微流控芯片测定盐酸普鲁卡因注射液中盐酸普鲁卡因

建立了微流控芯片非接触电导检测法快速检测盐酸普鲁卡因注射液中盐酸普鲁卡因含量的方法.优化了缓冲溶液种类、浓度和配比,添加荆种类和浓度,分离电压及进样时间等电泳条件.结果表明,选择1mmol/L HAc+3mmol/L NaAc(pH4.5)为缓冲溶液,0.08mmol/L SDS为添加剂,2.20kV为分离电压,10s...     

毛细管SDS无胶筛分电泳测定小分子多肽相对分子质量

目的建立快速毛细管SDS无胶筛分电泳法(SDS-NGS),测定小分子多肽相对分子质量。方法涂层毛细管(管长30cm,内径100μm);分离电压为9kV(300V/cm),分离温度为20℃;检测波长为214nm,检测时间为18min;所用SDS-多肽相对分子质量标准范围为2 512~16 949;以橙G(OG)为内标参照物。结果在相对分子质量2512~16949范围内,多肽相对分子质量的对数与其相对迁移率具有良好的线性关系(r=0.996);应用该方法测定了重组人奈西立肽、重组人表皮生长因子、虎纹镇痛肽、重组人心钠肽4种重组小分子多肽的相对分子质量,所测结果变异系数CV均小于3%。结论毛细管SDS无胶筛分电泳方便快速,灵敏度高,重现性好,结果准确,可作为小分子多肽相对分子质量的检测方法。     

雷公藤有效成分含量的测定

本文建立了雷公藤有效成分高效毛细管电泳优化分离分析方法.详细考察了此方法的回收率、精密度、线性和检测限.讨论了缓冲溶液中硼砂及磷酸二氢钠的浓度、表面活性剂的浓度pH值等因素对分离的影响.其优化分离的缓冲溶液组成为10mmol磷酸二氢钠和20mmol硼砂混合液中加入20mmol十二烷基硫酸钠,pH值为8.62.采用此方法分离雷公藤抗癌成分,可得到较好的分离效果.     

天冬氨酸-β-环糊精在毛细管电泳中拆分手性药物罗格列酮

本文建立了一种快速、简单拆分手性药物"罗格列酮"的新方法。采用本实验室合成的天冬氨酸-β-环糊精为手性选择剂,在毛细管区带电泳中对罗格列酮进行拆分,通过优化影响实验的主要因素(手性选择剂浓度、缓冲溶液pH、柱温及分离电压),得到了使罗格列酮达到基线分离的最佳实验条件。     

毛细管电泳脉冲安培法测定二氯苯酚的离解常数

基于毛细管电泳三脉冲安培检测技术,利用毛细管电泳中不同pH值条件下有效淌度(μeff)与缓冲溶液中[H ]的非线性关系,以及1／μeff缓冲溶液中[H ]的线性关系,测定了2,4-二氯苯酚(DCP)的离解常数。考察了三脉冲电位及时间、电解液的浓度、酸度、电泳电压及进样时间对测定的影响,得到了最优测定条件。以微盘铂电极为工作电极,Ag/AgCl为参比电极,三脉冲电位为:C1-300mV, t1200ms;E2600mV,t2100ms;E31000mV,t3100ms。该方法具有简单、快速、准确等特点。测得二氯苯酚的pK,为7.91。     

高效毛细管电泳分离水样中的硝基苯类化合物

利用高效毛细管电泳（HPCE）同时分离水样和印染废水中的3,5-二硝基苯甲酸、对硝基苯甲酸、对硝基苯酚等硝基苯化合物。通过考察缓冲液类型及浓度（10~50mmol.L-1）、pH值（7.0~9.5）、分离电压（10~30kV）、进样时间（2~10s）等因素对分离效果的影响,建立了水样中硝基苯类化合物的快速分离测定方法。得到的合适的电泳条件为硼砂缓冲液20mmol.L-1、pH值9.2、电泳电压25kV、进样时间4s。将该分离方法应用于实际印染废水中的硝基苯类化合物的分离测定,结果表明该方法快速、准确、重现性好。     

苯并三氮唑的毛细管区带电泳测定

建立了应用毛细管区带电泳测定水处理剂和循环冷却水中苯并三氮唑含量的方法.选择的分离和测定条件为:采用pH=9.1、浓度为20mmol/L的硼砂缓冲溶液体系,脱氢乙酸钠为内标物,检测波长200nm,分离电压25 kV,分离温度25℃,压力进样时间20 s.该法线性范围为0.10～48 mg/L,回收率＞98.1%.该法简便、快速、准确,对实际样品的测定结果令人满意.     

毛细管电泳法测定沙棘药物制品心达康片中的山奈酚和槲皮素

建立了毛细管电泳法测定沙棘药物制品心达康片中山奈酚和槲皮素的方法,研究了缓冲溶液pH和浓度、分离电压和进样时间对分离的影响,通过分析实际样品并做加入回收实验验证了方法的可行性。     

微流控芯片毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光检测白屈菜中血根碱

目的:建立了微流控芯片毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光检测法检测白屈菜中血根碱的方法。方法:以pH=9.0的20 mmol/L硼砂-SDS为电泳缓冲溶液,荧光素钠为内标物,分离电压1.8 kV,在微流控芯片上检测白屈菜中的血根碱。分别考察了缓冲溶液浓度、pH、添加剂、分离电压对检测的影响。结果:SDS的加入可使血根碱的荧光增敏,80 s内可完成血根碱和荧光素钠的分离。血根碱的线性范围为99.6~99.7μg/L(r=0.9990)。结论:此方法灵敏、快速、准确,可用于检测白屈菜中的血根碱。     

康复新液质量鉴定毛细管电泳指纹图谱法的建立

目的建立用于中成药康复新液质量检测的毛细管电泳(CE)指纹图谱法。方法样品分离采用弹性未涂层毛细管(75μm×60 cm,有效长度为49. 5 cm),通过运行缓冲液,在一定的pH及运行电压下进行分析,检测波长为214 nm,操作温度为25℃,压力进样3. 0 Psi×8 s。对分离条件中的缓冲液类型、缓冲液浓度、pH及分离电压进行优化。采用最佳分离条件测定不同厂家生产的10批康复新液,并通过中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)进行指纹图谱分析。结果最佳分离条件为:缓冲液为80 mmol/L乙酸-80 mmol/L乙酸铵,pH 3. 0,分离电压20 kV。10批康复新液标定了8个共有峰,相似度均 0. 99。结论本研究建立的CE指纹图谱新方法简单快速、分离度高、精密度好,可较为全面地反映和评价康复新液的整体质量。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.