一种自适应带宽低抖动PLL设计

设计了一种宽调节范围自适应带宽的低抖动锁相环倍频器(PLL)。通过采用自偏置技术,使得电荷泵电流和运算放大器的输出阻抗随工作频率成比例变化,从而使阻尼因子保持固定、环路带宽跟随输入参考频率自动调整,以及PLL在整个输出频率范围内保持最佳的抖动性能。电路采用SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺进行设计,后仿真验证表明,该PLL电路能够在0.35~2.1 GHz的输出频率范围内输出良好的低抖动信号,输出频率为2.1 GHz时,均方根抖动为2.47 ps。     

A 250-MHz-2-GHz wide-range delay-locked loop

This paper describes a wide-range delay-locked loop (DLL) for a synchronous clocking which supports dynamic frequency scaling and dynamic voltage scaling. The DLL has wide operating range by using multiple phases from its delay line. A phase detector (PD) which combines linear and binary characteristics achieves low jitter and fast locking speed. A pulse reshaper makes output pulses of the phase detector have variable pulsewidth and variable voltage level to mitigate the static phase error due to the inherent mismatch of the charge pump. The DLL operates in the range from 250 MHz to 2 GHz. At 1 GHz operating frequency, RMS jitter and peak-to-peak jitter are 1.57 ps and 10.7 ps, respectively.     

A High Linearity, Fast-Locking Pulsewidth Control Loop With Digitally Programmable Duty Cycle Correction for Wide Range Operation

A high linearity pulsewidth control loop (PWCL) is proposed in this paper. Using the linear control stage (CS) and digital-controlled charge pump (DCCP), the proposed PWCL can be operated within a wide-range of both input and output duty cycles over a wide frequency range. A simple detection circuit is utilized to control the DCCP in a complementary architecture such that the proposed PWCL can reduce the locking time ratio to 4.5. The test chip is fabricated using 0.18 mum CMOS process. The measurement results show that the frequency range of the input signal was 1 MHz to 1.3 GHz, the duty cycle range of the input signal is from 30% to 70% and the programmable duty cycle of the output signal is from 30% to 70% in steps of 5%. The measurement power dissipation and the peak-to-peak jitter are 4.8 mW and 13.2 ps, respectively, at an operating frequency of 1.3 GHz.     

A synthesizable pseudo fractional-N clock generator with improved duty cycle output

A proposed synthesizable pseudo fractional-N clock generator with improved duty cycle output is presented by the pseudo fractional-N frequency synthesizer unit for SoC chips and the dynamic frequency scaling applications. The different clock frequencies can be generated by following the design flowchart. It has been fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS technology and work with a supply voltage of 1.2 V. According to measured results, the frequency range of the proposed synthesizable pseudo fractional-N clock generator is from 12.5 MHz to 1 GHz and the peak-to-peak jitter is less than 5% of the output period. Duty cycle error rate of the output clock frequency is 1.5% and the measured power dissipation of the pseudo fractional-N frequency synthesizer unit is 146 μW at 304 MHz.     

用于卫星电视调谐器的整数频率综合器设计

设计了一个用于模拟卫星电视调谐器的整数频率综合器.锁相环本振输出频率范围覆盖1.25GHz到2.8GHz,参考频率可配置为62.5kHz或31.25kHz.环路滤波器采用三阶有源滤波器,环路带宽为1kHz.电荷泵输出电流可配置为50μA或250μA.压控振荡器(VCO)采用差分反馈型结构,在偏离中心频率10kHz处的相位噪声小于-76dBc/Hz.分频器采用脉冲吞咽型结构,有15位控制位.P计数器从输入到输出只经过两个触发器和一个逻辑门,能有效减少由多级异步分频器产生的相位噪声.电荷泵充放电电流的不匹配会恶化参考杂散,这里引入了对电流过冲不匹配的考虑,在鉴频鉴相器(PFD)和电荷泵中加入了减少充放电电流过冲的措施.电路采用0.18μm RFCMOS工艺实现,面积1.3mm*1.5mm.     

基于DLL的1.25G超宽带通信系统时钟生成电路

设计并实现了一个基于延时锁定环(DLL)、用于超宽带(UWB)无线通信系统的1.25GHz时钟生成电路。该时钟生成电路由两个DLL和一个自调谐LC滤波电路组成,输入125MHz的参考时钟,输出1.25GHz的差分时钟和间隔100ps的16相时钟。通过优化电荷泵电路有效地减小了静态相位误差,新式自调谐LC滤波电路的应用消除了工艺偏差对谐振的影响。在1.8V电源电压,SMIC0.18μmCMOS工艺下,该时钟生成电路在各种工作条件下均表现出良好的性能,在标准情况下静态相位误差仅为9ps,最大时钟抖动为10ps。当电感存在30%的工艺偏差时,滤波电路的谐振频率能够自动维持在1.25GHz上。     

一种快速捕获、带宽可调的锁相环电路

设计实现了一个快速捕获,带宽可调的电荷泵型锁相环电路。采用了一种利用状态机拓展鉴频鉴相器检测范围的方法,加快了环路的锁定;通过SPI总线实现电荷泵电流配置和调整VCO延时单元的延迟时间,优化了电路性能。芯片采用中芯国际0.18μmCMOS工艺,测试结果表明,锁相环锁定在100MHz时的抖动均方值为24ps,偏离中心频率1MHz处的相位噪声为-98.62dBc/Hz。     

一种UHF频段小数分频频率综合器设计与实现

基于130 nm CMOS工艺设计了一款特高频(UHF)频段的锁相环型小数分频频率综合器.电感电容式压控振荡器(LC VCO)片外调谐电感总值为2 nH时,其输出频率范围为1.06～1.24 GHz,调节调谐电感拓宽了频率输出范围,并利用开关电容阵列减小了压控振荡器的增益.使用电荷泵补偿电流优化了频率综合器的线性度与带内相位噪声.此外对电荷泵进行适当改进,确保了环路的稳定.测试结果表明,通过调节电荷泵补偿电流,频率综合器的带内相位噪声可优化3 dB以上,中心频率为1.12 GHz时,在1 kHz频偏处的带内相位噪声和1 MHz频偏处的带外相位噪声分别为-92.3和-120.9 dBc/Hz.最小频率分辨率为3 Hz,功耗为19.2 mW.     

Design and noise analysis of a fully-differential charge pump for phase-locked loops

A fully-differential charge pump (FDCP) with perfect current matching and low output current noise is realized for phase-locked loops (PLLs). An easily stable common-mode feedback (CMFB) circuit which can handle high input voltage swing is proposed. Current mismatch and current noise contribution from the CMFB circuit is minimized. In order to optimize PLL phase noise, the output current noise of the FDCP is analyzed in detail and calculated with the sampling principle. The calculation result agrees well with the simulation. Based on the noise analysis, many methods to lower output current noise of the FDCP are discussed. The fully-differential charge pump is integrated into a 1-2 GHz frequency synthesizer and fabricated in an SMIC CMOS 0.18 μm process. The measured output reference spur is -64 dBc to -69 dBc. The in-band and out-band phase noise is -95 dBc/Hz at 3 kHz frequency offset and -123 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz frequency offset respectively.     

A low jitter, low spur multiphase phase-locked loop for an IR-UWB receiver

A low jitter,low spur multiphase phase-locked loop(PLL) for an impulse radio ultra-wideband(IR-UWB) receiver is presented.The PLL is based on a ring oscillator in order to simultaneously meet the jitter requirement, low power consumption and multiphase clock output.In this design,a noise and matching improved voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO) is devised to enhance the timing accuracy and phase noise performance of multiphase clocks.By good matching achieved in the charge pump and careful choice of the l...