2,2—二甲基—4—环己烯—1,3—二酮的合成

美丽红豆杉素B(Taxamairin B,I)是从美丽红豆杉茎皮中分离获得的化学成分之一,对肝癌细胞有一定的抑制作用。我们曾报道了(C环部分的中间体3-异丙基-4,5-二甲氧基苯乙酮缩酮的合成。2,2-二甲基-4-环己烯-1,3-二酮(Ⅱ)是全合成美丽红豆杉素B的中间体之一。Hart在研究6,6-二甲基-4,5-环氧-2-环己烯酮的光     

6,6—二甲基—4—苄基—5—羧亚甲基—2—环己烯—1—酮的合成

美丽红豆杉素A(Taxamairin A,1)和美丽红豆杉素B(Taxamairin,B,2),是1985年从美丽红豆杉植物中分离得到的天然产物。它们是新型的含有革酮结构的三环二萜类化合物,体外药理试验发现具     

狼毒大戟化学成分研究

目的研究狼毒大戟化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从狼毒大戟根的石油醚部分分离出5个化合物,分别鉴定为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮(1)、3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷(2)、2,4-二羟基-3-醛基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮(3)、富马酸(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)。结论5个化合物均为已知化合物,化合物3为首次从该植物中获得。     

石蝉草化学成分的研究

目的研究草胡椒属植物石蝉草Peperomiadindygulensis的化学成分。方法用色谱法分离化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果从石蝉草的氯仿部位分离得到了8个化合物,分别鉴定为:二(2-甲氧基-4,5-亚甲二氧基)-苯基酮(Ⅰ)、草胡椒素B(peperomin B,Ⅱ)、草胡椒素C(peperomin C,Ⅲ)、5-羟基-4′,7,8-三甲氧基黄酮(Ⅳ)、5-羟基-3′,4′,7,8-四甲氧基黄酮(Ⅴ)、5,3′-二羟基-4′,7,8-三甲氧基黄酮(Ⅵ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ)、正十六酸(Ⅷ)。结论化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为石蝉草素(dindygulensin)。除化合物Ⅴ外,其余成分均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

黄亮橐吾的苯并呋喃类化合物

目的　研究黄亮橐吾根和根茎的化学成分。方法　利用硅胶、Sephadex L H- 2 0柱色谱分离等方法进行分离和纯化,根据化合物的理化常数和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果　从黄亮橐吾的根和根茎中分离到8个化合物,分别鉴定为:泽兰素(euparin, )、6 -甲氧基泽兰素(6 - methoxy- euparin, )、2 -羟基- 4 ,5 -二甲氧基苯甲醛(4,5 -dimethoxy- 2 - hydroxybenzaldehyde, )、2 -乙酰- 5 ,6 -二甲氧基苯并呋喃(2 - acetyl- 5 ,6 - dimethyoxybenzofuran, )、对羟基苯乙酮(4- hydroxyacetophenone, )、2 - isopropenyl- 5 ,6 - dim ethoxy- 2 ,3- hydrocum aran( )、8β- hydroxy- 7(11) - erem ophilen- 12 ,8α- olide ( )、羽扇豆醇(lupeol, )。结论　8个化合物均为首次从黄亮橐吾中分离得到。主要成分为苯并呋喃类化合物,特别是化合物 和 是两个重要的成分,具有杀虫和昆虫拒食活性,这和黄亮橐吾民间用于驱虫有相关性。     

1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂(艹卓)盐酸盐的合成

目的由间甲氧基苯乙酮(Ⅴ)合成1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂(艹卓)盐酸盐(Ⅰ).方法以间甲氧基苯乙酮(Ⅴ)为起始原料经Willgerodt重排和氯置换成酰氯,然后与4-甲氨基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐(Ⅳ)缩合成酰胺,碱性环合后再乙基化,通过Wolff-Kishner-Huang和锂铝氢二步还原,最后成盐共八步反应得到1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂(艹卓)盐酸盐(Ⅰ).结果采用价廉易得的原料、试剂和普通的反应条件、经八步反应高质量地合成了1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂(艹卓)盐酸盐(Ⅰ).结论该合成法操作简便、成本低廉,具有工业生产价值.     

地椒抗氧化活性部位化学成分的研究?

目的研究地椒抗氧化活性成分,阐明地椒抗氧化活性化学成分组成。方法采用1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)和2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)(ABTS)自由基清除试验筛选评价地椒5个极性部位的抗氧化活性;采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和MCI GEL CHP-20P等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,并根据质谱、核磁数据和参考文献数据等鉴定化合物的结构。结果地椒乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层显示很好的抗氧化活性。从该两萃取层中,分离鉴定18个化合物分别为野黄芩苷(1),野黄芩素(2),5,6,7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基黄酮(3),4'5-二羟基-6,7,8,-三甲氧基黄铜(xanthomicrol)(4),芹菜素(5),4'-甲氧基木犀草素(6),木犀草苷(7),木犀草素(8),芦丁(9),丹参素(10),香草酸(11),原儿茶酸(12),绿原酸(13),咖啡酸(14),阿魏酸(15),2,6-二羟基-4-异丙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(16),齐墩果酸(17)和胡萝卜苷(18)。结论化合物1~3和16首次从百里香属植物中分离得到,化合物4~8,10~12,14~15和17~18首次从地椒植物中分离得到。     

1,2,3,4,4a,5-六氢-10-H-二苯骈[a,d]环庚三烯-10-酮的合成

1,2,3,4,4a,5-六氢-10-H-二苯骈[a,d]环庚三烯-10-酮是全合成美丽红豆杉素A和B的模型化合物。我们设计了两条不同的合成路线,一是以环己酮为起始原料,在其α位引入苄基,然后进行Wittig-Horner反应,另一条路线是以(Ⅴ)为原料进行Reformatsky反应,最后都用PPA进行环合,均能制得[6 7 6]环型化合物Ⅲ。     

1-甲基-3-乙基-3-（3-羟基苯基）-六氢-1H-氮杂蕈盐酸盐的合成

目的由间甲氧基苯乙酮(Ⅴ)合成1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂革盐酸盐(Ⅰ)。方法以问甲氧基苯乙酮(Ⅴ)为起始原料经Willgerodt重排和氯置换成酰氯，然后与4-甲氨基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐(Ⅳ)缩合成酰胺，碱性环合后再乙基化，通过Wolff-Kishner-Huallg和锂铝氢二步还原，最后成盐共八步反应得到1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂革盐酸盐(Ⅰ)。结果采用价廉易得的原料、试剂和普通的反应条件、经八步反应高质量地合成了1-甲基-3-乙基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-六氢-1H-氮杂革盐酸盐(Ⅰ)。结论该合成法操作简便、成本低廉，具有工业生产价值。     

1,2,3,4,4a,5-六氢-10-H-二苯骈[a,d]环庚三烯-10-酮的合成

1,2,3,4,4a,5-六氢-10-H-二苯骈[a,d]环庚三烯-10-酮是全合成美丽红豆杉素A和B的模型化合物。我们设计了两条不同的合成路线,一是以环己酮为起始原料,在其α位引入苄基,然后进行Wittig-Horner反应,另一条路线是以(Ⅴ)为原料进行Reformatsky反应,最后都用PPA进行环合,均能制得[6 7 6]环型化合物Ⅲ。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.