克拉霉素治疗老年肺部感染52例疗效观察

目的 :评价克拉霉素治疗老年肺部感染的疗效和安全性。方法 :对 5 2例老年肺部感染患者 ,口服克拉霉素 0 .2 5 g,每日 2次 ,疗程 1 0～ 1 4d。并与对照组 5 5例哌拉西林4.0 g每日 2次静脉滴注 ,疗程 1 0～ 1 4d作对照观察。结果 :治疗组痊愈率为 5 9.6 %,有效率为 86 .5 %,均高于对照组 (痊愈率 41 .3 %、有效率 70 .9%) ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。细菌清除率治疗组为 88.9%,对照组为 6 4 .5 %,两组比较也有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。两组不良反应发生率分别为 9.6 %及 5 .5 %,无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :克拉霉素治疗老年院外获得性肺部感染是有效安全的。     

注射用阿奇霉素治疗细菌性感染临床观察

目的 :评价国产注射用阿奇霉素治疗细菌性感染的临床疗效和安全性。方法 :采用随机对照方法 ,将 43例下呼吸道感染和 33例泌尿道感染分验证组和对照组。 43例验证组给予注射用阿奇霉素 0 .2 5 g静脉滴注 ,每天 1次 ;33例对照组给予注射用头孢呋辛 1.5g静脉滴注 ,每天 2次 ,两组疗程均为 5天。结果 :验证组有效率为 83.7% ,细菌清除率为 72 .5 % ,药物敏感率为 80 .8% ;对照组有效率为 81.8% ,细菌清除率为 77.4% ,药物敏感率为 82 .2 % ,两组差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。两组不良反应轻微。结论 :注射用阿奇霉素是一种有效、安全的治疗细菌性感染的抗生素     

利福霉素治疗呼吸道感染疗效观察

目的 探讨利福霉素钠治疗呼吸道感染的临床疗效.方法 50例成人呼吸道感染患者,随机分成2组,利福霉素钠治疗组(30例)连续10d静脉滴注利福霉素钠0.5g,1次/d;头孢噻肟钠组(20例)静滴头孢噻肟钠4.0g,1次/d,观察两组经过抗炎治疗后临床症状和体征改善情况.结果 利福霉素钠治疗组有效率96.6%,头孢噻肟钠组有效率65.0%,两组对比有统计学意义(p＜0.05).结论 利福霉素钠治疗呼吸道感染临床疗效高,显效快,不良反应小,是治疗呼吸道感染的理想药物之一.     

利福霉素治疗呼吸道感染疗效观察

目的探讨利福霉素钠治疗呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 50例成人呼吸道感染患者,随机分成2组,利福霉素钠治疗组（30例）连续10d静脉滴注利福霉素钠0.5g,1次/d;头孢噻肟钠组（20例）静滴头孢噻肟钠4.0g,1次/d,观察两组经过抗炎治疗后临床症状和体征改善情况。结果利福霉素钠治疗组有效率96.6%,头孢噻肟钠组有效率65.0%,两组对比有统计学意义（p〈0.05）。结论利福霉素钠治疗呼吸道感染临床疗效高,显效快,不良反应小,是治疗呼吸道感染的理想药物之一。     

阿奇霉素注射剂治疗急性细菌性下呼吸道感染的有效性和安全性(附50例病例分析)

目的 :评价阿奇霉素注射剂治疗急性细菌性下呼吸道感染的有效性和安全性。方法 :采用随机对照的方法观察了阿奇霉素和红霉素治疗 50例急性细菌性下呼吸道感染患者的临床疗效及不良反应。结果 :阿奇霉素组痊愈率和有效率分别为 60 %和 96% ,而红霉素组分别仅为 40 %和 80 % (P <0 0 1 )。阿奇霉素组的细菌清除率为 95 7% ,红霉素组为 88 2 %。阿奇霉素组不良反应发生率为 1 2 % ,较红霉素组 (36% )低 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 :新一代大环内酯类抗生素阿奇霉素注射剂 ,治疗急性细菌性下呼吸道感染安全有效。     

莫西沙星治疗社区获得性肺部感染疗效观察

目的 观察莫西沙星经验性治疗社区细菌性肺部感染的疗效.方法 选取年龄在18～65岁的社区细菌性肺部感染患者82例,治疗组43例,应用莫西沙星400 mg/d口服,疗程5～10 d;对照组39例,应用哌拉西林4.0 g+阿米卡星0.4 g/d静脉滴注,疗程5～10 d.观察治疗有效率、平均显效时间及细菌清除率.结果 治疗组有效率为90.1%,对照组有效率为82.1%(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组平均显效时间分别为(5.1±1.9) d和(6.4±2.1) d(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组的细菌清除率分别为92.9%和82.6%(P<0.05);治疗组副反应发生率为9.2%,停药后恢复正常.结论 莫西沙星治疗社区获得性肺部感染有效率达90%以上,莫西沙星治疗社区获得性肺部感染是简单有效的.     

利福霉素治疗肺部感染48例疗效观察

目的:观察利福霉素注射液治疗肺部感染的临床疗效及不良反应。方法:48例肺部感染患者每日静脉点滴利福霉素0.5g～1.5g,疗程7d～14d。结果:肺部感染的总有效率为93.8%,细菌清除率为88.5%,不良反应发生率为4.2%。结论:利福霉素治疗肺部感染疗效好,副作用小,且不易与其他抗生素产生交叉耐药。     

阿莫西林钠和氨苄西林钠分别与舒巴坦钠联合治疗急性细菌性感染临床研究

目的　本研究对阿莫西林钠 /舒巴坦钠与氨苄西林钠 /舒巴坦钠随机单盲对照治疗中、重度急性细菌性感染 ,评价阿莫西林钠 /舒巴坦钠的有效性与安全性。方法　采用区组随机单盲对照试验设计 ,完成试验药 2 0例及对照药1 9例感染患者的临床试验。结果　两组病例的一般项目基本相似 ,阿莫西林钠 /舒巴坦钠和氨苄西林 /舒巴坦钠治疗各种细菌感染的临床有效率分别为 85.0 0 %与 89.47% ,细菌学有效率为分别为 80 .0 0 %和 86.67% ,细菌清除率为93.33%与 1 0 0 % ,临床分离细菌的产酶率均为 66.67%。两组病例的不良反应发生率分别为 1 0 .0 0 %和 1 0 .53% ,不良反应轻微 ,不需特殊处理 ,停药后可自行恢复正常。　结论　阿莫西林钠 /舒巴坦钠是一种安全有效治疗细菌感染的药物 ,对β-内酰胺酶产生菌也同样有较好疗效 ,可用于治疗多种细菌引起的各种感染     

头孢他啶治疗小儿细菌性下呼吸道感染的临床疗效

目的:评价头孢他啶注射剂治疗小儿细菌性下呼吸道感染的临床疗效与安全性.方法:以头孢哌酮/舒巴坦钠(舒普深)为对照药,在180例受试患儿中进行随机平行对照试验.实验组98例,给予头孢他啶60 mg/(kg·d),分2次静脉滴注;对照组82例给予舒普深50 mg/(kg·d),分2次静脉注射;两组疗程均为7 d.结果:实验组和对照组的有效率分别为92.86%及90.24%;实验组细菌清除率为88.24%,高于对照组的85.94%;两组的不良反应率分别为7.14%和7.32%,两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:头孢他啶注射液治疗小儿细菌性下呼吸道感染疗效好,使用较安全,有较高的临床应用价值.     

依诺沙星注射液治疗急性细菌感染临床研究

目的 :观察国产依诺沙星注射液治疗急性细菌感染的疗效和不良反应。方法 :共治疗 90例患者 ,随机分为试验、对照及开放组各 3 0例 ,试验及开放组静脉滴注依诺沙星 2 0 0mg/d ,qd ;对照组静脉滴注左氧氟沙星注射液 (levofloxacin) 2 0 0mg/d ,qd ;疗程均为 5～ 14d。结果 :试验及开放组共 60例 ,总有效率和细菌清除率为 95 0 %和 93 5 % ;对照组 3 0例 ,总有效率和细菌清除率为 80 0 %和 88 9%。用药中不良反应较轻 ,试验及开放组发生率 5 % ,对照组发生率 10 %。结论 :依诺沙星治疗临床常见的中重度急性细菌性感染疗效高 ,不良反应小     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.