荧光碳点的制备及应用

荧光碳点是继富勒烯、碳纳米管及石墨烯之后最热门的碳纳米材料之一。这种纳米材料克服了传统量子点的某些缺点,不仅具有优良的光学性能与小尺寸特性,而且具有良好的生物相容性,易于实现表面功能化,在生化传感、成像分析、环境检测、光催化技术及药物载体等领域具有很好的应用潜力。本文就近年来人们对荧光碳点的研究进行了综述,简述了碳点的特性,重点介绍了荧光碳点应用的最新进展,对碳点发展过程中尚待解决的问题进行总结并对未来发展方向进行了展望。     

水凝胶/金属纳米粒子复合物的制备及其在催化反应中的应用

金属纳米粒子的表面效应使其在有机催化方面具有广阔的应用前景,但由于金属纳米粒子易团聚而降低了其催化活性,解决金属纳米粒子的团聚问题具有重要的实际意义。水凝胶具有三维网状结构和大量的功能基团,可用于金属纳米粒子催化剂的制备,有利于金属纳米粒子的分散与固定以及提高金属粒子的回收率与重复使用性。本文主要综述了水凝胶（天然水凝胶与合成水凝胶）负载金属纳米粒子复合物的制备及其催化性能的研究,对影响复合催化剂性能的因素进行总结,最后对其存在的问题和将来可能的发展方向进行展望。     

Linear stability analysis on a spherical particle growing from a binary melt under the far-field flow

The solutions of temperature and solute fields around a spherical crystal growing from a binary melt under the far-field flow are obtained.Based on the results,a linear stability analysis on the spherical interface growing from the binary melt under the far-field flow is performed.It is found that the constitutional supercooling effect ahead of the spherical crystal interface under the far-field flow is enhanced compared with that without the flow.The growth rate of the perturbation amplitude at the up-wind side of the spherical crystal interface is larger than that at the down-wind side.The critical stability radius of the crystal interface decreases with the increasing far-field flow velocity.Under the far-field flow,the whole spherical interface becomes more unstable compared with that without the flow.     

The breakdown mechanism of a high-side pLDMOS based on a thin-layer silicon-on-insulator structure

A high-side thin-layer silicon-on-insulator (SOI) pLDMOS is proposed, adopting field implant (FI) and multiple field plate (MFP) technologies. The breakdown mechanisms of back gate (BG) turn-on, surface channel punch-through, and vertical and lateral avalanche breakdown are investigated by setting up analytical models, simulating related parameters and verifying experimentally. The device structure is optimized based on the above research. The shallow junction achieved through FI technology attenuates the BG effect, the optimized channel length eliminates the surface channel punch-through, the advised thickness of the buried oxide dispels the vertical avalanche breakdown, and the MFP technology avoids premature lateral avalanche breakdown by modulating the electric field distribution. Finally, for the first time, a 300 V high-side pLDMOS is experimentally realized on a 1.5 μ m thick thin-layer SOI.     

A pilot experiment for mass measurement at CSRe

A pilot experiment of mass measurement was performed at CSRe with the method of isochronous mass spectrometry. The secondary fragments produced via RIBLL2 with the primary beam of 400 MeV/u ^36Ar delivered by CSRm were injected into CSRe. The revolution periods of the stored ions,which depend on the mass-to-charge ratios of the stored ions,were measured with a time-of-flight detector system. The results show that the mass resolution around 8×10^-6 for △m/m is achieved.     

Quasi-Elastic Scattering of 16C from 12C at 47.5 MeV/Nucleon

Differential cross sections for the quasi-elastic scattering of^16 C at 47.5 MeV/nucleon from ^12 C target are measured.Coupled-channels calculations are carried out and the optical potential parameters are obtained by fitting the experimental angular distribution.     

NaYF_4∶Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒的共沉淀法合成及表征

以二乙二胺五乙酸(DTPA)为络合剂,采用共沉淀法合成了单分散的NaYF_4:Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、荧光(FL)光谱、热重-差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)对合成的样品进行了表征.所合成纳米颗粒的粒径均一,通过改变络合剂DTPA的用最可使颗粒的平均粒径在20～120 nm范围内可调.纳米颗粒经煅烧后发生了由立方品型向六方晶型的转变,并伴随着荧光强度的大幅提升.还探讨了络合剂DTPA的用量、煅烧温度对纳米颗粒粒径、晶型及荧光性能的影响.研究结果表明:络合剂DTPA的加入虽然在一定程度上阻碍纳米颗粒由立方晶型向六方晶型的转变,但可获得单分散的小粒径纳米颗粒,其荧光强度仍能满足生物标记的要求.     

氮叶立德高立体选择性地合成螺[环丙烷-1,4'-吡唑啉-5'-酮] 衍生物的研究

螺环丙基杂环化合物是一类具有重要药理、生理活性的化合物, 研究和发展这类化合物的新的立体选择性合成方法是当前有机合成领域的一个热点. 对1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛环(DABCO)衍生的氮叶立德与3-甲基-1-苯基-4-芳亚甲基-5-吡唑啉酮合成螺环丙基吡唑啉酮的反应做了研究, 并与胂叶立德所参与的类似反应的结果做了比较, 发现仅得到单一反式结构产物, 但存在exo和endo两种构型, 其中前者为主要产物. 产物结构由IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 元素分析和X射线衍射鉴定. 还从反应机理角度对两种叶立德性质对反应的影响做了解释.     

分子间作用力对咪唑盐介晶相性质的影响

通过对咪唑环1位(N1)取代烷基、3位(N3)取代基及阴离子的修饰合成了一系列具有近晶A (SmA)相的咪唑类离子液晶. 利用差示扫描量热法、单晶衍射、小角度X射线衍射等手段研究了咪唑盐的介晶相温度范围、介晶态的结构, 并测量了部分咪唑盐的各向异性导电率. 结果表明, 咪唑环N1取代烷基、N3取代基及咪唑盐的阴离子会改变分子间范德华力和氢键, 从而对咪唑盐的介晶相性质产生影响. 此外, 当乙烯基引入到咪唑环N3位置时, 咪唑盐相邻的层结构之间形成π-π堆积作用, 不仅有利于介晶态的形成, 同时使氟硼酸类离子液晶具有最大的层间距和最小的各向异性导电率. 这一结果表明, 调控离子液晶的性质时必须综合考虑各种分子间作用力的影响.     

液体填充光子晶体光纤长周期光栅双谐振温度传感器的设计与优化

本文在正六边形光子晶体光纤长周期光栅包层空气孔中选择性填充液体材料,设计并优化一种高灵敏度长周期光栅双谐振温度传感器。基于模式耦合理论建立光纤光栅传感模型,发现在包层空气孔填充特定折射率液体材料后,同一光栅周期下,模型分别在短波长、长波长处出现透射谐振峰,然后利用全矢量有限元法在完美匹配层边界条件下对模型的温度特性进行了数值分析。结果表明:当包层空气孔中填充磁流体时,随着温度的升高,左峰(短波长处)中心波长蓝移,右峰(长波长处)中心波长红移,且左、右峰间隔随温度变化曲线近似线性,其温度灵敏度为11.40nm/℃;当第一层空气孔中填充折射率温度系数更高的乙醇,其他空气孔中填充磁流体时,左、右峰间隔的温度灵敏度为2.99nm/℃。