内蒙古民族大学高职学生营养状况调查与评价

目的：了解我校职业技术学院大专学生的营养状况，为高职学生合理营养提供科学依据．方法采用膳食记录法连续调查5d，与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量（DRIs）》比较评价学生膳食营养；测量身高、体重。采用体质指数（BMI）评价学生体格营养状况；用4h负荷尿试验测定还原性维生素C，评价机体维生素C营养储备状况．结果：与DRIs相比，学生膳食中热能、蛋白质、铜、硒、维生素PP供给充足，蛋白质质量较好，早、午、晚三餐的热能分配比例合适．男女生膳食中存在的共性问题是膳食纤维、钙、锌、维生素A、维生素岛、维生素C摄入不足．学生体质指数（BMI）评价结果，男女学生90％以上均属正常．维生素C负荷尿试验。维生素C不足和缺乏者占29．7％．结论：学生膳食结构不够合理，主要是多种矿物质和维生素及膳食纤维摄入不足，应对学生加强营养指导．     

内蒙古民族大学医学生膳食结构与营养状况调查

目的：了解医学院大学生膳食结构与营养状况,为医学生合理营养提供科学依据．方法：采用膳食记录法连续调查学生5天膳食,与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量（DRIs）》及《中国居民平衡膳食宝塔》比较评价膳食营养．结果：学生平均每人每日膳食营养素摄入量与DRIs比较,男女生蛋白质、烟酸、铁、锌摄入充足,热能营养素来源比例合理,蛋白质质量较好;但维生素A、维生素B2、维生素C摄入不足,钙摄入严重不足;另外,女生还有能量、维生素B1摄入不足．结论：学生膳食结构不够合理,需对医学生加强合理营养知识的宣传教育．     

连云港市居民营养健康现状的调查与分析

目的:了解连云港市居民膳食结构、营养和健康状况,指导市民科学合理的用餐,注重饮食营养与健康,平衡膳食。方法:采用自编问卷,对连云港市居民营养健康状况进行随机抽样调查,同时对一定人群进行膳食结构的访问调查。结果:连云港市居民膳食质量明显偏高,但膳食结构不尽合理,动物性食物及油脂摄入量过高,蔬菜、水果及豆制品摄入量则偏低等。结论:连云港市居民营养健康状况一般,食物摄入丰富,营养健康知识差。     

营养因素与老年人常见疾病关系的调查研究

营养因素与老年人常见疾病关系的调查研究李晋（兰州医学院营养卫生学教研室７３００００）本文对兰州地区２３８名老年人进行了营养因素与常见疾病的调查研究，结果表明：膳食中蛋白质摄入量不足，脂肪摄入量过高（３６％—３８％）；肥胖发生率男性１９．６％，女性２２...     

延安大学学生膳食调查及分析

通过对延安大学春季一个月的膳食调查，与中国营养学会推荐的每日膳食中营养供给量比较，结果表明：我校学生膳食以粮谷类为主，占每日摄入量的58.4%；蔬菜摄入量偏低，仅为190g，占日总摄入量的18.7%；肉类、蛋类和豆类占日总摄入量的19.6%。每日摄入的蛋白质的数量不够，且主要是植物蛋白，膳食中钙、维生素B2不足，因调查时间在春季，故维生素C严重不足；热能摄入中脂肪提供的热能不足。     

学前教育专业女生膳食营养与健康调查分析

目的：了解高职学前教育专业女大学生膳食营养状况,为开展膳食营养教育提供参考。方法：采用24h膳食记录法对08级所有女大学生进行连续3d的膳食调查。结果：女大学生能量摄入量只占RNI的73．9％;钙摄入量只占RNI的60％;碳水化合物、维生素B1、维生素C、锌摄入量不足。结论：高职学前教育专业女大学生膳食结构不合理,应调整膳食结构,增加谷类食物的摄入,提高膳食能量、钙、维生素B1、维生素C、微量元素的摄入量。     

北京市东城区老年人膳食营养状况调查分析

本文的目的是了解北京市东城区老年人的营养状况.采用营养学通用的调查方法,连续5天调查老年人膳食,同时进行体重、健康状况、健身活动的询问,进行膳食营养状况分析和评价.调查分析结果是:1.该区的老年人热能摄入量充足,蛋白质摄入量较少,且豆类蛋白质所占比例低;2.钙、维生素A、B组维生素、维生素C摄入量不足;3.热能分配不尽合理,早餐摄入的热能偏低,晚餐摄入的热能偏高;4.体格调查中,57.4%肥胖,9.5%消瘦;其他健康方面,心血管的发病率很高.结果表明:该区老年人膳食结构不尽合理,建议调整膳食结构,提高蛋白质、钙、维生素A、B组维生素、维生素C的摄入量,多进食一定量膳食纤维和矿物质,以平衡三餐热量分配并达到预防肥胖、减少心血管疾病的发病为目的.     

吉林市某中学233名少年锌营养水平的调查

我们于1995年4月9日～5月13日对吉林市某中学233名13～16岁少年进行锌营养水平调查。调查结果表明:营养性锌缺乏的发生率为25.75％。应用24小时回顾法进行膳食调查,缺锌组少年只有能量、碳水化合物、维生素B_2达到供给量标准,其他营养素均偏低,其中,蛋白质和锌摄入量与正常组相比具有显著性差异,提示膳食中蛋白质和锌的摄入量不足是导致少年营养性锌缺乏的主要原因。     

大理某高校医学生膳食现状调查与分析

目的:了解大理某高校医学生的膳食状况及其影响因素.方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取大理某高校600名医学生,利用膳食调查表对其过去24h的膳食情况进行调查.结果:发现该校大学生全天膳食摄入基本合理,能量摄入已达推荐摄入量的90%以上,其中以蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入为主,钙、维生素B1、维生素B2摄入量偏低,一日三餐能量来源分布不合理,主要表现为早餐和晚餐能量分布过低.结论:建议大学生应适当调整膳食结构,注意补充动物性食物、植物性脂肪和多食水果蔬菜,增加各种维生素的摄入量,养成良好的膳食习惯,提高营养水平,增强自身身体素质.     

福州市建筑业农民工膳食营养调查

采用一对一24h膳食回顾法和食物频度法对福州市部分建筑工地农民工进行膳食营养调查。结果表明:市区和郊区农民工热量摄入分别只占参考摄入量的67.2%与63.9%,脂肪的摄入量达到标准的74.1%和55.1%。郊区农民工蛋白质的摄入数量不足,仅为参考摄入量的76.2%。市区和郊区农民工对部分维生素和矿物质摄入不足:钙的摄入量只占参考摄入量的51.8%与45.7%、VB1占76.8%与83.0%、VB2占70.1%与58.6%等。建筑行业农民工的膳食不够合理,膳食结构简单,膳食营养状况亟待改善,需要加强营养教育工作。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…