色满卡林对缺氧复氧致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的研究色满卡林（Cromakalim，CRK）对缺氧复氧致大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的保护作用，并探讨其机制。方法用原代培养的Sprague—Dawley（SD）大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞建立缺氧2h复氧30min的损伤模型。采用乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）试剂盒测培养液中LDH的活性；采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定细胞内超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）活性；硫代巴比妥酸显色法测定细胞内丙二醛（MDA）含量；AV—PI双标记后应用流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率。结果色满卡林对缺氧复氧造成的心肌细胞损伤有保护作用，表现为可以对抗缺氧复氧引起的LDH活性增加、MDA含量增加、SOD活性下降、凋亡率增加。结论色满卡林对缺氧复氧致培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞的损伤具有保护作用，此作用与抑制脂质过氧化、减少心肌细胞凋亡有关。     

依那普利对大鼠心肌细胞缺氧与缺氧/再给氧损伤的保护作用

目的：观察依那普利对培养的大鼠心肌细胞缺氧与缺氧／再给氧损伤时释放心肌酶的影响，研究依那普利对心肌细胞是否有直接的保护作用。方法：用培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞建立缺氧与缺氧／再给氧模型，检测细胞培养液中肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷草转氨酶(AST)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)等心肌酶的活性变化，观察依那普利对上述指标的影响。结果：心肌细胞内CPK、ALP、AST及LDH的释放量随着缺氧与缺氧／再给氧时间的延长逐渐升高，依那普利能显著减少心肌细胞缺氧与缺氧／再给氧损伤期间心肌酶的释放量。结论：依那普利能减轻缺氧与缺氧／再给氧造成的心肌细胞损伤，依那普利对心肌细胞真有直接的保护作用。     

葛根素对培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用

目的 研究葛根素(Pue)处理后对培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法 原代培养新生大鼠心肌细胞,建立缺氧/复氧损伤模型,分为缺氧/复氧对照组和缺氧/复氧 葛根素保护组(葛根素浓度分别为1、0.1、0.01g/L).观察各组心肌细胞形态结构及超微结构的变化,测定心肌细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量和一氧化氮(NO)分泌量,以及Pue对上述指标的影响.流式细胞仪计数各组细胞凋亡率.结果 Pue可明显提高SOD和LDH活性,降低MDA含量,减少NO分泌量,差异均有高度统计学意义(均P<0.01);电镜下治疗组心肌细胞结构接近正常;流式细胞仪计数治疗组细胞凋亡率明显低于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 葛根素处理对体外培养心肌细胞模拟缺氧/复氧损伤模型有明显的保护作用,其保护机制可能与葛根素稳定心肌细胞膜和减轻氧自由基损伤,并且抑制缺氧/复氧损伤中的心肌细胞凋亡有关.     

神经再生素对培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨神经再生素（nerve regeneration factor，NRF）对缺氧／再复氧（hypoxia／reoxygenation,H／R）心肌细胞的保护作用。方法：取Winstar乳鼠心脏，制成心肌细胞悬液，贴壁法培养心肌细胞并进行缺氧／再复氧损伤，观察神经再生素对缺氧／再复氧心肌细胞形态及细胞内SOD、MDA及LDH水平的影响，采用流式细胞仪双标法检测心肌细胞凋亡百分率。结果：神经再生素能升高SOD活性，降低MDA含量和LDH活性，减少心肌细胞凋亡率。结论：神经再生素对缺氧／再复氧心肌细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

贯叶金丝桃苷对心肌细胞作用的初步研究

目的研究贯叶金丝桃苷（Hyp）对原代培养大鼠心肌细胞的初步作用。方法对出生1~3 d的SD大鼠乳鼠分离心肌细胞进行原代培养,以不同浓度的贯叶金丝桃苷给药,采用四甲基噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测Hyp对心肌细胞的毒性,并观察Hyp对H2O2损伤心肌细胞的影响。结果 Hyp体外对心肌细胞的TC50=8.946 g/L,TC10=0.028 g/L。Hyp各剂量组可显著降低H2O2损伤的心肌细胞上清液乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）含量,同时可以降低H2O2损伤所导致的心肌细胞死亡。结论 Hyp对心肌细胞的生长抑制率低;可以对抗H2O2所造成的损伤,对心肌细胞有保护作用。     

黄芪总苷对缺氧/复氧诱导损伤细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶的影响

目的 观察黄芪总苷(AST)在缺氧/复氧所致海马神经元凋亡的影响,探讨其抗损伤的作用机制.方法 原代培养海马神经元细胞,建立缺氧/复氧损伤的海马神经元凋亡模型.采用DNA琼脂糖电泳和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;激光共聚焦显微镜检测细胞内游离钙离子浓度;Western blot 法检测ERK和磷酸化ERK蛋白的表达.结果 海马神经元细胞经缺氧/复氧后发生了明显凋亡形态学的改变,凋亡率增加,AST(20、40 mg/L)能明显降低模型大鼠海马神经元凋亡百分率和胞质钙离子浓度,且促进磷酸化ERK蛋白水平的表达.结论 黄芪总苷对脑缺血/再灌注所致损伤有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与抑制细胞钙超载、激活细胞ERK信号存活通路有关.     

淫羊藿苷预适应对乳鼠心肌细胞的保护作用

目的:探讨淫羊藿苷预适应对培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤和氧化损伤的作用及其机制。方法:体外培养原代乳鼠心肌细胞,淫羊藿苷预适应24h后,采用连二亚硫酸钠(Na2S2O4)诱导心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤和过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导氧化损伤模型,测定细胞存活率(MTT法)、细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量、细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:在缺氧/复氧损伤模型和氧化损伤模型中,淫羊藿苷预适应明显提高细胞存活率,增加胞内SOD活性,降低培养液中LDH释放量和胞内MDA含量。结论:淫羊藿苷预适应对缺氧/复氧损伤以及氧化损伤心肌细胞都具有明显的保护作用,可能与其抑制脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Urocortin抑制心肌缺血再灌注诱导的自噬

目的 研究uroeortin (UCN)对缺血再灌注诱导的心肌细胞自噬的影响,探讨UCN的心肌保护机制.方法 构建大鼠在体心脏缺血再灌注损伤和离体新生大鼠心肌细胞的缺氧复氧模型,进行缺血/缺氧1h再灌注/复氧2h的损伤,在缺血/缺氧前1h给予UCN预处理;在再灌注/复氧2h后观察UCN对缺血再灌注/缺氧复氧诱导的心肌损伤、细胞自噬和自噬相关基因表达的影响.结果 UCN预处理可以显著降低缺血再灌注损伤导致的心肌损害,使梗死面积降低,血清肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)降低;增加缺氧复氧离体心肌细胞活力、减少培养上清的LDH水平.与上述心肌保护作用相伴随的是UCN预处理还能抑制缺氧复氧导致的心肌细胞自噬,使LC3BⅡ/LC3BI的比值显著降低,并且抑制自噬相关基因Beclin1、Bni p3的mRNA表达.结论 UCN可以抑制缺血再灌注诱导的心肌细胞自噬,可能在抗缺血再灌注损伤中起重要作用.     

益气通络丹抗缺氧再给氧心肌细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的观察含益气通络丹的大鼠血清对缺氧24h再给氧4h后新生乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用及其对心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放、一氧化氮(NO)生成和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质(TBARS)的影响。方法采用AnnexinV-PI双标记方法以流式细胞仪和ELISA法检测细胞凋亡,以紫外分光光度法测定LDH释放水平,采用改良Yu方法测定NO浓度,用Ohkawa法测定TBARS含量。结果心肌细胞缺氧再给氧后NO、TBARS水平升高,LDH释放增加。含益气通络丹的血清能显著抑制心肌细胞凋亡,抑制LDH释放,降低培养细胞上清液中NO和TBARS水平,其效应呈剂量依赖关系。结论益气通络丹具有抗缺氧再给氧心肌细胞凋亡作用,其机制与清除氧自由基和NO特性有关。     

环维黄杨星D对NaCN致乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的影响

目的观察环维环杨星D(CVB-D)对心肌细胞缺氧性损伤的保护作用。方法利用NaCN诱导细胞内缺氧,建立心肌细胞缺氧损伤病理模型,从细胞存活率、LDH外漏释放、细胞凋亡率等方面,观察CVB-D对缺氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。结果 CVB-D能明显抑制NaCN造成的心肌细胞死亡、减少细胞内LDH的漏出(P0.05~0.01),并能减少缺氧诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。结论 CVB-D对缺氧损伤心肌细胞具有明显的保护作用,作用机制与清除氧自由基及降低细胞凋亡率有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.