蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性实验

目的:观察大鼠口服蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊的长期毒性作用。方法:采用临床拟用剂量法(ACD法)以7.875、15.75、31.5g·kg-1·d-1生药(相当于临床用药剂量的15、30、60倍)连续灌胃给药12周,观察大鼠的生长发育、血液学、血液生化学、脏器系数、组织病理学变化及停药2周后上述指标的变化。结果:连续灌胃12周后,大鼠体重、行为活动、重要脏器系数、大鼠血液学和血液生化学指标与对照组比较均未见明显影响,主要脏器的病理组织学检查与对照组比较亦未见明显病理改变;停药2周恢复期大鼠各项观察指标与对照组比较,差异无显著性。结论:在本实验条件下,蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对受试动物未见明显的长期毒性作用,表明该药具有良好的安全性。     

复方黄芪胶囊长期毒性试验研究

【目的】观察复方黄芪胶囊长期毒性反应,为临床用药提供科学依据,保证用药安全。【方法】以高剂量组5g/kg ,中剂量组3g/kg ,低剂量组1g/kg给大鼠连续灌服12w、停药2w ,分别测量大鼠体重,测定血液学和血液生化学指标,并作组织病理学检查。【结果】复方黄芪胶囊各剂量组动物的观测指标与空白对照组比较,均无显著性差异。病理检查各脏器组织均未见药物中毒性病理形态学改变。停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。【结论】复方黄芪胶囊长期用药对大鼠无明显毒性,推论临床拟用剂量是安全的。     

肝必康胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性试验研究

目的研究肝必康胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性。方法肝必康胶囊以19.2、9.6、4.8 g/kg剂量连续灌服24周,停药2周,分别称量大鼠体重,计算脏器系数,测定血液学和血液生化学指标,并做病理组织学检查。结果肝必康胶囊大、中、小剂量组动物的外观行为、体重、脏器系数、血液学和生化学指标与空白对照组比较均无明显差异;病理检查未见与药物毒性相关的明显病变,停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。结论肝必康胶囊长期用药对大鼠无明显毒性,推论临床拟用剂量应是安全的。     

复方参仲口服液的长期毒性试验

[目的]观察复方参仲口服液对大鼠长期毒性试验的影响。[方法]复方参仲口服液以43.0,21.5和8.6g生药/kg(为临床日剂量的50,25和10倍)给大鼠连续灌服13周,停药2周,分别测量大鼠体重,计算脏器系数,测定血液学和血液生化学指标,并作组织病理学检查。[结果]复方参仲口服液高、中、低剂量组大鼠的外观体征,行为活动,体重,脏器系数,血液学和血液生化学指标与空白对照组比较,均无显著性差异;病理检查未见与药物毒性相关的明显病变,停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。[结论]复方参仲口服液长期用药对大鼠无明显毒性,表明临床拟用剂量是安全的。     

乌藤镇痛胶囊的毒理学研究

目的观察乌藤镇痛胶囊给予动物后产生的急性毒性及长期(慢性)毒性反应情况。方法小白鼠禁食12h后灌胃给58%的乌藤镇痛胶囊20ml.kg-1,24h内给药3次,观察急性毒反应和死亡情况;长期毒性实验用Wistar大鼠,分为对照组(淀粉20g.kg-1)和3个不同剂量的用药组(5、10及20g.kg-1),一天分二次灌服,共90d;实验期间,观察一般体征、体重及行为,给药90d后处死大鼠,进行血液常规、肝功能及其它病理组织学检查。结果急性毒性实验表明,小鼠对乌藤镇痛胶囊的最大耐受量为34.8g.kg-1。给药后连续观察7d,动物未见明显异常和死亡。长期毒性试验表明,大鼠灌喂乌藤镇痛胶囊后与对照组比较,各项观察指标均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论乌藤镇痛胶囊无明显急性毒性反应。用药90d对实验动物各脏器,血液及肝肾功能无毒性损害作用,提示临床按规定疗程用药是安全的。     

灵芪蠲肝液毒理学实验研究

目的:观察灵芪蠲肝液对小鼠的急性毒理作用和对大鼠的长期毒性作用.方法:急性毒理学采用最大耐受量给药法;长期毒性实验采用长期(12周)给药法,分别于12周末、停药2周末每组各取一半动物先称重后取血5ml,用于测血像和血液生化,同时取心、肝、脾、肺、肾称重,并制做病理切片,在光镜下观察组织形态.结果:小鼠灌胃灵芪蠲肝液1020g·kg-1后,在观察的7天内无一动物死亡和异常表现;大鼠灌胃灵芪蠲肝液51g·kg-1、25.5g·kg-1、12.25g·kg-1共12周、停药2周,动物无活动异常,体重增加量、外周血像、血液生化、肝肾功能、主要脏器重量及重量指数均未见有异常,与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05):病理组织检查显示各脏器均无出血、栓塞、坏死、增生、萎缩、水肿、炎细胞浸润等异常改变,与生理盐水组比较无明显差异.结论:小鼠灌服灵芪蠲肝液1200倍临床剂量;大鼠连续灌服灵芪蠲肝液12周,相当于临床剂量的60、30、15倍,并停药观察2周,均未出现异常毒性反应,其临床使用剂量是安全的.     

脑脉舒康胶囊急性毒性与慢性毒性实验研究

目的:研究脑脉舒康胶囊的急性毒性与慢性毒性,评价脑脉舒康胶囊的安全性。方法:在急性经口毒性实验中,采用最大给药量实验方法,以20 g·kg-1剂量的脑迈舒康胶囊给予小鼠灌胃,24 h内给药3次,给药后连续观察7 d,详细记录小鼠体质量、一般外观表现、中毒症状及死亡情况;在慢性毒性实验中,采用大鼠13周喂养实验,以4 g·(kg·d)-1、8 g·(kg·d)-1、12 g·(kg·d)-13个剂量的脑脉舒康胶囊组,每周给药6 d,连续灌胃13周,每日观察大鼠的外观体征、行为活动及粪便情况等,并于给药结束每组雌雄各半随机抽取1/2大鼠动物,进行血象、血液生化指标、肝肾功能、脏器指数及组织病理学检查,剩余动物停药恢复2周,同前完成相应指标的检查。结果:在急性毒性实验中,并未见动物有中毒症状,无动物死亡,外观表现未见异常;在慢性毒性实验中,实验期间动物生长发育良好,停药前后各剂量组动物体质量、血象、血液生化指标、肝肾功能、脏器指数及组织病理学检查与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:脑脉舒康胶囊对实验性小鼠无明显急性毒性作用,脑脉舒康胶囊长期用药对实验性大鼠无明显毒性。     

复方龙脉宁滴丸长期毒性实验研究

目的连续观察复方龙脉宁滴丸给药3个月的长期毒性及停药后蓄积性毒性反应。方法将120只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、高、中、低剂量组(0.13、0.39、1.7 g/kg),每组30只,每日给药一次,连续给药90 d,停药15 d,观察大鼠一般状况,对血液学指标、血液生化学指标、组织病理学、脏器系数进行检查,以评价复方龙脉宁滴丸长期用药的安全性。结果复方龙脉宁滴丸各剂量组对大鼠生长发育,一般状况、血液学指标、血液生化学、脏器系数、脏器病理均无显著影响。结论复方龙脉宁滴丸长期服用毒性很低,停药后无蓄积性毒性反应,服用比较安全。     

中药复方春血康毒理学研究

摘要：[目的]探讨春血康的毒理作用。［方法] 急性毒性试验用小鼠以药物最大浓度和动物的最大胃容纳量24 h内灌服3次,然后连续观察14天。长期毒性试验将大鼠分4组,分别以63.50、31.75、12.70g/(kg•d)3个剂量组和等容积生理盐水组连续灌服12周,处死大鼠,测大鼠体重、血液学、血液生化学、器官糸数各指标,脏器组织病理学变化。[结果]春血康的最大耐受量为127.05 g生药/kg,按60 kg人计算,相当于成人临床用量的100倍。长期毒性结果显示,各组大鼠体重增长正常,脏器系数、血液学指标无显著改变,凝血时间在给药13周后出现显著缩短的现象,但在停药2周后恢复,脏器组织未发现因药物导致病理学改变。[结论]中药复方春血康对受试动物未有明显毒性作用,可安全用于临床。     

肝毒清毒理学实验研究

目的:观察肝毒清对小鼠的急性毒性作用和对大鼠的长期毒性作用.方法:急性毒性实验采用小鼠1日最大给药量法,观察小鼠死亡情况、一般情况及行为活动.长期毒性实验研究采用随机分组法将80只大鼠随机分为肝毒清25g/kg、12.5g/kg、6.25g/kg、生理盐水空白对照(NS)组四组,每组20只,采用灌胃给药法,每天1次,连续给药12周,每2周测体重1次,12周后停药观察2周;分别于12周末、停药2周末每组各取一半动物先称重后取血测血像和血液生化,同时取主要脏器称重,并制做病理切片,在光镜下观察组织形态.结果:小鼠肝毒清灌服100g/kg后,在观察的7天内无一动物死亡和异常表现;大鼠灌服肝毒清25g/kg、12.5 g/kg、6.25 g/kg共12周、停药2周,动物无活动异常,体重增加量、外周血像、血液生化、肝肾功能、主要脏器重量及重量指数均未见有异常,与对照组比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05),病理组织检查显示各脏器均无出血、栓塞、坏死、增生、萎缩、水肿、炎细胞浸润等异常改变,与生理盐水组比较无明显不同.结论:肝毒清未显示急性毒性和长期毒性作用.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.