应用血浆代用品行血液稀释的实验研究

应用改良明胶液（ＭＦＧ）和羟乙基淀粉（ＨＥＳ）两种血浆代用品，对犬进行血液稀释，比较两者对犬的血流动力不学及氧输送的影响。结果显示：当放血量１０～２０ｍｌ／ｋｇ时，ＭＦＧ的ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＤＯ２，ＶＯ２上升（Ｐ〈０．０５），ＨＥＳ的ＣＯ，ＣＩ增加，但ＤＯ２，ＶＯ２下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）。当放血量为２０～３０ｍｌ／ｋｇ时，ＭＦＧ的ＣＯ、ＣＩ仍增加（Ｐ〈０．０５），而ＨＥＳ的ＣＯ，ＣＩ已明显下降（Ｐ〈０．０     

血液稀释对急性心肌梗塞兔循环功能及心肌应激性的影响

取家兔１６只，冠状动脉左室支结扎后均分为血液稀释组（ＨＤ）和正常红细胞压积（Ｈｃｔ）组（ＮＧ）。另取兔８只仅行开胸手术作为对照组（ＣＧ）。观察血液稀释对心肌梗塞兔循环。肾上腺素诱发室性心律失常剂量（Ｅ／Ｖ）及梗塞区大小的影响。结果Ｈｃｔ：ＨＤ３１．３±２．７％，ＮＧ３８．１±２．６２％，ＣＧ３９．１±１．６％。冠状动脉结扎后至半小时内三组ＨＲ，ＭＡＰ，ＣＶＰ及心肌耗氧量均明显增加。ＨＤ的增加达１ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（ＥＩＶ：ＣＯ２３．３±４．５μｇ·ｋｇ－１，ＨＤ１８．０±２．９５μｇ·ｋｇ－１（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＮＧ，６．８６±１．７μｇ·ｋｇ－１，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。心肌梗塞区占全心重ＨＤ为６．４％，ＮＧ８．１％。（Ｐ＞０．０５）。证实血液稀释有提高心肌应激性，成少室性心律失常，改善心肌微循环和减小梗塞范围的功效。     

肝炎病毒感染者血中SOD GSH—PX LPO含量测定的意义

对５０９例门诊查体者进行了ＡＬＴ及ＨＡＶ，ＨＢＶ，ＨＣＶ，ＨＤＶ，ＨＥＶ标志物的检测；并对检测出肝炎病毒感染者，肝炎患者以及肝炎病毒标志物阴性者（对照组）的血液进行ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ，ＬＰＯ测定。结果显示：肝炎病毒感染者，肝炎患者血中ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ的含量，均显著低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ＬＰＯ的含量高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１），当多种肝炎病毒混合感染时血ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ下     

无菌ICR小鼠和普通ICR小鼠血液中生化正常值的测定和比较

无菌小鼠（ＧＦ）可在完全排除其他生物体干扰的无菌环境中生长［１，２］当ＧＦ小鼠从无菌环境移至普通环境中短期饲育时（Ｅｘ－ＧＦ）．将受到微生物的影响，体内新陈代谢，生理生化指标等诸多方面将会发生改变，但又不同于普通环境饲育的小鼠（ＣＶ）．本文测定和比较了ＧＦ，Ｅｘ－ＤＧＦ、ＣＶ小鼠血液生化值，包括血液中酶、离子浓度等常见生化指标。结果表明：ＧＰ小鼠血液中酶的浓度明显较ＣＶ小鼠低，且谷丙转氨酶（ＧＰＴ）含量存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）、谷草转氨酶（ＧＯＴ）和碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）的浓度具有极其显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）．ＧＰ小鼠ＧＯＴ浓度明显低于Ｅｘ－ＧＦ小鼠（Ｐ＜０．０５）．ＧＦ小鼠和Ｅｘ－ＧＦ、ＣＶ小鼠的血液中ＮＨ３、钙（Ｃａ）离子的浓度差别不显著，而无机磷（ＩＰ）浓度，ＧＦ小鼠与ＣＶ小鼠有极其显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）：ＧＦ小鼠血液中血糖（ＧＬＵ）．白蛋白（ＡＬＢ），中性脂肪（ＴＧ）含量明显较ＣＶ小鼠高（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＧＦ小鼠ＧＬＵ与Ｅｘ－ＤＧＦ小鼠ＧＬＵ存在有极其显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＧＦ小鼠血液中尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）胆固醇（ＴＣＨＯ）的浓度明显高于Ｅｘ－ＧＦ小鼠（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

50例急性心肌梗塞患者血脂水平检测报告

目的：对脂质代谢与ＡＭＩ之间的关系进行研究。方法：采用酶法检测血清总胆固醇（ＴＣ）和甘油三酯（ＴＧ）；用磷钨酸钠Ｍｇ２＋一步沉淀法检测高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬＣ）及其亚组分（ＨＤＬ２Ｃ和ＨＤＬ３Ｃ）；用单向火箭负度电泳法检测载脂蛋白ＡＩ（ａｐｏＡＩ）和载脂蛋白Ｂ（ａｐｏＢ）对ＡＭＩ患者（５０例）和对照组（６０例）进行取血检测。结果：疾病组血清ＴＧ，ａｐｏＢ水平比对照组明显升高，两组比较差异有显著性（ｔ＝２．１１４，３．３８９，Ｐ均＜０．０５）；而ＨＤＬＣ，ＨＤＬ２Ｃ，ａｐｏＡＩ水平及ＨＤＬ２Ｃ／ＨＤＬ３Ｃ，ａｐｏＡＩ／ａｐｏＢ比值比对照组明显降低，两组间比较差异均有显著意义（ｔ＝１．９９６～２．７６２，Ｐ＜０．０５，０．０１）；结论：血清ａｐｏＢ水平升高可促进冠心病动脉粥样硬化的形成和发展     

特发性血小板减少性紫瘢血清氧自由基水平

目的：探讨氧自由基与特发性血小板减少性紫瘢（ＩＴＰ）关系，观察维生素Ｃ对氧自由基的清除作用。方法：采用放免法测定ＩＴＰ血清丙二醛（ＭＤＡ），总超氧化物歧化酶（Ｔ ＳＯＤ）、锰超氧化物歧化酶（Ｍｎ ＳＯＤ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物歧化酶（ＧＳＨ Ｐｘ）水平，并给予维生素Ｃ治疗。结果：３２例ＩＴＰ血清ＭＤＡ、Ｔ ＳＯＤ、Ｍｎ ＳＯＤ水平较正常人高（Ｐ＜００１），ＧＳＨ Ｐｘ水平正常（Ｐ＞００５）；维生素Ｃ治疗后，氧自由基水平下降（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：氧自由基水平升高可能与ＩＴＰ有关，维生素Ｃ具有清除氧自由基的作用。     

大黄抗衰老作用的实验研究

目的探讨大黄的抗衰老效果和作用机理．方法３月龄昆明种健康雄性小鼠４０只，随机分为低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组、对照组，观察不同浓度的大黄水煎液对小鼠血中过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性及过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量的影响．结果大黄可增强小鼠血中ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），使ＬＰＯ含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），其中尤以中、高剂量给药组作；用明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结论大黄可能具有延缓衰老的作用．中图分类号Ｒ２８）．Ｊ     

三氟拉嗪对异丙基肾上腺素性大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的影响

目的：研究三氟拉嗪（ＴＦＰ）对缺血心肌线粒体损伤的影响。方法：采用异丙基肾上腺素性心肌梗塞（ＩＳＰ－ＭＩ，皮下注射ＩＳＰ４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）为模型，观察了ＴＦＰ对缺血心肌线粒体丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、膜脂流动性、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）及血清磷酸肌酸激酶（ＣＰＫ）的影响。结果：ＴＦＰ明显减轻ＩＳＰ－ＭＩ后心肌线粒体膜脂流动性及ＳＯＤ活力的降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），并显著减少了血清ＣＰＫ及心肌线粒体ＭＤＡ的升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＴＦＰ能部分对抗ＩＳＰ所致的心肌线粒体损伤，其机制可能与抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

高血压病与冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗的比较研究

检测高血压病（ＥＨ）３３例，冠心病（ＣＨＤ）３１例的糖耐量（ＯＧＴＴ），胰岛素（ＩＳ）和Ｃ肽（ＣＰ）释放试验等，结果为ＥＨ组服糖后２ｈ，３ｈＩＳ和ＡＵＣ明显高于ＣＨＤ组（Ｐ〈０．０５），空腹ＣＰ和ＣＰ／ＢＧ比值也明显高于ＣＨＤ组（Ｐ〈０．０５），提示ＥＨ胰岛素抵抗较ＣＨＤ严重。     

神经系统疾病患者血清和脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白及其抗体的ELISA定量研究

用简易的髓鞘碱性蛋白（ＭＢＰ）及其抗体（Ａｎｔｉ－ＭＢＰ）酶联免疫吸附定量测定（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法对６组共３３７例神经系统疾病患者进行检测，其中脊髓压迫症（ＣＭＰ）３６例，多发性硬化（ＭＳ）３３例，脑血管疾病（ＣＶＤ）３４例，中枢神经系统感染性疾病（ＩＤ）３１例，癫痫（ＥＰ）１６１例和其他神经系统疾病（ＯＮＤ）４２例。结果显示：ＣＭＰ、ＭＳ．ＣＶＤ、ＩＤ和ＥＰ５组血清ＭＢＰ均值明显高于ＯＮＤ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中又以急性外伤所致脊柱骨折伴截瘫为主（３３例）的ＣＭＰ患者血清ＭＢＰ值最高，与ＭＳ组比较Ｐ＜０．０５，与ＣＶＤ、ＩＤ和ＥＰ组比较Ｐ＜０．０１。ＣＶＤ患者ＣＳＦＭＢＰ均值也明显高于ＯＮＤ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本法检测６组血清和ＣＳＦ的Ａｎｔｉ－ＭＢＰ含量差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.