高脂膳食对雄性肥胖大鼠肾周脂肪水通道蛋白7表达的影响

目的：观察高脂膳食诱导肥胖模型大鼠肾周脂肪水通道蛋白7mRNA的表达情况,探讨其在肥胖发生中的作用。方法：将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和造模组,分别喂基础饲料和高脂饲料。8周末造模组按体重筛选出高脂膳食诱导肥胖模型大鼠（DIO组）继续高脂喂养至20周。于第8周和第20周分别处死一批大鼠,计算Lee’s指数、肝/体比和脂/体比,检测血脂水平,实时定量聚合酶链反应测定肾周脂肪水通道蛋白7 mRNA表达水平。结果：8周末,DIO组大鼠体重、Lee’s指数、肝/体比、脂/体比和血清TG含量明显高于对照组（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,喂养至20周,上述指标均进一步明显增高（P〈0.01）,血清TC和LDL-C水平也升高（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。DIO组肾周脂肪组织水通道蛋白7 mRNA表达水平于8周明显上调（P〈0.01）,20周下调（P〈0.05）。结论：肾周脂肪组织水通道蛋白7可能在不同程度肥胖中发挥不同作用。     

粪菌移植对营养性肥胖大鼠血脂及肠道屏障的影响

目的观察粪菌移植对营养性肥胖大鼠血脂及肠道屏障的影响。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组NG,肥胖组HGA、HGB。正常对照组NG喂以普通饲料;肥胖组HGA、HGB喂以高脂、高能饲料,分别饲养6周建立肥胖模型。造模后,HGA组肥胖大鼠通过灌肠移植NG组大鼠的粪菌,HGB组肥胖大鼠、NG组用生理盐水灌肠,每周1次,连续3周。观察实验第6周末和9周末大鼠体重、Lee指数变化。第9周末测大鼠血内毒素、α-肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及肝指数。取肝脏行病理学检查。结果高脂饮食喂养6周的大鼠体重明显增加(P0.05)。第9周末,HGA组Lee指数、肝指数、血清TG、TC、TNF-α及血浆内毒素均明显低于HGB组(P0.05)。结论粪菌移植能对肥胖大鼠起到减轻内毒素血症、调节血脂,减轻肝脂肪变性的作用。     

高脂模型大鼠代谢特征分析

目的:观察高脂饲料喂养对SD大鼠糖脂代谢的影响.方法:将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分成普食组(Normal)和高脂组(HFD),每周监测体质量,喂养8周后采用OGTT和ITT检测胰岛素抵抗,自动分析仪检测血糖血脂,称量肝脏、肾周和附睾脂肪重量,免疫组化分析组织形态.结果:与普食组相比,高脂大鼠体质量及肾周、附睾脂肪重量明显...     

膈下逐瘀汤对早期非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝脏脂质代谢的影响

目的：探讨膈下逐瘀汤对早期非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠体重、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脂的影响。方法采用高脂饲料法制备非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠模型,50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组（A组）20只、模型组20只（B组）、膈下逐瘀汤组（C组）10只。模型组、膈下逐瘀汤组给予高脂饲料（普通饲料基础上加10％猪油,2％胆固醇）喂养持续12周,正常组给予基础饲料喂养,8周末开始模型组给予生理盐水灌胃,膈下逐瘀汤组给予膈下逐瘀汤灌胃。分别于造模第6周末、12周末测定正常组及模型组体重、肝湿重、肝指数、肝脂,光镜观察肝组织病理变化。结果高脂饲料喂养6周,造模组大鼠体重、肝湿重、肝指数、肝质较正常组显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,造模组肝组织病理切片观察到单纯性脂肪肝病理改变;12周末模型组、膈下逐瘀汤组与正常组比以上指标改变更加明显,第12周末膈下逐瘀汤组大鼠肝湿重、肝指数、肝质比模型组显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论高脂饲料喂养大鼠6周能成功复制非酒精性脂肪肝动物模型;膈下逐瘀汤可改善模型大鼠肝脏脂质代谢紊乱。     

哺乳期过度喂养致幼鼠肥胖及动脉粥样病变

目的探讨SD大鼠哺乳期过度喂养乳汁与幼年大鼠肥胖及动脉粥样病变的关系。方法将出生第3天的雄性SD新生大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,模型组3只一笼,过度喂养组10只一笼,每笼分别由其母孕鼠喂养至21天,断乳后两组大鼠均正常食料喂养60天,观察两组大鼠体重、身长,计算Lee’s指数;测定附睾及肾周脂肪重量,计算体脂比;测定两组大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素,计算胰岛素敏感指数。HE染色观察腹主动脉组织病理改变。结果出生21天时,过度喂养组较对照组体重、脂体比、Lee’s指数明显增加(P<0.05,t值分别为-13.93,-2.73,-4.87),血胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感指数均较对照组高(P<0.01,t值分别为-10.217,12.027),血糖无明显差异(t=-2.08,P>0.05)。出生后60天,过度喂养组较对照组体重、脂体比、Lee’s指数明显增加(P<0.01,t值分别为-10.55,-3.93,-5.99),血胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感指数、血糖和血三酰甘油均明显升高(P<0.05,t值分别为-2.26,-9.028,9.734,-5.472)。生后60天过度喂养组大鼠腹主动脉内膜明显增厚伴纤维化,内膜与中膜间可见粥样斑块、泡沫细胞及散在钙化灶,中膜平滑肌细胞增多、排列紊乱、核深染,其长轴垂直于弹力纤维,血管壁向管腔内突出。结论哺乳期过度喂养乳汁可致乳鼠肥胖,终止过度喂养后大鼠肥胖仍可持续至青春期并出现代谢综合征及动脉粥样病变。     

青春期营养性肥胖对大鼠睾丸生殖细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨营养性肥胖对青春期雄性大鼠睾丸生殖细胞凋亡的影响。方法健康青春期Wistar雄性大鼠20只,按随机化原则分为两组,每组10只,对照组给予普通饲料喂养,高脂组用高脂、高热量饲料喂养建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型,10周末处死大鼠摘取睾丸。全自动生化分析仪（ACA）检测外周血总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）;光镜观察睾丸组织病理学改变;原位缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）检测睾丸组织凋亡细胞;免疫组化法检测Cyt c、Caspase-3蛋白的分布和表达;RT-PCR法检测睾丸组织Cyt c mRNA和Caspase-3 mRNA的表达。结果高脂组TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C较对照组明显升高,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;高脂组生殖细胞凋亡指数明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,凋亡细胞以精原细胞和精母细胞为主;高脂组Cyt c蛋白和Cyt c mRNA表达明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）;高脂组Caspase-3蛋白和Caspase-3 mRNA表达明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论营养性肥胖诱导大鼠睾丸生殖细胞凋亡增多,其机制可能与Cyt c、Caspase-3蛋白表达升高相关。     

高脂饲料对大鼠血脂、体重的影响

目的探讨高脂饲料对大鼠血脂、体重的影响,找寻其中变化规律。方法随机将SD雄性分为体重无差异性的两组,对照组30只,喂饲普通饲料;实验组30只,喂饲高脂饲料。定期称重,测定干预前后血脂。结果对照组、实验组血脂变化各有其规律,但TG与HDL-C两组均呈直线相关;血脂变化与体重变化无相关性,干预后两组体重无显著性差异。结论大鼠在正常生长过程中除TG外,血脂其余各成分是不断变化的;高脂饲料喂养法建立的动物模型适合应用于建立单纯性高胆固醇血症;高脂鼠和肥胖鼠在本质上还是有区别。     

电针天枢等腹部腧穴对单纯性肥胖大鼠血脂及血清脂联素的影响

目的:观察电针天枢等腹部腧穴对单纯性肥胖大鼠降脂效应的影响。方法:健康清洁级SD大鼠100只随机抽出10只作为正常组,普通饲料喂养,余90只用自制高脂饲料喂养,8 w后选造模成功的30只随机分为模型组、电针1组(天枢、中脘、关元、大横穴)、电针2组(后三里、三阴交、中脘、关元穴)。治疗20 d后,观察大鼠体质量、肾周脂肪质量、附睾周脂肪质量、血脂、脂联素含量、肾周脂肪细胞直径的变化。结果:电针治疗后大鼠体质量、肾周脂肪和附睾周脂肪质量、TG、CHO、LDL-C含量,肾周脂肪细胞直径均降低,HDL-C、脂联素含量升高,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。上述指标电针1组与电针2组比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:针刺天枢等腹部腧穴对单纯性肥胖大鼠有一定降脂效应。     

褪黑素抑制高糖高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠体重的增长

目的观察褪黑素（MLT）对高糖高脂饮食喂养的肥胖SD大鼠体重的影响。方法正常饮食喂养16只SD大鼠,同时以高糖高脂饮食喂养的32只SD大鼠5个月后,建立肥胖动物模型。按照体重增加超过对照组20%作为标准从高糖高脂饮食喂养的32只SD大鼠中选取18只大鼠,将其分为肥胖对照组（D IO组）、MLT治疗组,各9只,分别给予腹腔注射生理盐水、MLT（4 mg/kg）,另设正常组（n=9）,来自于正常饲料喂养组,继续喂普通饲料,并给予生理盐水（5 mL）处理。每周监测体重和食物摄入量。实验末处死动物,分离腹部脂肪组织并称重。结果与肥胖对照组比较,MLT处理组肥胖大鼠体重降低16%,腹部脂肪减少达50%,各组相对摄食（每100 g体重摄食量）无明显差异。结论褪黑素能降低高糖高脂饮食大鼠的体重增长和脂肪沉积。     

营养性肥胖对大鼠精子的影响

目的:观察营养性肥胖对雄性大鼠睾丸生精功能的影响。方法:健康青春期SD雄性大鼠20只,按随机化原则分为两组,每组10只,正常对照组给予普通饲料喂养,高脂饮食组用高脂、高热量饲料喂养12周,取附睾精子观察精子密度、活力,光镜下观察睾丸组织显微结构的变化。结果:高脂饮食组精子密度、活动率、前向运动精子、快速前向运动精子百分比均有不同程度的降低(P<0.01),睾丸组织的显微结构改变。结论:营养性肥胖影响了大鼠睾丸的发育,精子密度、活力都下降。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.