基于最大Gabor相似度的多光谱人脸识别系统

以精准识别不同特征维数以及噪声情况下的多光谱人脸为目标,设计基于最大Gabor相似度的多光谱人脸识别系统。原始可见光光谱图像以及热红外光谱图像分别输入系统的可见光光谱图像处理模块以及热红外光谱图像处理模块,图像处理模块分别提取原始可见光光谱图像以及热红外光谱图像特征并建立特征集,多光谱图像融合模块基于特征集内特征利用双匹配度图像策略融合多光谱图像,利用融合后图像建立人脸数据库,将待识别人脸图像输入人脸识别模块,人脸识别模块利用人脸数据库通过最大Gabor相似度的人脸识别方法识别人脸,并输出识别结果。系统测试结果表明,不同特征维数图像以及加入椒盐噪声情况下,系统均具有较高的识别准确率。     

基于小波PCA与BP神经网络的人脸识别算法

特征提取和分类器设计是人脸识别算法中的两个关键问题。提出一种基于二次小波变换、PCA算法与BP神经网络的人脸识别算法。该算法采用二次小波变换与PCA相结合的算法提取人脸图像的主要特征,并运用加入动量项的改进BP神经网络算法进行人脸图像分类识别。在MATLAB环境下,利用ORL人脸图像数据库进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,该算法实现简单、识别速度快、识别率较高。     

基于概率神经网络的近红外人脸朝向识别方法

近红外人脸图像受到光照干扰的影响，导致近红外图像噪声较大且清晰度较低，人脸朝向识别难度较大，为此提出基于概率神经网络的近红外人脸朝向识别方法。首先结合多级小波分解和样条插值法对光照干扰下的近红外人脸图像加以补偿，然后通过二维主元分析法提取图像特征向量，再建立概率神经网络并利用模拟退火粒子群算法优化网络平滑因子，最后将待识别近红外人脸图像输入至训练后神经网络之中，实现人脸朝向识别。实验结果表明，所提方法的近红外人脸图像预处理效果更好，人脸朝向识别pitch角、yam角和roll角误差值容许范围分别为97%、97%、92%,MAE、STD和RMSE分别为3.49、3.45、5.00,均优于文献对比方法，人脸朝向识别精度较高。     

基于体绘制思维的人脸识别算法优化研究

传统的人脸识别算法主要解决二维正面图像识别,如果人体姿态发生明显变化,或外界环境发生显著变化,则算法性能大大降低,无法获取准确的识别结果。体绘制算法针对三维数据场进行绘制,绘制的图像能够描述人脸的内部细节,可提高人脸识别精度。因此,提出一种基于体绘制思维的人脸识别算法,依据聚类思想对二维人脸库进行聚类,在各分类的基础上,构建人脸相似模型。通过错切变形体制算法,构建人脸体数据,实现人脸体数据坐标系统的转换以及人脸三维图像的合成,从人脸三维图像中采集人脸特征,利用相似性模型对人脸关键特征同数据库已有的特征进行匹配分析,完成人脸身份识别。实验结果说明,所提算法对于不同表情和不同光照条件下的人脸图像,都具有较高的识别率和鲁棒性。     

2DPCA-ICA算法在人脸识别中的应用

传统独立元分析(Independent Component Analysis,ICA)用于人脸识别首先是将人脸图像矩阵转换成向量求白化矩阵,然后利用快速固定点算法求分离矩阵,获得人脸图像独立基子空间,从而实现人脸识别.二维主元分析(Two-dimensional Principle Component Analysis,2DPCA)无须将人脸图像矩阵转换成向量,直接利用二维人脸图像矩阵求协方差矩阵,其特征值与特征向量的计算得到简化.本文结合2DPCA与ICA算法的特点,提出2DPCA-ICA人脸识别算法.该方法通过2DPCA算法计算白化矩阵;接着利用ICA算法获得人脸图像的独立元;然后构造独立基子空间;最后依据测试样本在独立基子空间上的投影特征实现人脸识别.基于ORL与Yale人脸数据库的实验结果表明,2DPCA-ICA算法正确识别率与识别效率均高于PCA-ICA算法与2DPCA算法,是一种有效的人脸识别方法.     

基于离散小波变换和ICA支持向量机的人脸识别

为了实现对具有不同光照、姿势和噪声的人脸进行识别并提高识别精度,设计了一种基于离散小波变换和最小二乘支持向量机的人脸识别方法。首先,采用二维离散小波变换对人脸图像进行压缩和降噪,以提取低频特征信息分量,然后采用快速独立成分分析法ICA对经过离散小波变换后的人脸低频分量进行特征提取,以进一步减少人脸特征向量维数。在获取图像特征向量的基础上,采用径向基函数作为核函数,将训练样本数据输入最小二乘支持向量机进行训练以获得最终的分类模型。在ORL数据库下采用MATLAB仿真工具进行仿真,实验结果表明,该方法能有效地实现对人脸识别,与其他方法相比具有较高的识别精度。     

基于BP神经网络的人脸识别系统研究

本文设计了一种基于BP神经网络的人脸识别系统,并对其进行了性能分析.该系统首先利用离散小波变换获取包含人脸图像大部分原始信息的低频分量,对图像数据进行降维;再由PCA算法对人脸图像进行主成分特征提取,进一步降低图像数据的处理量;最后使用经过训练后的BP神经网络对待测人脸进行分类识别.详细介绍了离散小波变换、PCA特征提取以及BP神经网络分类设计.通过系统仿真实验与分析发现:人脸特征的提取是该系统的关键;同时,由于人脸灰度信息的统计特征与有监督训练BP神经网络分类器,使该系统只在固定类别,并且光照均匀的人脸识别应用场景中具有较高的识别准确率.因此,很难在复杂环境中应用.     

基于奇异值分解和小波神经网络的人脸识别

针对人脸识别在有遮挡、表情变化和光照变化引起的鲁棒性变差问题,以及传统人工神经网络用于人脸识别时存在的维数灾难问题,提出一种分块奇异值分解和小波神经网络结合的人脸识别算法。首先,将人脸图像进行分块,获得图片局部的奇异值,并将其按一定顺序排列得到人脸的特征向量;然后,运用加入动量项的改进小波神经网络进行人脸图像分类识别;最后,在Matlab环境下利用ORL和YALE人脸图像数据库进行仿真实验,并且在GUI图形用户界面上进行验证。实验结果表明,该算法实现简单,识别率高,对光照、遮挡、表情等变化有很好的鲁棒性,具有很大的使用价值。     

基于PCA算法和小波包变换的人脸识别技术

在人脸识别领域,如何提取人脸特征和降低特征维数是关键.提出了一种基于小波包变换和主元分析相结合的人脸识别方法.小波包具有能够保留图像的主体信息又保留不同方向细节信息的优点.算法首先利用小波包变换,把人脸图像分解成不同尺度的低频和高频部分,提取最优基,再采用PCA方法进行人脸的识别.在ORL人脸数据库的仿真结果表明,该算法能有效提高人脸识别性能,具有较高识别率.     

一种2DDCT与压缩感知结合的人脸识别

针对压缩感知(Compressed Sensing,CS)方法需将图像矩阵转化为向量后进行特征提取,导致数据维数很大,计算复杂等缺点,提出二维离散余弦变换(2DDCT)和压缩感知(Compressed Sensing,CS)相结合的人脸识别方法。新方法首先利用2DDCT将图像变换到频域,压缩人脸图像以去掉人眼不敏感的中频分量与高频分量,这样有效降低了所需特征的维数,减少了计算量;然后通过感知算法进行特征提取得到人脸识别特征,最后运用最近邻分类器完成人脸的识别。在ORL、Yale及Feret人脸数据库的实验结果证明了该算法的有效性与稳健性,特别是在YaleB人脸数据库运用该方法得到了很好的试验结果。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.